Kininogen/Kininostatin/Bradykinin Antibody [Biotin]

Quantification of the kallikrein/kinin proteins FXII, prekallikrein and high molecular weight kininogen (HK). The kallikrein/kinin system was activated as reflected in high consumption of FXII, prekallikrein, and HK. EDTA plasma from COVID-19 patients and controls were analyzed by capillary electrophoresis under reduced SDS-PAGE-like conditions and the specific kallikrein/kinin proteins detected by specific antibodies against FXII, prekallikrein, and HK, respectively (A, D, H). The area under the curves of the scan of the chemiluminescence intensities plotted in the panels (B, E, I) were interpreted to their specific concentration by comparing the value for each peak with a standard curve specific for each protein (C, F, J). The concentration of KK-C1INH complexes were analyzed by sandwich ELISA (panel G). Representative patients and controls are shown in panels (A, B, D, E, H, I). The Mann-Whitney U test was used to calculate differences between the groups. For more details see Materials and Methods. pp, plasma pool; KK, kallikrein; C1INH, C1inhibitor; HK, high molecular weight kininogen. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33692801), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

• Reactivity: Hu
• Applications: WB
• Clonality: Polyclonal
• Host: Goat
• Conjugate: Biotin
• Concentration: LYOPH

Kininogen/Kininostatin/Bradykinin Antibody [Biotin] Summary

• Immunogen: E. coli-derived recombinant human Kininogen/Kininostatin
  Lys438-Ser531
  Accession # P01042
• Specificity: Detects human Kininogen/Kininostatin in Western blots.
• Source: N/A
• Isotype: IgG
• Clonality: Polyclonal
• Host: Goat
• Gene: KNG1
• Purity Statement: Antigen Affinity-purified

Applications/Dilutions

• Dilutions:
  • Western Blot 0.1 ug/mL
• Readout System:
  • Streptavidin Native Protein NBP2-29367
  • Streptavidin Native Protein NBP2-29370
  • Streptavidin Native Protein NBP2-29371

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
• Buffer: Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with BSA as a carrier protein.
• Preservative: No Preservative
• Concentration: LYOPH
• Reconstitution Instructions: Reconstitute at 0.2 mg/mL in sterile PBS.

Notes

This product is produced by and ships from R&D Systems, Inc., a Bio-Techne brand.

Alternate Names for Kininogen/Kininostatin/Bradykinin Antibody [Biotin]

• Alpha-2-thiol proteinase inhibitor
• BDK
• bradykinin
• Fitzgerald factor
• High molecular weight kininogen
• kininogen 1
• kininogen
• Kininogen/Kininostatin
• kininogen-1
• KNGHMWK
• Williams-Fitzgerald-Flaujeac factor

Background

High molecular weight kininogen (HK) is a secreted plasma glycoprotein consisting of six domains (D1 through D6). It binds specifically to endothelial cells and serves as a substrate of plasma kallikrein which releases bradykinin from within D4 of HK. Bradykinin is an active peptide that regulates multiple vascular processes. The resulting cleaved HK, called HKa, is a disulfide-linked dimer containing a heavy chain (D1 to D3) and a light chain (D5 and D6). HKa differs from HK in conformation and possesses new functional properties. It is a potent angiogenesis inhibitor that strongly inhibits endothelial cell proliferation and migration. HKa also induces apoptosis of endothelial cells. D5 of HKa has been shown to be the active region primarily responsible for the HKa anti-angiogenic activity and has been named kininostatin. While both HK and HKa are plasma proteins that are present in circulation, it is not known if kininostatin (D5) can be released from HKa and exist in plasma (1-4).

1. Guo, Y. et al. (2002) International Immunopharmacology 2:1931.
2. Zhang, J. et al. (2000) FASEB 14:2589.
3. Colman, R.W. et al. (2000) Blood 95(2): 543.
4. Guo, Y. et al. (2001) Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 21:1427.

Limitations

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.

Publications for Kininogen/Kininostatin/Bradykinin Antibody (BAF1396)(1)

Publication using BAF1396

• Miklós Lipcsey, Barbro Persson, Oskar Eriksson, Anna M. Blom, Karin Fromell, Michael Hultström et al. The Outcome of Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients Is Linked to Thromboinflammation Dominated by the Kallikrein/Kinin System Frontiers in Immunology 2021-02-22 [PMID: 33692801]

Bioinformatics

• Gene Symbol: KNG1
• Uniprot:
  • P01042()