Carbonic Anhydrase IX/CA9 Antibody

Immunohistochemistry: Carbonic Anhydrase IX/CA9 Antibody [NB100-417] - Images showing Carbonic Anhydrase IX/CA9 expression, pimonidazole, apoptosis and proliferation in SCCNij202.Carbonic Anhydrase IX/CA9 is expressed in hypoxic regions as assessed by pimonidazole staining (A), but is also observed in non-pimonidazole areas (B). Yet, most of Carbonic Anhydrase IX/CA9 is expressed in pimonidazole positive regions (C). Proliferation (BrdUrd) and apoptosis (caspase-3) in relation to Carbonic Anhydrase IX/CA9 expression are shown in figure D and E. Red, Carbonic Anhydrase IX/CA9; Green, pimonidazole (A-B), BrdUrd (D) or caspase-3 (E); Yellow, overlap of Carbonic Anhydrase IX/CA9 (red) and pimonidazole (green); Light blue, vessels. Magnification 100x. Scale bars represent 100 um. Closed circles represent Carbonic Anhydrase IX/CA9 expression in pimonidazole positive regions; open circles represent Carbonic Anhydrase IX/CA9 expression in pimonidazole negative regions. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0108068), licensed under a CC-BY licence.

Dual RNAscope ISH-IHC: Carbonic Anhydrase IX/CA9 Antibody [NB100-417] - Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue sections of human stomach were probed for Carbonic Anhydrase IX/CA9 mRNA (ACD RNAScope Probe, catalog # 559348; Fast Red chromogen, ACD catalog # 322750). Adjacent tissue section was processed for immunohistochemistry using Rabbit Polyclonal (Novus catalog # NB100-417) at 1:1000 dilution with overnight incubation at 4 degrees Celsius followed by incubation with anti-rabbit IgG VisUCyte HRP Polymer Antibody (Catalog # VC003) and DAB chromogen (yellow-brown). Tissue was counterstained with hematoxylin (blue). Specific staining was localized to glandular cells.

Western Blot: Carbonic Anhydrase IX/CA9 Antibody [NB100-417] - Analysis on various human cell lysates. Specific bands were detected for Carbonic Anhydrase IX/CA9 in HEK-293 and A498 cell lines at a molecular weight of approximately 50 kDa. WB image submitted by a verified customer review.

Immunohistochemistry: Carbonic Anhydrase IX/CA9 Antibody [NB100-417] - Immunohistochemical representative microphotographs representing the HIF-1alpha, GLUT-1, and CAIX expression in endometrial cancer according to FIGO classification (IA, IB, II, IIIA, IIIC, and IV). Primary objective magnification 20x. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//www.hindawi.com/journals/bmri/2014/616850/) licensed under a CC-BY licence.

Immunoblotting: Carbonic Anhydrase IX/CA9 Antibody [NB100-417] - Hypoxias impact on proteins of the mitochondrial ISC assembly machinery. (A) Immunoblotting analyzed the total protein extracts from HeLa cells grown in normoxia (Nx, 21% O2) or hypoxia (Hx, 1% O2) conditions using VDACs poly antibody and anti-CAIX, -ISCU, -FXN, -NFS1, -HSC20 antibodies. Beta-Actin was used as loading control. Citation: Ferecatu I, Canal F, Fabbri L, Mazure NM, Bouton C, Golinelli-Cohen M-P (2018) Dysfunction in the mitochondrial Fe-S assembly machinery leads to formation of the chemoresistant truncated VDAC1 isoform without HIF-1 alpha activation. PLoS ONE 13(3): e0194782.

Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence: Carbonic Anhydrase IX/CA9 Antibody [NB100-417] - Analysis using the DyLight 488 conjugate of NB100-417. Staining of Carbonic Anhydrase IX (red) in human glioma U87 cells. DAPI counterstains nuclei (blue). ICC/IF image submitted by a verified customer review.

Simple Western: Carbonic Anhydrase IX/CA9 Antibody [NB100-417] - Simple Western lane view shows a specific band for CAIX in 0.1 mg/mL of HeLa lysate. This experiment was performed under reducing conditions using the 12-230 kDa separation system.

Flow Cytometry: Carbonic Anhydrase IX/CA9 Antibody [NB100-417] - An intracellular stain was performed on U-87 MG Cells with NB100-417 and a matched isotype control. Cells were fixed with 4% PFA and then permeablized with 0.1% saponin. Cells were incubated in an antibody dilution of 2.5 ug/mL for 30 minutes at room temperature, followed by Rabbit IgG APC-conjugated Secondary Antibody, (R&D Systems, F0111).

Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence: Carbonic Anhydrase IX/CA9 Antibody [NB100-417] - Immunocytochemical analysis of CNHCs with antibodies against the RCC marker CAIX. Clusters of CNHCs cytomorphologically classified as uncertain malignant (-UMF) with cytoplasmic positive staining with antibodies against the RCC marker CAIX. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//translational-medicine.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1479-5876-11-214) licensed under a CC-BY licence.

Western Blot: Carbonic Anhydrase IX/CA9 Antibody [NB100-417] - Analysis in 1) HeLa, 2) MDA-MB-231, and 3) A549 whole cell lysates. Specific bands were detected for Carbonic Anhydrase IX/CA9 at a molecular weight of 50 kDa.

Western Blot: Carbonic Anhydrase IX/CA9 Antibody [NB100-417] - Analysis on rat renal cortex. A specific band was detected at a molecular weight of approximately 50 kDa.

Immunohistochemistry-Frozen: Carbonic Anhydrase IX/CA9 Antibody [NB100-417] - Analysis of human colon carcinoma, xenografted in mice. IHC-Fr image submitted by a verified customer review.

Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: Carbonic Anhydrase IX/CA9 Antibody [NB100-417] - IHC analysis of a FFPE tissue section of human breast cancer using CAIX antibody at 1:1000 dilution. The primary antibody bound to CAIX antigens in the tissue section was detected using a HRP labeled secondary antibody and DAB reagent. Nuclei of the cells were counterstained with hematoxylin. This CAIX antibody generated an expected cytoplasmic staining of CAIX protein with an intense signal around the cellular membranes in tumor cores. The latter are more likely to be hypoxic in growing tumors which signifies that the observed CAIX staining is specific.

Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: Carbonic Anhydrase IX/CA9 Antibody [NB100-417] - Strong cytoplasmic and membranous CA9 staining in glandular cells of human stomach tissue. Citrate buffer pH 6 antigen retrieval. Antibody at 1:250 dilution and detected with an Alexa Fluor 546 labeled goat-anti-rabbit secondary antibody. Nuclei detected with DAPI. IHC-P image submitted by a verified customer review.

Immunohistochemistry: Carbonic Anhydrase IX/CA9 Antibody [NB100-417] - Immunofluorescence of human RCC tumor cryosections using NB100-417 (Panel A). Panel B shows staining with normal rabbit serum.

Immunohistochemistry: Carbonic Anhydrase IX/CA9 Antibody [NB100-417] - Colorectal cancer xenograft growth was suppressed by CB-PIC(20 and 50 mg/kg body weight) in female athymic nude mice. Starting three days after SW620 cell inoculation, CB-PIC (20 and 50 mg/kg body weight) was injected in abdomen with 4% Tween 20 as vehicle once daily. Representative examples of immunohistochemical staining for CA IX in tumor section. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//www.hindawi.com/journals/ecam/2013/974313/), licensed under a CC-BY licence.

Immunoblotting: Carbonic Anhydrase IX/CA9 Antibody [NB100-417] - Iron depletion and nitric oxide stress and Iron depletion induce the truncated VDAC1 form accumulation. (D) Total protein extracts were analyzed by immunoblotting using VDACs poly antibody and anti-HIF-1 alpha and -CAIX antibodies. (E) Immunoblotting was used to analyze total protein extracts using antibodies against the three VDAC isoforms. (F) HeLa cells were grown in hypoxia (Hx, 1% O2) conditions and transfected with iscu- or NC-siRNA for 3 days, or grown in normoxia (Nx, 21% O2), some treated with DFO for 16 h. Western Blots analyzed total proteins using VDACs poly antibody and anti-HIF-1 alpha, -CAIX, -ISCU antibodies. Citation: Ferecatu I, Canal F, Fabbri L, Mazure NM, Bouton C, Golinelli-Cohen M-P (2018) Dysfunction in the mitochondrial Fe-S assembly machinery leads to formation of the chemoresistant truncated VDAC1 isoform without HIF-1 alpha activation. PLoS ONE 13(3): e0194782.

