Tyrosine Hydroxylase Antibody

Images

 
Western Blot: Tyrosine Hydroxylase Antibody [NB300-110] - Analysis of rat caudate lysate showing specific immunolabeling of the ~60 kDa tyrosine hydroxylase protein.
Western Blot: Tyrosine Hydroxylase Antibody [NB300-110] - Mice were injected with PBS (control group) or the dopaminergic neurotoxin MPTP. There is low concentration of TH in the striatum of mouse injected with MPTP. 30 ...read more
Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence: Tyrosine Hydroxylase Antibody [NB300-110] - Alpha-Synuclein overexpression or intracerebral seeding impacts the dopaminergic system. Increased levels of ser129-phosphosynuclein ...read more
Immunohistochemistry: Tyrosine Hydroxylase Antibody [NB300-110] - Mouse cryo-sections. Antibody at 1:500. Secondary antibody: dk-anti-sp Alexa Fluor488 at 1:500; 1 h. IHC image submitted by a verified customer review.
Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence: Tyrosine Hydroxylase Antibody [NB300-110] - Nmnat by itself does not protect dopaminergic neurons from MPP+ toxicity. Similar transduction efficiencies of the different ...read more
Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: Tyrosine Hydroxylase Antibody [NB300-110] - Sagittal section of Pleurodeles waltl (amphibian) brain. The cell bodies of dopaminergic neurons in ventral tegmental area and dopaminergic ...read more
Immunohistochemistry: Tyrosine Hydroxylase Antibody [NB300-110] - Immunohistochemistry analysis of gelatin section of mouse brain (substantia nigra pars compacta) using Tyrosine Hydroxylase antibody. IHC image submitted ...read more

Product Details

Summary
Reactivity Hu, Mu, Rt, Am, Av, Ma, Rb, ReSpecies Glossary
Applications WB, ICC/IF, IHC, IHC-Fr, IHC-P, IHC-FrFl, Single-Cell Western
Clonality
Polyclonal
Host
Sheep
Conjugate
Unconjugated
Concentration
0.15 mg/ml

Order Details

Tyrosine Hydroxylase Antibody Summary

Immunogen
SDS-denatured, native rat tyrosine hydroxylase purified from pheochromocytoma.
Localization
NB300-110 can be used as a marker for dopaminergic and noradrenergic neurons.
Marker
Neuronal Marker
Specificity
Specific for the ~60 kDa tyrosine hydroxylase protein.
Isotype
IgG
Clonality
Polyclonal
Host
Sheep
Gene
TH
Purity
Antigen Affinity-purified
Innovator's Reward
Test in a species/application not listed above to receive a full credit towards a future purchase.

Applications/Dilutions

Dilutions
  • Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence
  • Immunohistochemistry Free-Floating
  • Immunohistochemistry 1:10 - 1:500
  • Immunohistochemistry-Frozen 1:1000
  • Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin
  • Single Cell Western
  • Western Blot 1:1000
Application Notes
Immunocytochemistry use reported in literature (PMID 21694758). Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin use reported in literature (PMID 23690557) and customer review. Use in Immunohistochemistry free-floating reported in scientific literature (PMID 26553597).
Theoretical MW
60 kDa.
Disclaimer note: The observed molecular weight of the protein may vary from the listed predicted molecular weight due to post translational modifications, post translation cleavages, relative charges, and other experimental factors.
Control
Human Brain Postcentral Gyrus Whole Tissue Lysate (Adult Whole Normal)
Human Eye Whole Tissue Lysate (Adult Whole Normal)
Reviewed Applications
Read 5 Reviews rated 5
using
NB300-110 in the following applications:

Publications
Read Publications using
NB300-110 in the following applications:

Reactivity Notes

The antibody recognizes all mammalian and at least some non-mammalian forms of the enzyme in Western blot and in IHC/IF. Amphibian reactivity reported in scientific literature (PMID: 28867550).

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

Storage
Store at -20C. Avoid freeze-thaw cycles.
Buffer
10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 0.15 M NaCl, 0.1 mg/mL BSA, 50% Glycerol
Preservative
No Preservative
Concentration
0.15 mg/ml
Purity
Antigen Affinity-purified

Alternate Names for Tyrosine Hydroxylase Antibody

  • DYT14
  • DYT5b
  • EC 1.14.16
  • EC 1.14.16.2
  • TH
  • TYH dystonia 14
  • TYH
  • Tyrosine 3-hydroxylase
  • tyrosine 3-monooxygenase
  • Tyrosine Hydroxylase

Background

The tetrameric enzyme tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), also designated as tyrosine 3-monooxygenase (TY3H), is the rate-limiting enzyme for catecholamine biosynthesis and has a theoretical molecular weight of 60 kDa. Encoded by the TH gene, TH catalyzes the conversion of the amino acid L-tyrosine to L-3,4- dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-dopa) in the central nervous system and adrenal medulla. The precursor of catecholamines, L-dopa, is converted to dopamine for use in the biosynthesis of neurotransmitters norepinephrine (noradrenaline) and epinephrine (adrenaline) (1) . Dysfunction in the TH gene, and thus the enzymatic activity by TH, dysregulates catecholamine synthesis.

