Recombinant Human AgRP Protein

• Reactivity: Hu
• Applications: Bioactivity

Recombinant Human AgRP Protein Summary

• Details of Functionality: Bioassay data are not available.
• Source: Spodoptera frugiperda, Sf 21 (baculovirus)-derived human AgRP/ART protein
  Ala21-Thr132 & Leu47-Thr132, both with a C-terminal 6-His tag
• Accession #: O00253
• N-terminal Sequence: Ala21 & Leu47
• Protein/Peptide Type: Recombinant Proteins
• Gene: AGRP
• Purity: >90%, by SDS-PAGE visualized with Silver Staining and quantitative densitometry by Coomassie® Blue Staining.
• Endotoxin Note: <0.10 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.

Applications/Dilutions

• Theoretical MW: 13.3 kDa.
  Disclaimer note: The observed molecular weight of the protein may vary from the listed predicted molecular weight due to post translational modifications, post translation cleavages, relative charges, and other experimental factors.
• SDS-PAGE: 14-19 kDa, reducing conditions

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
• Buffer: Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with BSA as a carrier protein.
• Purity: >90%, by SDS-PAGE visualized with Silver Staining and quantitative densitometry by Coomassie® Blue Staining.
• Reconstitution Instructions: Reconstitute at 10 μg/mL in sterile PBS containing at least 0.1% human or bovine serum albumin.

Notes

This product is produced by and ships from R&D Systems, Inc., a Bio-Techne brand.

Alternate Names for Recombinant Human AgRP Protein

• agouti related protein homolog (mouse)
• agouti-related protein
• AgRP
• Agrt
• AGRTMGC118963
• ART
• ARTagouti (mouse) related protein
• ASIP2

Background

Agouti-Related Protein (AgRP), the protein product of the Agouti-Related Transcript (ART), is a neuropeptide that regulates energy metabolism and the development of obesity by antagonizing alpha -melanocyte stimulating hormone ( alpha -MSH) on MC-3 and MC-4 receptors (1-4). AgRP is predominantly expressed in the hypothalamus and adrenal medulla (5). Mature human AgRP is a 112 amino acid (aa) peptide; its C-terminal portion contains ten conserved cysteines that form five disulfide bonds (5, 6). Human AgRP shares 82% and 72% aa sequence identity with mouse and rat AgRP, respectively. It shares 32% aa sequence identity with Agouti. As in the case of Agouti, the C-terminal cysteine-rich region is sufficient for biological activity (7). AgRP is 100 times more potent than Agouti in antagonizing MC-3 and MC-4 receptors (8). AgRP also induces the beta -arrestin dependent endocytosis of MC-3 and MC-4 (9). Hypothalamic expression of AgRP is up-regulated in obesity and diabetes (5, 10), and chronic AgRP administration increases food intake and weight gain in rats (11). Genetically-linked polymorphisms of AgRP in humans are associated with susceptibility to anorexia nervosa (12, 13). In addition, AgRP inhibits the ACTH-induced synthesis of steroid hormones in a mechanism that does not involve melanocortin receptors (14).

1. Martin, N.M. et al. (2006) Peptides 27:333.
2. Fan, W. et al. (1997) Nature 385:165.
3. Ollmann, M.M. et al. (1997) Science 278:135.
4. Arora, S. and Anubhuti (2006) Neuropeptides 40:375.
5. Shutter, J.R. et al. (1997) Genes Develop. 11:593.
6. Kiefer, L.L. et al. (1998) Biochemistry 37:991.
7. Jackson, P.J. et al. (2002) Biochemistry 41:7565.
8. Fong, T.M. et al. (1997) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 237:629.
9. Breit, A. et al. (2006) J. Biol. Chem. 281:37447.
10. Katsuki, A. et al. (2001) J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 86:1921.
11. Small, C.K. et al. (2001) Diabetes 50:248.
12. Vink, T. et al. (2001) Mol. Psychiatry 6:325.
13. Dardennes, R.M. et al. (2007) Psychoneuroendocrinology 32:106.
14. Doghman, M. et al. (2007) Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 265-266:108.

Publications for AgRP/ART (704-AG)(2)

Publications using 704-AG

• I Mosialou, S Shikhel, JM Liu, A Maurizi, N Luo, Z He, Y Huang, H Zong, RA Friedman, J Barasch, P Lanzano, L Deng, RL Leibel, M Rubin, T Nicholas, W Chung, LM Zeltser, KW Williams, JE Pessin, S Kousteni MC4R-dependent suppression of appetite by bone-derived lipocalin 2 Nature, 2017;543(7645):385-390. 2017 [PMID: 28273060] (Ctrl, Human)
• Xiao E, Kim AJ, Dutia R Effects of estradiol on cerebrospinal fluid levels of agouti-related protein in ovariectomized rhesus monkeys. Endocrinology, 2010;151(3):1002-9. 2010 [PMID: 20056830] (HPLC Standard, N/A)

Bioinformatics

• Gene Symbol: AGRP
• Entrez:
  • 181(Human)
  • 11604(Mouse)
• Uniprot:
  • O00253()