• Reactivity: Hu, Mu, Rt, Pl
• Applications: WB, Simple Western, ChIP, ELISA, Flow, GS, IB, ICC/IF, IHC, IHC-Fr, IHC-P, Dual ISH-IHC, KO
• Clonality: Polyclonal
• Host: Rabbit
• Conjugate: Unconjugated
• Concentration: 1.0 mg/ml

Carbonic Anhydrase IX/CA9 Antibody Summary

• Immunogen: This Carbonic Anhydrase IX/CA9 Antibody was made from a synthetic peptide from the C-terminal sequence of human Carbonic Anhydrase IX (within residues 400-459) [UniProt# Q16790].
• Localization: Membrane.
• Marker: Hypoxia Marker
• Isotype: IgG
• Clonality: Polyclonal
• Host: Rabbit
• Gene: CA9
• Purity: Immunogen affinity purified

Applications/Dilutions

• Dilutions:
  • Western Blot 1:2000
  • Simple Western 1:50
  • Chromatin Immunoprecipitation 1:10 - 1:500
  • ELISA
  • Flow Cytometry 1:1000
  • Gel Super Shift Assays
  • Immunoblotting
  • Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence 1:1000
  • Immunohistochemistry 1:1000
  • Immunohistochemistry-Frozen 1:1000
  • Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin 1:1000
  • Dual RNAscope ISH-IHC
  • Knockout Validated
• Application Notes: Gel Super Shift Assays was reported in scientific literature. In Western blot a band is observed approx. 53 kDa. Use in ELISA reported in scientific literature (PMID 19963243). Use in chromatin immunoprecipitation reported in multiple pieces of scientific literature. Knockout validation (PMID: 31585940). In Simple Western only 10 - 15 uL of the recommended dilution is used per data point. Separated by Size-Wes, Sally Sue/Peggy Sue.
• Theoretical MW: 55 kDa.
  Disclaimer note: The observed molecular weight of the protein may vary from the listed predicted molecular weight due to post translational modifications, post translation cleavages, relative charges, and other experimental factors.
• Control:

  HeLa Whole Cell Lysate
  Carbonic Anhydrase IX/CA9 Overexpression Lysate

Reactivity Notes

Reactivity to various species reported in scientific literature (Species - PMID: Human - 31311071, Mouse - 31097477, Rat - 25767292, and Plant - 19278636).

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Store at -20C. Avoid freeze-thaw cycles.
• Buffer: PBS
• Preservative: 0.025% Sodium Azide
• Concentration: 1.0 mg/ml
• Purity: Immunogen affinity purified

Alternate Names for Carbonic Anhydrase IX/CA9 Antibody

• CA9
• CAIX
• CA-IX
• Carbonate dehydratase IX
• carbonic anhydrase 9
• Carbonic Anhydrase IX
• carbonic dehydratase
• EC 4.2.1.1
• G250
• Membrane antigen MN
• MN
• P54/58N
• PMW1
• RCC
• RCC-associated antigen G250
• RCC-associated protein G250
• Renal cell carcinoma-associated antigen G250

Background

Carbonic anhydrase alpha, isozyme IX, belongs to a family of zinc-containing metalloproteins which hydrate carbon dioxide to generate bicarbonate ions and protons (1). This main catalytic function allows carbonic anhydrase IX to participate in cellular pH regulation. The large family of carbonic anhydrase metalloproteins includes three major classes which have been identified based on sequence and structure analysis. The alpha class is a monomer found in mammals. The beta class may occur as a dimer, tetramer, hexamer or octamer and is found in plants, algae, and bacteria. Lastly, the gamma class is a trimer found in bacteria and represents the most ancient carbonic anhydrase. These three classes of carbonic anhydrase enzymes lack sequence or structural similarities, but all share a conserved active site zinc atom (1).

Carbonic anhydrase IX (theoretical molecular weight 50kDa) belongs to the monomeric alpha class and is a single pass-transmembrane protein with two extracellular domains which serve catalytic and cell adhesion functions (2, 3). By cooperating with sodium bicarbonate cotransporters (NBC), lactate and proton exporting monocarboxylic acid transporters (MCT), and a sodium/hydrogen exchanger (NHE), carbonic anhydrase IX is involved in pH regulation across the cell membrane. This functional property protects cancer cells from intracellular acidification and partly explains the role of carbonic anhydrase IX in cancer cell survival and proliferation. In contrast, the pH regulating activity of carbonic anhydrase IX induces extracellular acidification, which has been implicated in epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and promoting cancer invasion. Carbonic anhydrase IX is frequently overexpressed in cancer cells (e.g., colorectal-, breast-, lung-carcinoma and brain tumors), an effect promoted by hypoxia within the tumor microenvironment (4). An exception are tumors carrying pVHL inactivating mutations, such as clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), where HIF-alpha is stabilized due to dysfunctional proteasomal targeting and can induce HRE (Hypoxia Response Element) containing genes even under physiological normoxia (5). Carbonic anhydrase IX may be detected by immunostaining in tumors, which is found in association with necrotic tissue and metastatic cells. Because the expression of carbonic anhydrase IX correlates with both tumor grade and stage, analysis of its expression in tumors serves as a prognostic factor (4, 6).

References

1. Tripp, B. C., Smith, K., & Ferry, J. G. (2001). Carbonic Anhydrase: New Insights for an Ancient Enzyme. Journal of Biological Chemistry. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.R100045200

2. Nishimori, I., & Onishi, S. (2001). Carbonic anhydrase isozymes in the human pancreas. Digestive and Liver Disease. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1590-8658(01)80138-9

3. Zavadova, Z., & Zavada, J. (2005). Carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX) mediates tumor cell interactions with microenvironment. Oncology Reports. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.13.5.977

4. Pastorekova, S., & Gillies, R. J. (2019). The role of carbonic anhydrase IX in cancer development: links to hypoxia, acidosis, and beyond. Cancer and Metastasis Reviews. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10555-019-09799-0

5. Haase, V. (2009). The VHL Tumor Suppressor: Master Regulator of HIF. Current Pharmaceutical Design. https://doi.org/10.2174/138161209789649394

6. Young, J. R., Coy, H., Kim, H. J., Douek, M., Sisk, A., Pantuck, A. J., & Raman, S. S. (2018). Association of the gross appearance of intratumoral vascularity at MDCT with the carbonic anhydrase IX score in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. American Journal of Roentgenology. https://doi.org/10.2214/AJR.18.19725

Limitations

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.

Publications for Carbonic Anhydrase IX/CA9 Antibody (NB100-417)(189)