Two transcription factor binding sites in the proximal region of the TH gene, the TPA-responsive element (TRE) and the c-AMP responsive element (CRE), have been implicated in the complex regulation of the TH gene. Dysregulation of breakdown for the amino acid, tyrosine, by TH is a result of a genetic disorder that results in Tyrosinemia (high levels of tyrosine in the blood, tissue and organs).

Tyrosine hydroxylase deficiency is a disorder that primarily affects movement, where individuals display symptoms that include lack of coordination when walking, postural tremors and unusual body positioning. TH deficient dopamine-responsive dystonia (DRD), also known as Segawa syndrome, is a rare genetic disorder that is associated with low levels of TH and is diagnosed during childhood with characteristic symptoms including increased muscle tone (dystonia) and signs of Parkinsonism like bradykinesia, tremors, rigidity and postural instability (2). Correspondingly, TH is also linked to Parkinson's disease in older adults, where low dopamine levels are a consistent neurochemical abnormality. Functional polymorphisms of the TH gene may be involved in the pathogenesis of neuropsychiatric diseases such as schizophrenia and other affective disorders where dopamine is often dysregulated (3).

References

1. Hamanaka, Y., & Mizunami, M. (2019). Tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactive neurons in the mushroom body of the field cricket, Gryllus bimaculatus. Cell Tissue Res, 376(1), 97-111. doi:10.1007/s00441-018-2969-9

2. Li, L., & Zhou, F. M. (2013). Parallel dopamine D1 receptor activity dependence of l-Dopa-induced normal movement and dyskinesia in mice. Neuroscience, 236, 66-76. doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2012.12.065

3. Borkar, C. D., Bharne, A. P., Nagalakshmi, B., Sakharkar, A. J., Subhedar, N. K., & Kokare, D. M. (2018). Cocaine- and Amphetamine-Regulated Transcript Peptide (CART) Alleviates MK-801-Induced Schizophrenic Dementia-Like Symptoms. Neuroscience, 375, 94-107. doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2018.01.056

Limitations

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.

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Publications for Tyrosine Hydroxylase Antibody (NB300-110)(84)

We have publications tested in 7 confirmed species: Human, Mouse, Rat, Amphibian, Avian, Finch, Reptile.

We have publications tested in 6 applications: ICC/IF, IHC, IHC-Fr, IHC-FrFl, IHC-P, WB.


Filter By Application
ICC/IF
(27)
IHC
(18)
IHC-Fr
(10)
IHC-FrFl
(1)
IHC-P
(5)
WB
(2)
All Applications
Filter By Species
Human
(7)
Mouse
(34)
Rat
(8)
Amphibian
(1)
Avian
(8)
Finch
(1)
Reptile
(3)
All Species
Showing Publications 1 - 10 of 84. Show All 84 Publications.
Publications using NB300-110 Applications Species
Brandon A, Cui X, Luan W et al. Prenatal hypoxia alters the early ontogeny of dopamine neurons Translational psychiatry 2022-06-07 [PMID: 35672280] (IHC, Mouse) IHC Mouse
Pertile R, Kiltschewskij D, Geaghan M et al. Developmental Vitamin D-Deficiency Increases the Expression of MicroRNAs Involved in Dopamine Neuron Development SSRN Electronic Journal 2022-02-09 [PMID: 35642827]
Kameneva P, Melnikova VI, Kastriti ME et al. Serotonin limits generation of chromaffin cells during adrenal organ development Nature communications 2022-05-25 [PMID: 35614045] (IHC-Fr, Mouse, Rat) IHC-Fr Mouse, Rat
Arotcarena ML, Soria FN, Cunha A et al. Acidic nanoparticles protect against alpha-synuclein-induced neurodegeneration through the restoration of lysosomal function Aging cell 2022-03-23 [PMID: 35318803] (IHC, Mouse) IHC Mouse
Kabelik D, Julien AR, Waddell BR et al. Aggressive but not reproductive boldness in male green anole lizards correlates with baseline vasopressin activity Hormones and behavior 2022-01-20 [PMID: 35066329] (IHC, Reptile) IHC Reptile
Barr HJ, Wall EM, Woolley SC Dopamine in the songbird auditory cortex shapes auditory preference Current biology : CB 2021-08-20 [PMID: 34450091]
Xiang C, Chen P, Zhang Q et al. Intestinal microbiota modulates adrenomedullary response through Nod1 sensing in chromaffin cells iScience 2021-08-01 [PMID: 34381974] (IHC-P) IHC-P
Kameneva P, Artemov AV, Kastriti ME et al. Single-cell transcriptomics of human embryos identifies multiple sympathoblast lineages with potential implications for neuroblastoma origin Nature genetics 2021-04-08 [PMID: 33833454]
Hong J, Adam RJ, Gao L et al. Macrophage activation in stellate ganglia contributes to lung injury-induced arrhythmogenesis in male rats Acta physiologica (Oxford, England) 2021-04-05 [PMID: 33817984]
Evans RC, Twedell EL, Zhu M et al. Functional Dissection of Basal Ganglia Inhibitory Inputs onto Substantia Nigra Dopaminergic Neurons Cell Rep 2020-09-15 [PMID: 32937133] (ICC/IF, Mouse) ICC/IF Mouse
Show All 84 Publications.