Publications using NB100-417

• Kuthi L, Somoracz a, Micsik T et al. Clinicopathological Findings on 28 Cases with XP11.2 Renal Cell Carcinoma Pathol. Oncol. Res. Jan 18 2020 [PMID: 31955345] (MiAr, Human)
• Steenbrugge J, Vander Elst N, Demeyere K Comparative Profiling of Metastatic 4T1-vs. Non-metastatic Py230-Based Mammary Tumors in an Intraductal Model for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Front. Immunol. Dec 17 2019 [PMID: 31921184] (IHC-P, Mouse)
• Abdallah MG, Buchanan-Vega JA, Lee KJ, et al. Clinicopathological Characterization of Renal Cell Carcinoma in Young Adults: a contemporary update and review of literature Histopathology Dec 23 2019 [PMID: 31872452] (IHC, Human)
• Xiao Y, Zhao H, Tian L et al. S100A10 is a critical mediator of GAS6/AXL-induced angiogenesis in renal cell carcinoma Cancer Res. 2019 Oct 04 [PMID: 31585940] (IHC, KO, Mouse, Human)
• Kennedy JM, Wang X, Plouffe KR et al. Clinical and morphologic review of 60 hereditary renal tumors from 30 hereditary renal cell carcinoma syndrome patients: lessons from a contemporary single institution series Med. Oncol. Jul 22 2019 [PMID: 31332543]
• Matolay O, Beke L, Gyurkovics A et al. Quantitative Analysis of Carbonic Anhydrase IX Uncovers Hypoxia-Related Functional Differences in Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma Subtypes Int J Mol Sci Jul 15 2019 [PMID: 31311071] (IHC, Human)
• Kitson SJ, Maskell Z, Sivalingam VN et al. Optimization of Window Study Endpoints in Endometrial Cancer Front Oncol May 29 2019 [PMID: 31214492]
• Reijnen, C;van Weelden, WJ;Arts, MSJP;Peters, JP;Rijken, PF;van de Vijver, K;Santacana, M;Bronsert, P;Bulten, J;Hirschfeld, M;Colas, E;Gil-Moreno, A;Reques, A;Mancebo, G;Krakstad, C;Trovik, J;Haldorsen, IS;Huvila, J;Koskas, M;Weinberger, V;Minar, L;Jandak Poor outcome in hypoxic endometrial carcinoma is related to vascular density Br. J. Cancer Apr 23 2019 [PMID: 31011231] (IHC-P, Human)
• Azam, SH;Porrello, A;Harrison, EB;Leslie, PL;Liu, X;Waugh, TA;Belanger, A;Mangala, LS;Lopez-Berestein, G;Wilson, HL;McCann, JV;Kim, WY;Sood, AK;Liu, J;Dudley, AC;Pecot, CV; Quaking orchestrates a post-transcriptional regulatory network of endothelial cell cycle progression critical to angiogenesis and metastasis Oncogene Mar 27 2019 [PMID: 30918328] (IHC-Fr, Mouse)
• Frost J, Ciulli A, Rocha S. RNA-seq analysis of PHD and VHL inhibitors reveals differences and similarities to the hypoxia response Wellcome Open Res Jan 29 2019 [PMID: 30801039] (WB, Human)
• Najjar YG, Menk AV, Sander C et al. Tumor cell oxidative metabolism as a barrier to PD-1 blockade immunotherapy in melanoma JCI Insight Feb 5 2019 [PMID: 30721155] (IHC-Fr, Human)
• Perera RKS Investigating the role of the tumor microenvironment on tumor cell invasion and lymphatic dissemination Thesis (IHC, Mouse)
• Brown E, Rowan C, Strowitzki MJ et al. Mucosal inflammation downregulates PHD1 expression promoting a barrier-protective HIF-1 alpha response in ulcerative colitis patients FASEB J. Jan 16 2020 [PMID: 31944416] (WB, Human)
• Recondo G, Mezquita L, Facchinetti F et al. Diverse Resistance Mechanisms to the Third-Generation ALK Inhibitor Lorlatinib in ALK-Rearranged Lung Cancer Clin. Cancer Res. Jan 1 2020 [PMID: 31585938] (IHC, KO, Mouse, Human)
• Ron A, Dean-Ben XL, Gottschalk S, Razansky, D Volumetric optoacoustic imaging unveils high-resolution patterns of acute and cyclic hypoxia in a murine model of breast cancer Cancer Res. May 16 2019 [PMID: 31097477] (IHC, Mouse)
• Guo H, Ci X, Ahmed M et al. ONECUT2 is a driver of neuroendocrine prostate cancer. Nat Commun Jan 17 2019 [PMID: 30655535] (IHC-P, Human)
• Mehes G, Matolay O, Beke L et al. Hypoxia related carbonic anhydrase IX expression is associated with unfavourable response to first-line therapy in classical Hodgkin's lymphoma. Histopathology Jan 12 2019 [PMID: 30636023] (IHC, Human)
• Neal JT, Li X, Zhu J et al. Organoid Modeling of the Tumor Immune Microenvironment Cell Dec 13 2018 [PMID: 30550791] (IHC-P, Human)
• Kubo H, Hanaoka K, Kuriki Y et al. Rapid detection of metastatic lymph nodes of colorectal cancer with a gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase-activatable fluorescence probe Sci Rep Dec 12 2018 [PMID: 30542087] (IHC-P, Human)
• Young JR, Coy H, Kim HJ et al. Association of the Gross Appearance of Intratumoral Vascularity at MDCT With the Carbonic Anhydrase IX Score in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. AJR Am J Roentgenol. Oct 9 2018 [PMID: 30300009] (IHC, Human)
• Davis RM, Kiss B, Trivedi DR et al. Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Nanoparticles for Multiplexed Imaging of Bladder Cancer Tissue Permeability and Molecular Phenotype. ACS Nano Sep 11 2018 [PMID: 30203645] (ICC/IF, Human)
• Greenhough A, Bagley C, Heesom KJ et al. Cancer cell adaptation to hypoxia involves a HIF-GPRC5A-YAP axis EMBO Mol Med Aug 24 2018 [PMID: 30143543] (WB, Human)
• Burman A, Kropski JA, Calvi CL et al. Localized hypoxia links ER stress to lung fibrosis through induction of C/EBP homologous protein JCI Insight Aug 23 2018 [PMID: 30135303] (IHC-P, Mouse)
• Steenbrugge J, Breyne K, Demeyere K et al. Anti-inflammatory signaling by mammary tumor cells mediates prometastatic macrophage polarization in an innovative intraductal mouse model for triple-negative breast cancer J. Exp. Clin. Cancer Res. Aug 15 2018 [PMID: 30111338] (IHC-P, Mouse)
• Balasundaram G, Ding L, Li X et al. Noninvasive Anatomical and Functional Imaging of Orthotopic Glioblastoma Development and Therapy using Multispectral Optoacoustic Tomography Transl Oncol Aug 10 2018 [PMID: 30103155] (IHC-P, Mouse)
• Lambrechts D, Wauters E, Boeckx B et al. Phenotype molding of stromal cells in the lung tumor microenvironment. Nat. Med. Jul 9 2018 [PMID: 29988129] (IHC-P, Human)
• Ames S, Pastorekova S, Becker HM. The proteoglycan-like domain of carbonic anhydrase IX mediates non-catalytic facilitation of lactate transport in cancer cells. Oncotarget. Jun 15 2018 [PMID: 29963253] (WB, Human)
• Toonen Lodewijk J A, Overzier Maurice, Evers Melvin M et al. Transcriptional profiling and biomarker identification reveal tissue specific effects of expanded ataxin-3 in a spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 mouse model. Molecular Neurodegeneration 2018 Jun 22 [PMID: 29929540] (WB, Mouse)
• Iwamoto H, Abe M, Yang Y et al. Cancer Lipid Metabolism Confers Antiangiogenic Drug Resistance Cell Metab. May 25 2018 [PMID: 29861385] (ICC/IF)
• Rosenberg T, Aaberg-Jessen C, Petterson SA, Kristensen BW. Heterogenic expression of stem cell markers in patient-derived glioblastoma spheroid cultures exposed to long-term hypoxia CNS Oncol Apr 1 2018 [PMID: 29708435] (IHC, Human)
• Dao M, Pecriaux A, Bessede T et al. BK virus-associated collecting duct carcinoma of the renal allograft in a kidney-pancreas allograft recipient Oncotarget Mar 13 2018 [PMID: 29599935] (IHC-P, Human)
• Ferecatu I, Canal F, Fabbri L et al. Dysfunction in the mitochondrial Fe-S assembly machinery leads to formation of the chemoresistant truncated VDAC1 isoform without HIF-1a activation. PLoS ONE Mar 29 2018 [PMID: 29596470] (WB, Human)
  
  Details:
  CAIX antibody from Novus was used to look at the effect of desferrioxamine treatment on human cell lines with regards to CAIX protein levels in western blot
• Corbet C, Bastien E, Draoui N et al. Interruption of lactate uptake by inhibiting mitochondrial pyruvate transport unravels direct antitumor and radiosensitizing effects. Nat Commun. Mar 23 2018 [PMID: 29572438] (IHC, Human)
• Young JR, Coy H, Kim HJ et al. Utility of multiphasic multidetector computed tomography in discriminating between clear cell renal cell carcinomas with high and low carbonic anhydrase-IX expression. Abdom Radiol (NY). Mar 8 2018 [PMID: 29520426] (IHC)
• Dreyer-Andersen N, Almeida AS, Jensen P et al. Intermittent, low dose carbon monoxide exposure enhances survival and dopaminergic differentiation of human neural stem cells PLoS ONE 2018 Jan 16 [PMID: 29338033] (ICC/IF, Human)
• Boyd NH, Walker K, Fried J et al. Addition of carbonic anhydrase 9 inhibitor SLC-0111 to temozolomide treatment delays glioblastoma growth in vivo. JCI Insight 2017 Dec 21 [PMID: 29263302] (WB, Human)
• Pinato DJ, Black JR, Trousil S et al. Programmed cell death ligands expression in phaeochromocytomas and paragangliomas: Relationship with the hypoxic response, immune evasion and malignant behavior Oncoimmunology. 2017 Aug 03 [PMID: 29147618] (IHC, Human)
• He L, Zhao C, Li Y et al. Antiangiogenic effects of recombinant human endostatin in lung cancers. Mol Med Rep. 2017 [PMID: 29115591] (Mouse)
• Ou D, Garberis I, Adam J et al. Prognostic value of tissue necrosis, hypoxia-related markers and correlation with HPV status in head and neck cancer patients treated with bio- or chemo-radiotherapy. Radiother Oncol 2018 Jan [PMID: 29079308] (IHC)
• Nakamura M, Zhang Y, Yang Y et al. Off-tumor targets compromise antiangiogenic drug sensitivity by inducing kidney erythropoietin production. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2017 Oct 23 [PMID: 29078273] (Mouse)
• Wang D, Berglund AE, Kenchappa RS et al. BIRC3 is a biomarker of mesenchymal habitat of glioblastoma, and a mediator of survival adaptation in hypoxia-driven glioblastoma habitats Sci Rep 2017 Aug 24 [PMID: 28839258] (WB, Mouse)
• Bucau M, Laurent-Bellue A, Pote N et al. 18F-FDG uptake in well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors correlates with both Ki-67 and VHL pathway inactivation Neuroendocrinology 2017 Aug 11 [PMID: 28803235] (Human)
• Klameth L, Rath B, Hochmaier M et al. Small cell lung cancer: model of circulating tumor cell tumorospheres in chemoresistance Sci Rep 2017 Jul 13 [PMID: 28706293] (IHC-P, Human)
• Zhang Y, Sun M, Huang G et al. Maintenance of antiangiogenic and antitumor effects by orally active low-dose capecitabine for long-term cancer therapy. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2017 Jun 27 [PMID: 28607065]
• Takenaka M, Suzuki N, Mori M et al. Iron regulatory protein 2 in ovarian endometrial cysts. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. Apr 24 2017 [PMID: 28450115]
• Bousquet G, El Bouchtaoui M, Sophie T et al. Targeting autophagic cancer stem-cells to reverse chemoresistance in human triple negative breast cancer. Oncotarget. 2017 May 23 [PMID: 28445132] (ICC/IF, Human)
• Tudisco Laura, Orlandi Augusto, Tarallo Valeria et al. Hypoxia activates placental growth factor expression in lymphatic endothelial cells. Oncotarget 2017 [PMID: 28427198] (IHC, Mouse)
• Lee DH, Cheul Oh S, Giles AJ et al. Cardiac glycosides suppress the maintenance of stemness and malignancy via inhibiting HIF-1 alpha in human glioma stem cells Oncotarget 2017 Jun 20 [PMID: 28410215] (IHC, Mouse)
• Himmels P, Paredes I, Adler H et al. Motor neurons control blood vessel patterning in the developing spinal cord. Nat Commun. Mar 6 2017 [PMID: 28262664] (IHC-FR, Mouse)
• Fraga A, Ribeiro R, Coelho A et al. Genetic polymorphisms in key hypoxia-regulated downstream molecules and phenotypic correlation in prostate cancer. BMC Urol 2017 Jan 31 [PMID: 28143503] (Human)
• Bulusu V, Tumanov S, Michalopoulou E et al. Acetate Recapturing by Nuclear Acetyl-CoA Synthetase 2 Prevents Loss of Histone Acetylation during Oxygen and Serum Limitation Cell Rep Jan 17 2017 [PMID: 28099844] (IHC, Human)
• Tsuji T, Kurokawa Y, Chiche J et al. Dissecting the process of activation of cancer-promoting zinc-requiring ectoenzymes by zinc metalation mediated by ZnT transporters J. Biol. Chem Dec 27 2016 [PMID: 28028180] (WB)
• Oh ET, Kim JW, Kim JM et al. NQO1 inhibits proteasome-mediated degradation of HIF-1a. Nat Commun. Dec 14 2016 [PMID: 27966538] (IHC, Mouse)
• Frost J, Galdeano C, Soares P et al. Potent and selective chemical probe of hypoxic signalling downstream of HIF-alpha hydroxylation via VHL inhibition. Nat Commun. Nov 4 2016 [PMID: 27811928] (WB)
• Cauchy F, Mebarki M, Leporq B et al. Strong antineoplastic effects of metformin in preclinical models of liver carcinogenesis. Clin. Sci. Nov 1 2016 [PMID: 27803295]
• Eikrem OS, Strauss P, Beisland C et al. Development and confirmation of potential gene classifiers of human clear cell renal cell carcinoma using next-generation RNA sequencing. Scand J Urol Dec 1 2016 [PMID: 27739342] (IHC, Human)
• Huang Y, Lichtenberger LM, Taylor M et al. Anti-tumor and Anti-angiogenic Effects of Aspirin-PC in Ovarian Cancer Mol. Cancer Ther. Sep 16 2016 [PMID: 27638860] (IHC, Human)
• Kim En, Kim Gh, Kim J et al. A Pyloric Gland-Phenotype Ovarian Mucinous Tumor Resembling Lobular Endocervical Glandular Hyperplasia in a Patient with Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome. J Pathol Transl Med Aug 22 2016 [PMID: 27550049] (IHC-P)
• van Kuijk SJ, Gieling RG, Niemans R et al. The Sulfamate Small Molecule CAIX Inhibitor S4 Modulates Doxorubicin Efficacy. PLoS ONE. Aug 12 2016 [PMID: 27513947] (IHC, Human)
• Hirakawa T, Yashiro M, Doi Y et al. Pancreatic Fibroblasts Stimulate the Motility of Pancreatic Cancer Cells through IGF1/IGF1R Signaling under Hypoxia. PLoS ONE. Aug 4 2016 [PMID: 27487118] (IHC, Human)
• Yoon C, Chang KK, Lee JH et al. Multimodal targeting of tumor vasculature and cancer stem-like cells in sarcomas with VEGF-A inhibition, HIF-1a inhibition, and hypoxia-activated chemotherapy Oncotarget Jul 12 2016 [PMID: 27374091] (Mouse)
• Leek R, Grimes DR, Harris AL, McIntyre A. Methods: Using Three-Dimensional Culture (Spheroids) as an In Vitro Model of Tumour Hypoxia. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. Jun 21 2016 [PMID: 27325267] (IHC, Human, Mouse)
• He H, Yang Y, Xiang Z et al. A Sensitive IHC Method for Monitoring Autophagy-Specific Markers in Human Tumor Xenografts. J Biomark. Jun 1 2016 [PMID: 27247826] (IHC-P, Human)
• Hecht JL, Zsengeller ZK, Spiel M, Karumanchi SA. Revisiting decidual vasculopathy. Placenta. 2016 Apr 08 [PMID: 27238712] (IHC-P, Human)
• Xu W, Ghosh S, Comhair SA et al. Increased mitochondrial arginine metabolism supports bioenergetics in asthma. J. Clin. Invest. May 23 2016 [PMID: 27214549] (IHC-P, Mouse)
• Badar T, Handisides DR, Benito JM et al. A Phase I Study of Evofosfamide, an Investigational Hypoxia-Activated Prodrug, in Patients with Advanced Leukemia. Am. J. Hematol. May 11 2016 [PMID: 27169385] (IHC-P, Human)
• Faes S, Planche A, Uldry E et al. Targeting carbonic anhydrase IX improves the anti-cancer efficacy of mTOR inhibitors. Oncotarget. Jun 14 2016 [PMID: 27153561] (IHC, Mouse)
• Ono M, Yamada K, Bensaddek D et al. Enhanced snoMEN Vectors Facilitate Establishment of GFP-HIF-1alpha Protein Replacement Human Cell Lines. PLoS ONE. Apr 30 2016 [PMID: 27128805] (WB, Human)
• Eikrem O, Beisland C, Hjelle K et al. Transcriptome Sequencing (RNAseq) Enables Utilization of Formalin-Fixed, Paraffin-Embedded Biopsies with Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma for Exploration of Disease Biology and Biomarker Development PLoS ONE Feb 23 2016 [PMID: 26901863] (IHC-P, Human)
• Radoul M, Chaumeil MM, Eriksson P et al. MR Studies of Glioblastoma Models Treated with Dual PI3K/mTOR Inhibitor and Temozolomide:Metabolic Changes Are Associated with Enhanced Survival. Mol. Cancer Ther. May 1 2016 [PMID: 26883274] (IHC, Mouse)
• Scholz A, Harter PN, Cremer S et al. Endothelial cell-derived angiopoietin-2 is a therapeutic target in treatment-naive and bevacizumab-resistant glioblastoma. EMBO Mol Med. 2016 Jan 05 [PMID: 26666269] (IHC-P, Human)
• Ortmann B, Bensaddek D, Carvalhal S et al. CDK-dependent phosphorylation of PHD1 on serine 130 alters its substrate preference in cells J Cell Sci. 2015 Dec 31 [PMID: 26644182] (WB, Human)
• Mitsuhashi A, Goto H, Saijo A et al. Fibrocyte-like cells mediate acquired resistance to anti-angiogenic therapy with bevacizumab. Nat Commun. 2015 Dec 04 [PMID: 26635184] (IHC-Fr, Mouse)
• Andre H, Tunik S, Aronsson M, Kvanta A. Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1alpha Is Associated With Sprouting Angiogenesis in the Murine Laser-Induced Choroidal Neovascularization Model. ARVO Journals. 2015 Oct [PMID: 26501235] (ICC/IF, Mouse)
• Klier M, Jamali S, Ames S et al. Catalytic activity of human carbonic anhydrase isoform IX is displayed both extra- and intracellularly. FEBS J 2016 Jan [PMID: 26470855]
• Islam SS, Mokhtari RB, Akbari P et al. Simultaneous Targeting of Bladder Tumor Growth, Survival, and Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition with a Novel Therapeutic Combination of Acetazolamide (AZ) and Sulforaphane (SFN). Target Oncol 2015 Oct 10 [PMID: 26453055]
• Kinoshita H, Yashiro M, Fukuoka T et al. Diffuse-type Gastric Cancer Cells Switch Their Driver Pathways from FGFR2 Signaling to SDF1/CXCR4 Axis in Hypoxic Tumor Microenvironments. Carcinogenesis 2015 Sep 18 [PMID: 26385890] (IHC-P, Mouse)
• Jamali S, Klier M, Ames S et al. Hypoxia-induced carbonic anhydrase IX facilitates lactate flux in human breast cancer cells by non-catalytic function. Sci Rep 2015 Sep 04 [PMID: 26337752] (WB, ICC/IF, Human)
• Baine MK, Turcu G, Zito CR et al. Characterization of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes in paired primary and metastatic renal cell carcinoma specimens. Oncotarget 2015 Sep 22 [PMID: 26317902]
• Song CW, Lee YJ, Griffin RJ et al. Indirect Tumor Cell Death After High-Dose Hypofractionated Irradiation: Implications for Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy and Stereotactic Radiation Surgery. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2015 Sep 1 [PMID: 26279032]
• Ward C, Meehan J, Mullen P et al. Evaluation of carbonic anhydrase IX as a therapeutic target for inhibition of breast cancer invasion and metastasis using a series of in vitro breast cancer models Oncotarget 2015 Jul 04 [PMID: 26259239]
• Kasashima H, Yashiro M, Kinoshita H et al. Lysyl oxidase is associated with the epithelial-mesenchymal transition of gastric cancer cells in hypoxia. Gastric Cancer 2016 Apr [PMID: 26100130]
• Yoon C, Lee HJ, Park DJ et al. Hypoxia-activated chemotherapeutic TH-302 enhances the effects of VEGF-A inhibition and radiation on sarcomas. Br. J. Cancer. 2015 May 26 [PMID: 26010414] (IHC-P, ICC/IF, Human)
• Brossa Alessia, Grange Cristina, Mancuso Letizia et al. Sunitinib but not VEGF blockade inhibits cancer stem cell endothelial differentiation. Oncotarget 2015 [PMID: 25948774] (IHC, ICC/IF, Mouse)
• Dulloo I, Phang BH, Othman R et al. Hypoxia-inducible TAp73 supports tumorigenesis by regulating the angiogenic transcriptome. Nat. Cell Biol. 2015 Apr 01 [PMID: 25774835] (IHC-P, Human)
• Cotroneo E, Ashek A, Wang L et al. Iron Homeostasis and Pulmonary Hypertension: Iron Deficiency Leads to Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling in the Rat. Circ. Res. 2015 Mar 12 [PMID: 25767292] (IHC, Rat)
• Kang HJ, Kim IH, Sung CO et al. Expression of carbonic anhydrase 9 is a novel prognostic marker in resectable hepatocellular carcinoma Virchows Arch. 2015 Jan 11 [PMID: 25577552] (IHC-P, Human)
  
  Details:
  Carbonic Anhydrase IX/CA9 antibody used at 1:1000 dilution for IHC-P staining on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections/TMAs created from surgically resected hepatocellular carcinoma/HCC and adjacent non-neoplastic liver tissue - 32 minutes of heat-induced epitope retrieval with Cell Conditioning 1 /CC1 buffer, 16 minutes of primary antibody incubation on Ventana's autoimmunostainer/Bench Mark XT automatic immunostaining device, staining development with Ventana's OptiView DAB IHC Detection Kit. Fig 2a-f documents the staining images showing weak, moderate and strong membranous expression levels of carbonic anhydrase 9 protein and the overall data in this study establishes CA9 protein as a poor prognostic factor in resectable HCC patients.
• Mudie S, Bandarra D, Batie M et al. PITX1, a specificity determinant in the HIF-1alpha-mediated transcriptional response to hypoxia. Cell Cycle 2014 [PMID: 25558831] (WB)
• Lee H, Yoon C, Park DJ et al. Inhibition of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A and Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1alpha Maximizes the Effects of Radiation in Sarcoma Mouse Models Through Destruction of Tumor Vasculature. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 2014 Dec 24 [PMID: 25544668]
• Janmohamed SR, Brinkhuizen T, den Hollander JC et al. Support for the hypoxia theory in the pathogenesis of infantile haemangioma. Clin. Exp. Dermatol. 2014 Dec 16 [PMID: 25511669] (IHC-P, Human)
• Lin XY, Zhang H, Tang N et al. Expression and diagnostic implications of carbonic anhydrase IX in several tumours with predominantly clear cell morphology. Histopathology. 2014 Nov 27 [PMID: 25431204] (IHC-P, Human)
  
  Details:
  Carbonic Anhydrase IX/CA9 antibody used for IHC-P on sections of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC; primary and metastatic) and several other type of tumors with predominantly clear cell morphology - tissues previously fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin and embedded in paraffin, 4um sections, routine IHC-P processing with streptavidin-peroxidase detection system. ccRCC, and breast / pulmonary/hepatic clear cell carcinoma, urothelial carcinoma with clear cell change, clear cell meningioma/ependymoma, haemangioblastoma, and clear cell hidradenoma showed expression of CAIX. See full text for staining images and the expression levels.
• Gellert LL, Mehra R, Chen YB et al. The diagnostic accuracy of percutaneous renal needle core biopsy and its potential impact on the clinical management of renal cortical neoplasms. Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med. 2014 Dec 01 [PMID: 25427045] (IHC-P, Human)
  
  Details:
  Carbonic Anhydrase IX/CA9 antibody used for IHC-P on sections of human renal biopsies having sarcomatoid area with focal necrosis and clear cell renal cell carcinoma (Figure 3.).
• Santos Cd, Tijeras-Raballand A, Serova M et al. Effects of preset sequential administrations of sunitinib and everolimus on tumour differentiation in Caki-1 renal cell carcinoma. Br. J. Cancer. 2014 Nov 25 [PMID: 25422908] (IHC-P, Human)
• Meijer Tineke W H, Bussink Johan, Zatovicova Miriam et al. Tumor microenvironmental changes induced by the sulfamate carbonic anhydrase IX inhibitor S4 in a laryngeal tumor model. PloS One 2014 [PMID: 25225880] (IHC, Mouse)
• Hwa JS, Kwon OJ, Park JJ et al. The prognostic value of immunohistochemical markers for oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2014 Aug 29 [PMID: 25169079]
• Chen LQ, Howison CM, Spier C et al. Assessment of carbonic anhydrase IX expression and extracellular pH in B-cell lymphoma cell line models. Leuk. Lymphoma. 2014 Aug 17 [PMID: 25130478]
• Motzer RJ, Hutson TE, Hudes GR et al. Investigation of novel circulating proteins, germ line single-nucleotide polymorphisms, and molecular tumor markers as potential efficacy biomarkers of first-line sunitinib therapy for advanced renal cell carcinoma. Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. 2014 Aug 07 [PMID: 25100134] (IHC-P, Human)
  
  Details:
  Rabbit polyclonal Carbonic Anhydrase IX/CA-IX antibody used for IHC on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) blocks or unstained slides from tumor specimens.
• Guo Jianying, Shinriki Satoru, Su Yu et al. Hypoxia suppresses cylindromatosis (CYLD) expression to promote inflammation in glioblastoma: possible link to acquired resistance to anti-VEGF therapy. Oncotarget 2014 [PMID: 25071012] (IHC, Human)
• Sadlecki P, Bodnar M, Grabiec M. The Role of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1a, Glucose Transporter-1,(GLUT-1) and Carbon Anhydrase IX in Endometrial Cancer Patients. BioMed Research International 3/12/2014 [PMID: 24745019] (IHC-P, Human)
• Heijmen L, Voert EGW, Punt CJA. Monitoring hypoxia and vasculature during bevacizumab treatment in a murine colorectal cancer model. Contrast Media Mol Imaging 2014 May-Jun [PMID: 24700751] (IHC-Fr, Human)
  
  Details:
  Using the Biotin conjugated version of NB100-417, catalog number NB100-417B.
• Kwon OJ, Park JJ, Ko GH et al. HIF-1a and CA-IX as predictors of locoregional control for determining the optimal treatment modality for early-stage laryngeal carcinoma. Head Neck 2/12/2014 [PMID: 24677746] (IHC-P, Human)
• Chen X, Iliopoulos D, Zhang Q et al. XBP1 promotes triple-negative breast cancer by controlling the HIF1a pathway. Nature 4/3/2014 [PMID: 24670641] (IHC-P, Human)
• Morifuji Yoshihiro, Onishi Hideya, Iwasaki Hironori et al. Reoxygenation from chronic hypoxia promotes metastatic processes in pancreatic cancer through the Hedgehog signaling. Cancer Sci. 2014 Feb 11 [PMID: 24397700]
• Polanski Radoslaw, Hodgkinson Cassandra L, Fusi Alberto et al. Activity of the monocarboxylate transporter 1 inhibitor AZD3965 in small cell lung cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 2014 Feb 15 [PMID: 24277449] (IHC)
• Pinato DJ, Tan TM, Toussi ST et al. An expression signature of the angiogenic response in gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumours: correlation with tumour phenotype and survival outcomes. Br J Cancer. 2013 Nov 14 [PMID: 24231952] (IHC-P, Human)
• Chaudary N, Pintilie M, Schwock J et al. Characterization of the Tumor-Microenvironment in Patient-Derived Cervix Xenografts (OCICx). Cancers (Basel) 2012 [PMID: 24213469] (IHC)
• Zhang M, Boughton P, Rose B et al. The Use of Porous Scaffold as a Tumor Model. Int J Biomater. 2013 [PMID: 24101930] (IHC, Human)
• Wen YA, Stevens PD, Gasser ML et al. Downregulation of PHLPP Expression Contributes to Hypoxia-Induced Resistance to Chemotherapy in Colon Cancer Cells. Mol Cell Biol. 2013 Nov [PMID: 24061475] (WB, Human)
• El-Heliebi A, Kroneis T, Zohrer E et al. Are morphological criteria sufficient for the identification of circulating tumor cells in renal cancer?. J Transl Med. 2013 Sep 17 [PMID: 24044779] (ICC/IF, Human)
• Fahling M, Mathia S, Paliege A et al. Tubular von Hippel-Lindau Knockout Protects against Rhabdomyolysis-Induced AKI. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2013 Aug 22 [PMID: 23970125]
• Cioffi S, Martucciello S, Fulcoli FG et al. Tbx1 regulates brain vascularization. Hum Mol Genet. 2013 Sep 7 [PMID: 23945394] (IHC-Fr, ICC/IF, Mouse)
• Kumar S, Mokhtari RB, Oliveira ID et al. Tumor Dynamics in Response to Antiangiogenic Therapy with Oral Metronomic Topotecan and Pazopanib in Neuroblastoma Xenografts. Transl Oncol 2013 Aug 1 [PMID: 23908692] (IHC, Human)
• Dubois L, Peeters SG, van Kuijk SJ et al. Targeting carbonic anhydrase IX by nitroimidazole based sulfamides enhances the therapeutic effect of tumor irradiation: A new concept of dual targeting drugs. Radiother Oncol 2013 Jul 9 [PMID: 23849171] (IHC-Fr, Mouse)
• Campanile C, Arlt MJ, Kramer SD et al. Characterization of Different Osteosarcoma Phenotypes by PET Imaging in Preclinical Animal Models. J Nucl Med 2013 Jun 25 [PMID: 23801674]
• Bussolati B, Lauritano C, Moggio A et al. Renal CD133+/CD73+ Progenitors Produce Erythropoietin under Hypoxia and Prolyl Hydroxylase Inhibition. J Am Soc Nephrol 2013 May 9 [PMID: 23661806]
• Carbonell WS, Delay M, Jahangiri A et al. beta1 Integrin Targeting Potentiates Antiangiogenic Therapy and Inhibits the Growth of Bevacizumab-Resistant Glioblastoma. Cancer Res 2013 May 15 [PMID: 23644530] (IHC-P, ICC/IF, Human)
• Cho SY, Lee HJ, Lee HJ et al. Activation of AMP-Activated Protein Kinase alpha and Extracelluar Signal-Regulated Kinase Mediates CB-PIC-Induced Apoptosis in Hypoxic SW620 Colorectal Cancer Cells Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2013 [PMID: 23589723] (IHC-P, Human)
• Proescholdt MA, Merrill MJ, Stoerr EM et al. Function of carbonic anhydrase IX in glioblastoma multiforme Neuro Oncol 2012 Nov [PMID: 23074198] (IHC, WB, Human)
• Currie MJ, Beardsley BE, Harris GC et al. Immunohistochemical analysis of cancer stem cell markers in invasive breast carcinoma and associated ductal carcinoma in situ: relationships with markers of tumor hypoxia and microvascularity Hum Pathol 2012 Oct 1 [PMID: 23036368] (IHC, Human)
• Piao Y, Liang J, Holmes L et al. Glioblastoma resistance to anti-VEGF therapy is associated with myeloid cell infiltration, stem cell accumulation, and a mesenchymal phenotype Neuro Oncol 2012 Sep 10 [PMID: 22965162] (IHC, Human, Mouse)
• Chen L, Chen L, Huang J et al. Tyrosine kinase inhibitor sunitinib targets the vasculature of clear cell renal cell carcinoma: a morphometrical study of treatment effect. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2016 (IHC-P, Human)
• Aarntzen EH, Srinivas M, Bonetto F et al. Targeting of 111In-Labeled Dendritic Cell Human Vaccines Improved by Reducing Number of Cells. Clin Cancer Res 2013 Mar 15 [PMID: 23382117] (IHC, Human)
• Zhang Q, Bai X, Chen W et al. Wnt/beta-catenin signaling enhances hypoxia-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition in hepatocellular carcinoma via crosstalk with hif-1alpha signaling. Carcinogenesis 2013 Jan 27 [PMID: 23358852] (WB, Human)
• Heijmen L, Punt CJ, Ter Voert EG et al. Monitoring the effects of bevacizumab beyond progression in a murine colorectal cancer model: a functional imaging approach. Invest New Drugs 013 Jan 17 [PMID: 23325291] (IHC, ICC/IF, Mouse)
  
  Details:
  Using the Biotin conjugated version of NB100-417, catalog number NB100-417B.
• Pinato DJ, Ramachandran R, Toussi ST et al. Immunohistochemical markers of the hypoxic response can identify malignancy in phaeochromocytomas and paragangliomas and optimize the detection of tumours with VHL germline mutations Br J Cancer 2012 Dec 20 [PMID: 23257898] (IHC, Human)
• Delhaas T, Van der Meer SF, Schaart G et al. Steep Increase in Myonuclear Domain Size During Infancy Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2012 Dec 4 [PMID: 23213045] (IHC, ICC/IF, Human)
• Muriel Lopez C, Esteban E, Berros JP et al. Prognostic Factors in Patients With Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma Clin Genitourin Cancer 2012 Sep 6 [PMID: 22959659] (IHC, Human)
• Brouillet S, Murthi P, Hoffmann P et al. EG-VEGF controls placental growth and survival in normal and pathological pregnancies: case of fetal growth restriction (FGR) Cell Mol Life Sci 2012 Sep 2 [PMID: 22941044] (IHC, Human)
• Engler JR, Robinson AE, Smirnov I et al. Increased microglia/macrophage gene expression in a subset of adult and pediatric astrocytomas PLoS One 2012 [PMID: 22937035] (IHC, Human)
• Yin S, Kaluz S, Devi NS et al. Arylsulfonamide KCN1 Inhibits In Vivo Glioma Growth and Interferes with HIF Signaling by Disrupting HIF-1alpha Interaction with Cofactors p300/CBP Clin Cancer Res 2012 Dec 15 [PMID: 22923450] (WB, Human)
• Park I, Hu S, Bok R et al. Evaluation of heterogeneous metabolic profile in an orthotopic Human glioblastoma xenograft model using compressed sensing hyperpolarized 3D 13C magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging. Magn Reson Med 2013 Jul [PMID: 22851374] (IHC-P, Rat)
• Fromy B, Lingueglia E, Sigaudo-Roussel D et al. Asic3 is a neuronal mechanosensor for pressure-induced vasodilation that protects against pressure ulcers Nat Med 2012 Jul 29 [PMID: 22842475] (IHC, Mouse)
• Eguchi D, Ikenaga N, Ohuchida K et al. Hypoxia enhances the interaction between pancreatic stellate cells and cancer cells via increased secretion of connective tissue growth factor J Surg Res 2012 Jul 6 [PMID: 22795353] (IHC, Human)
• Albert S, Hourseau M, Halimi C et al. Prognostic value of the chemokine receptor CXCR4 and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the mobile tongue. Oral Oncol 2012 Dec [PMID: 22776129]
• Muriel Lopez C, Esteban E, Astudillo A, Pardo P, Berros JP, Izquierdo M, Crespo G, Fonseca PJ, Sanmamed M, Martinez-Camblor P. Predictive factors for response to treatment in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma. Invest New Drugs. 2012 May 27. [PMID: 22644070] (IHC, Human)
• Pellegrini L, Pucci B, Villanova L, Marino ML, Marfe G, Sansone L, Vernucci E, Bellizzi D, Reali V, Fini M, Russo MA, Tafani M. SIRT3 protects from hypoxia and staurosporine-mediated cell death by maintaining mitochondrial membrane potential and intracellular pH. Cell Death Differ. 2012 May 18. [PMID: 22595756] (WB, Human)
• Weber DC, Tille JC, Combescure C et al. The prognostic value of expression of HIF1alpha, EGFR and VEGF-A, in localized prostate cancer for intermediate- and high-risk patients treated with radiation therapy with or without androgen deprivation therapy Radiat Oncol 2012 Apr 30 [PMID: 22546016] (IHC, Human)
• Onishi H, Morifuji Y, Kai M, Suyama K, Iwasaki H, Katano M. Hedgehog inhibitor decreases chemosensitivity to 5-fluorouracil and gemcitabine under hypoxic conditions in pancreatic cancer. Cancer Sci. 2012 Apr 6. [PMID: 22486854] (IHC, ICC/IF, Mouse)
• Speisky D, Duces A, Bieche I et al. Molecular Profiling of Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors in Sporadic and Von Hippel-Lindau Patients. Clin Cancer Res;18(10):2838-2849. 2012 May 15. [PMID: 22461457] (IHC, Human)
• Matsumura Y, Ishii G, Aokage K, Kuwata T, Hishida T, Yoshida J, Nishimura M, Nagai K, Ochiai A. Morphophenotypic characteristics of intralymphatic cancer and stromal cells susceptible to lymphogenic metastasis. Cancer Sci. 2012 Mar 16. [PMID: 22429811] (IHC, Human)
• Wang Y, Roche O, Xu C et al. Hypoxia promotes ligand-independent EGF receptor signaling via hypoxia-inducible factor-mediated upregulation of caveolin-1 Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2012 Mar 12 [PMID: 22411794] (EMSA, WB, Human)
• Lim CS, Kiriakidis S, Paleolog EM, Davies AH. Increased activation of the hypoxia-inducible factor pathway in varicose veins. J Vasc Surg;55(5):1427-1439e1. 2012 May. [PMID: 22277691] (WB, Human)
• Deschamps L, Bacha D, Rebours V, Mebarki M, Bretagnol F, Panis Y, Bedossa P, Ruszniewski P, Couvelard A. The Expression of the Hypoxia Markers CA9 and CXCR4 Is Correlated with Survival in Patients with Neuroendocrine Tumours of the Ileum. Neuroendocrinology. 2011 Nov 29. [PMID: 22133596] (IHC, Human)
• Jung JH, Kim HJ, Yeom J, Yoo C, Shin J, Yoo J, Kang CS, Lee C. Lowered expression of galectin-2 is associated with lymph node metastasis in gastric cancer. J Gastroenterol;47(1):37-48. 2012 Jan. [PMID: 22015694] (WB, Human)
• Guise CP, Abbattista MR, Tipparaju SR et al. Diflavin Oxidoreductases Activate the Bioreductive Prodrug PR104A Under Hypoxia. Molecular Pharmacology. 2011 Oct 7. [PMID: 21984255]
• Ogino T, Onishi H, Suzuki H et al. Inclusive estimation of complex antigen presentation functions of monocyte-derived dendritic cells differentiated under normoxia and hypoxia conditions. Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy: CII. 2011 Sep 20. [PMID: 21932134]
• Melvin A, Mudie S, Rocha S. The chromatin remodeler ISWI regulates the cellular response to hypoxia, role of FIH. Mol Biol Cell. 2011 Sep 7. [PMID: 21900490] (Human)
• Benito J, Shi Y, Szymanska B et al. Pronounced Hypoxia in Models of Murine and Human Leukemia: High Efficacy of Hypoxia-Activated Prodrug PR-104. PLoS ONE. 2011 [PMID: 21853076]
• Garcia-Parra R, Wood D, Shah RB et al. Investigation on tumor hypoxia in resectable primary prostate cancer as demonstrated by (18)F-FAZA PET/CT utilizing multimodality fusion techniques. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2011 Jul 16. [PMID: 21833840] (IHC-P, Human)
• Chaumeil MM, Ozawa T, Park I et al. Hyperpolarized 13C MR spectroscopic imaging can be used to monitor Everolimus treatment in vivo in an orthotopic rodent model of glioblastoma. NeuroImage. [PMID: 21807103] (IHC-P, Rat)
• Chamboredon S, Ciais D, Desroches-Castan A et al. Hypoxia-inducible Factor-1{alpha} mRNA: a new target for destabilization by tristetraprolin in endothelial cells. Mol Biol Cell. 2011 Jul 20. [PMID: 21775632] (WB, Human)
• Al-Ahmadie HA, Alden D, Fine SW et al. Role of immunohistochemistry in the evaluation of needle core biopsies in adult renal cortical tumors: an ex vivo study. Am. J. Surg. Pathol. 2011 Jul. [PMID: 21677535] (IHC, Human)
• Mackenzie KA, Miller AP, Hock BD, Gardner J, Simcock JW, Roake JA, Dachs GU, Robinson BA, Currie MJ. Angiogenesis and host immune response contribute to the aggressive character of non-melanoma skin cancers in renal transplant recipients. Histopathology;58(6):875-85. 2011 May. [PMID: 21585427] (IHC, Human)
• Nelson MP, Christmann BS, Werner JL et al. IL-33 and M2a alveolar macrophages promote lung defense against the atypical fungal pathogen Pneumocystis murina. J Immunol 2011 Feb 15 [PMID: 21220696] (ChIP)
• Dachs Gabi U, Kano Maiko, Volkova Ekaterina et al. A profile of prognostic and molecular factors in European and Maori breast cancer patients. BMC Cancer 2010 [PMID: 20932344] (IHC, Human)
• Li Y, Wang H, Tu C et al. Role of hypoxia and EGF on expression, activity, localization and phosphorylation of carbonic anhydrase IX in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2010 Oct 1. [PMID: 20920536] (WB, Human)
• Lapinski JE, Chen L, Zhou M. Distinguishing clear cell renal cell carcinoma, retroperitoneal paraganglioma, and adrenal cortical lesions on limited biopsy material: utility of immunohistochemical markers. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol;18(5):414-21. 2010 Oct. [PMID: 20861762] (IHC, Human)
• Newton IP, Kenneth NS, Appleton PL et al. Adenomatous polyposis coli and hypoxia-inducible factor-1{alpha} have an antagonistic connection. Mol Biol Cell 2010 Nov 1 [PMID: 20844082] (ChIP)
• Pistollato F, Rampazzo E, Persano L et al. Interaction of hypoxia-inducible factor-1a and Notch signaling regulates medulloblastoma precursor proliferation and fate. Stem Cells 2010 Nov [PMID: 20827750] (IHC-P, Human)
• Kato Y, Yashiro M, Noda S et al. Expression of a hypoxia-associated protein, carbonic anhydrase-9, correlates with malignant phenotypes of gastric carcinoma. Digestion 2010 [PMID: 20588040] (IHC, Human)
• O'Toole D, Couvelard A, Rebours V et al. Molecular markers associated with response to chemotherapy in gastro-entero-pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. Endocr Relat Cancer 2010 Dec [PMID: 20570957] (IHC, Human)
• Stillebroer AB, Mulders PF, Boerman OC et al. Carbonic anhydrase IX in renal cell carcinoma: implications for prognosis, diagnosis, and therapy. Eur Urol 2010 Jul [PMID: 20359812]
• Pistollato F, Abbadi S, Rampazzo E et al. Intratumoral hypoxic gradient drives stem cells distribution and MGMT expression in glioblastoma. Stem Cells 2010 May [PMID: 20309962] (IHC-P, Human)
• Park I, Larson PE, Zierhut ML et al. Hyperpolarized 13C magnetic resonance metabolic imaging: application to brain tumors. Neuro Oncol 2010 Feb [PMID: 20150380] (IHC)
• Arvidsson Y, Bergstrom A, Arvidsson L et al. Hypoxia stimulates CXCR4 signalling in ileal carcinoids. Endocr Relat Cancer 2010 Jun 1 [PMID: 20071457] (IHC, Human)
• Zhou GX, Ireland J, Rayman P et al. Quantification of carbonic anhydrase IX expression in serum and tissue of renal cell carcinoma patients using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay: prognostic and diagnostic potentials. Urology 2010 Feb [PMID: 19963243] (ELISA, Human)
• Narita T, Yin S, Gelin CF et al. Identification of a Novel Small Molecule HIF-1{alpha} Translation Inhibitor. Clin Cancer Res 9;15(19):6128-6136. 200 [PMID: 19789328] (WB, Human)
• Hong YS, Cho HJ, Kim SY et al. Carbonic anhydrase 9 is a predictive marker of survival benefit from lower dose of bevacizumab in patients with previously treated metastatic colorectal cancer. BMC Cancer 2009 [PMID: 19619339] (IHC, Human)
• Lucio-Eterovic AK, Piao Y, de Groot JF. Mediators of Glioblastoma Resistance Invasion during Antivascular Endothelial Growth Factor Therapy. Clin Cancer Res:1078-0432.CCR-1009-0575. 2009 [PMID: 19567589] (IHC-P, Human)
• Loinard C, Ginouves A, Vilar J et al. Inhibition of Prolyl Hydroxylase Domain Proteins Promotes Therapeutic Revascularization. Circulation;120(1):50-59. 2009 [PMID: 19546390] (WB, Human, Mouse)
• Li Y, Wang H, Oosterwijk E et al. Antibody-specific detection of CAIX in breast and prostate cancers. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2009 Aug 28 [PMID: 19538935] (IHC-P, Human)
• Chen J, Kobayashi M, Darmanin S et al. Hypoxia-Mediated Up-Regulation of Pim-1 Contributes to Solid Tumor Formation. Am J Pathol;175(1):400-411. 2009 [PMID: 19528349] (IHC-P, Mouse)
• Di Napoli A, Signoretti S. Tissue biomarkers in renal cell carcinoma: issues and solutions. Cancer 2009 May 15 [PMID: 19402057] (Human)
• Banuelos CA, Banath JP, Kim J-Y et al. {gamma}H2AX Expression in Tumors Exposed to Cisplatin Fractionated Irradiation. Clin Cancer Res;15(10):3344-3353. 2009 [PMID: 19401347] (IHC-P, Human)
• Li Ying, Wang Hai, Oosterwijk Egbert et al. Expression and activity of carbonic anhydrase IX is associated with metabolic dysfunction in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Cancer Investigation 2009 [PMID: 19367501] (WB, Human)
• Nakao M, Ishii G, Nagai K et al. Prognostic significance of carbonic anhydrase IX expression by cancer-associated fibroblasts in lung adenocarcinoma. Cancer 2009 Jun 15 [PMID: 19365853] (WB, Human)
• Dumais J. Plant morphogenesis: a role for mechanical signals. Curr Biol 2009 Mar 10 [PMID: 19278636] (IHC, Plant)
• Bachmann IM, Ladstein RG, Straume O et al. Tumor necrosis is associated with increased alphavbeta3 integrin expression and poor prognosis in nodular cutaneous melanomas. BMC Cancer 2008 [PMID: 19061491] (IHC, Human)
• Skapa P, Hyrsl L, Zavada J et al. Carbonic anhydrase IX expression in clear cell renal cell carcinomas negatively correlates with the proportion of the granular cell component. J Clin Oncol 2008 Aug 1 [PMID: 18669473] (Human)
• Sakata K, Someya M, Nagakura H et al. Brachytherapy for oral tongue cancer: an analysis of treatment results with various biological markers. Jpn J Clin Oncol;38(6):402-7. 2008 Jun. [PMID: 18573850] (IHC-P, Human)
• Al-Ahmadie HA, Alden D, Qin LX et al. Carbonic anhydrase IX expression in clear cell renal cell carcinoma: an immunohistochemical study comparing 2 antibodies. Am J Surg Pathol 2008 Mar [PMID: 18300814] (IHC, Human)
• Baia GS, Dinca EB, Ozawa T et al. An orthotopic skull base model of malignant meningioma. Brain Pathol 2008 Apr [PMID: 18093250] (IHC-P, Mouse)
• Gauter-Fleckenstein B, Fleckenstein K, Owzar K et al. Comparison of two Mn porphyrin-based mimics of superoxide dismutase in pulmonary radioprotection. Free Radic Biol Med 2008 Mar 15 [PMID: 18082148] (IHC-P, Rat)
• Kaidi A, Moorghen M, Williams AC et al. Is the downregulation of EphB2 receptor expression during colorectal tumorigenesis due to hypoxia?. Gut 56(11):1637-8. 2007 Nov. [PMID: 17938437] (IHC-P, Human)
• Westbury CB, Pearson A, Nerurkar A et al. Hypoxia can be detected in irradiated normal human tissue: a study using the hypoxic marker pimonidazole hydrochloride. Br J Radiol;80(959):934-8. 2007 Nov. [PMID: 17908818] (IHC-P, Human)
• Yoo H, Baia GS, Smith JS et al. Expression of the hypoxia marker carbonic anhydrase 9 is associated with anaplastic phenotypes in meningiomas. Clin Cancer Res;13(1):68-75. 2007 Jan 1. [PMID: 17200340] (IHC-P, Human)
• Van den Eynden GG, Van der Auwera I, Van Laere SJ et al. Angiogenesis and hypoxia in lymph node metastases is predicted by the angiogenesis and hypoxia in the primary tumour in patients with breast cancer. Br J Cancer;93(10):1128-36. 2005 Nov 14. [PMID: 16251878] (IHC-P, Human)
• Atkins M, Regan M, McDermott D et al. Carbonic anhydrase IX expression predicts outcome of interleukin 2 therapy for renal cancer. Clin Cancer Res;11(10):3714-21. 2005 May 15. [PMID: 15897568] (IHC, Human)
• Sathornsumetee S, Cao Y, Marcello JE et al. Tumor angiogenic and hypoxic profiles predict radiographic response and survival in malignant astrocytoma patients treated with bevacizumab and irinotecan. J Clin Oncol;26(2):271-8. 2008 Jan 10. [PMID: 1818266] (IHC-P, Human)

Reviews for Carbonic Anhydrase IX/CA9 Antibody (NB100-417) (6)

Average Rating: 4.3

(Based on 6 reviews)

We have 6 reviews tested in 2 species: Human, Mouse.

reviewed by: Lydia Taverne IHC-P Human 01/27/2020

Summary

• Application: Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin
• Sample Tested: Stomach tissue
• Species: Human
• Lot: AK

Comments

• Comments: Used citrate pH 6 antigen retrieval buffer to prepare the tissue. Applied the antibody at 1:250 concentration and detected with an AF546 labelled goat-anti-rabbit secondary antibody. Nuclei detected with DAPI.

reviewed by: Bhavin Shah Mouse 01/23/2019

Summary

• Sample Tested: P15 Mouse Brain
• Species: Mouse
• Lot: AB1

Comments

• Comments: PFA fixed P15 mouse brains were cut 80µm using a vibratome and the sections were blocked in NGS (10%) in PBST (0.3% TritonX100) for 2 hrs at RT and incubated in primary antibody prepared in blocking buffer at 4 degrees overnight. after 3 washes in PBS (10 min each), the sections were stained in alexa-fluor conjugated secondary ab for 2 hrs at RT.

reviewed by: Anonymous IHC-P Mouse 10/25/2017

Summary

• Application: Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin
• Sample Tested: IHC on parrafin sections (mouse)
• Species: Mouse
• Lot: AD-1

reviewed by: rajesha rupaimoole WB Human 12/10/2014

Summary

• Application: Western Blot
• Sample Tested: A2780 ovarian cancer cells
• Species: Human

Blocking

• Blocking Details: 5% BSA

Details

• Detection Notes: ECL

reviewed by: Xiuquan Luo WB Human 07/21/2014

Summary

• Application: Western Blot
• Sample Tested: 20 ug whole cell lysate
• Species: Human

Blocking

• Blocking Details: 1xPBST with 5% non-fat milk, RT 1 hour

Primary Anitbody

• Dilution Ratio: 1xpBST with 5% non-fat milk, overnight 4C, 1:1000 dilution

Secondary Antibody

• Secondary Description: Goat anti-rabbit IgG-HRP
• Secondary Manufacturer Cat#: sc-2004
• Secondary Concentration: 1:2000 dilution

Details

• Detection Notes: ECL, exposured for 3 min

reviewed by: Sonia Rocha ICC Human 12/21/2011

Summary

• Application: Immunocytochemistry
• Sample Tested: Human cells
• Species: Human
• Comments: Really nice results using microscopy.

Blocking

• Blocking Details: Blocking Buffer: 1% Donkey serum PBS, Blocking Time: 30 minutes, Blocking Temp: 20 degrees Celsius

Primary Anitbody

• Dilution Ratio: Incubation Dilution Buffer: PBS/1% Donkey serum, Dilution Ratio: 1:250, Incubation Time: 1 hour, Incubation Temp: 20 C

Secondary Antibody

• Secondary Description: Secondary Ab: anti-rabbit alexa 488, Secondary Ab Dilution: 1:500

Details

• Detection Notes: Detection Visualization Method: fluorescence at 488, Negative Control: secondary and primary only
• Fixation Details: Sample Preparation: PFA fixed

Comments

• Comments: Really nice results using microscopy.

FAQs for Carbonic Anhydrase IX/CA9 Antibody (NB100-417). (Showing 1 - 9 of 9 FAQs).

1. How many units do we need to purchase in order to stain 150 formalin fixed, paraffin embedded kidney biopsies? It depends on the amount used per slide, so could you please confirm how much antibody do you use per slide in IHC-P? Also, is the ab compatible with ENVISION FLEX+, HIGH pH, FOR AS?
   • Unfortunately there is no number that I can provide to you as it is impossible to know for sure how many slides you will be able to stain with a vial. This will depend on your experimental conditions, your samples and how highly expressed the protein is, and what dilution you end up choosing. This antibody is recommended to be used at a 1:1000 dilution for IHC staining as this has worked well for our lab. You should order a single vial and test to determine what amount will be best for your assay rather than order too much or too little without first working with the antibody. As for your second question, that is not something that our lab has tested with so I am unsure if it is compatible or not. It has a fairly normal range pH in the buffer (7-8) so most likely the functions best around that range and not at a high pH.
2. Could you please let me know the immunogen peptide location for this Ab?
   • The immunogen used to create this antibody was made to a cytoplasmic area of the protein.
3. I'm going to use your CA-9 Antibody for paraffin-Immunohistochemistry. Do I have to do any special pretreatments?
   • We recommend antigen retrieval to ensure the epitope is not masked, and we also recommend that you add a permeablizing agent to access the epitope in the nucleus. A protocol specific for this product can be found under Product PDFs, labelled as "IHC Protocol". 
4. We dilute our antibodies in 5% milk TBS-Tween and usually freeze-thaw them multiple times. Is this possible with this antibody when diluted?
   • Freezing is not recommended for NB100-417 under any circumstances. Unfortunately, the antibody would no longer be covered by our guarantee if it was stored at a temperature that did not match our storage instructions. Of course, you are free to test your proposed conditions if you would like, but we would not be able to accept responsibility if the antibody was damaged by this.
5. Is this antibody is carrier-free? If not, do you have a carrier-free version?
   • NB100-417 is carrier protein free, but does contain 0.1% sodium azide. The buffer formulation is: Tris-citrate/phosphate, pH 7-8 with 0.1% sodium azide. The following products are carrier protein and azide free (catalog numbers 23300002, H00000768-B01P and H00000768-D01P). If you would like to use NB100-417, we do offer antibody purification kits to remove unwanted buffer ingredients. See this link here for those products.
6. I have a couple of questions regarding the Carbonic Anhydrase IX Antibody (NB100-417) listed on your website. We are wondering if this antibody is carrier-free, and if not, whether you have a carrier-free version?
   • NB100-417 is carrier protein free but does contain 0.025% sodium azide. The buffer formulation is: PBS with 0.025% sodium azide. The following products are carrier protein and azide free (catalog numbers NBP2-34411, NBP2-34408, and NBP2-33152). If you would like to use NB100-417, we do offer antibody purification kits to remove unwanted buffer ingredients.
7. I am interested in using the CA9 antibody (NB100-417) that you supply. We dilute our antibodies in 5% milk TBS-Tween and usually freeze-thaw them multiple times. Is this possible with this antibody when diluted?
   • I have checked with the lab and they have informed me that freezing is not recommended for NB100-417 under any circumstances. Unfortunately, the antibody would no longer be covered by our guarantee if it was stored at a temperature that did not match our storage instructions. Of course, you are free to test your proposed conditions if you would like, but we would not be able to accept responsibility if the antibody was damaged by this.
8. Could this antibody (CA9) be safely stored at -80C?
   • The recommended storage temperature for NB100-417 is -20C. It may be possible to store this antibody at -80C, but this has not been confirmed by our lab. It is most important to ensure that that antibody does not undergo too many freeze-thaw cycles.
9. What is the predicted theoretical molecular weight of Carbonic Anhydrase IX/CA9 antibodies?
   • The TMW for Carbonic Anhydrase IX/CA9 antibodies is 50 kDa. Please note the observed molecular weight of the protein may vary from the listed predicted molecular weight due to post translational modifications, post translation cleavages, relative charges, and other experimental factors.

Bioinformatics

• Gene Symbol: CA9