Reviews for Tyrosine Hydroxylase Antibody (NB300-110) (5) 55

Average Rating: 5
(Based on 5 reviews)
We have 5 reviews tested in 2 species: Mouse, Pleurodeles waltl.

Reviews using NB300-110:
Filter by Applications
IHC-P
(1)
WB
(1)
ICC
(1)
IF
(2)
All Applications
Filter by Species
Mouse
(4)
Pleurodeles waltl
(1)
All Species
Images Ratings Applications Species Date Details
Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin Tyrosine Hydroxylase NB300-110
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5
reviewed by:
Verified Customer
IHC-P Pleurodeles waltl 07/03/2019
View

Summary

ApplicationImmunohistochemistry-Paraffin
Sample Testedbrain section
SpeciesPleurodeles waltl
Lotajo1217p
Western Blot Tyrosine Hydroxylase NB300-110
Enlarge
5
reviewed by:
Verified Customer
WB Mouse 10/17/2018
View

Summary

ApplicationWestern Blot
Sample TestedBrain (corpus striatum)
SpeciesMouse
Lotajo109

Comments

CommentsIt works very well at 1:3,000 dilution when loading gels with 30 ug of protein extracts.
Immunocytochemistry Tyrosine Hydroxylase NB300-110
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5
reviewed by:
Verified Customer
ICC Mouse 05/19/2017
View

Summary

ApplicationImmunocytochemistry
Sample TestedBrain (substantia nigra)
SpeciesMouse
Lotajo0516o
  5
reviewed by:
Viktoria Knoflach
IF Mouse 08/05/2016
View

Summary

ApplicationImmunofluorescence
Sample Testedembryonic mouse stomach
SpeciesMouse
Immunofluorescence Tyrosine Hydroxylase NB300-110
Enlarge
5
reviewed by:
Luana Barone
IF Mouse 10/23/2014
View

Summary

ApplicationImmunofluorescence
Sample TestedGelatin Section of Mouse Brain (substantia nigra pars compacta)
SpeciesMouse
LotAJ0214B

Product General Protocols

Find general support by application which include: protocols, troubleshooting, illustrated assays, videos and webinars.

Video Protocols

WB Video Protocol
ICC/IF Video Protocol

FAQs for Tyrosine Hydroxylase Antibody (NB300-110). (Showing 1 - 1 of 1 FAQs).

  1. On the NOVUS website, it showed that NB300-110 could be used to detect Tyrosine Hydroxylase in mammal by IHC-P experiment. Our customer would like to know whether it can be used on dog or not. We are looking forward to your nice help.
    • The immunogen which was used to generate our Tyrosine Hydroxylase antibody with catalogue number NB300-110 was native rat Tyrosine Hydroxylase that was purified from pheochromocytoma. The antibody recognizes all mammalian forms of the enzyme in Western blots and in IHC/IF, however we do not have any data from dog that I can share with you at the present time.

Control Lysate(s)

Secondary Antibodies

 

Isotype Controls

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Bioinformatics Tool for Tyrosine Hydroxylase Antibody (NB300-110)

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Blogs on Tyrosine Hydroxylase.

Successful Transplantation of Friedreich Ataxia Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell (iPSC)-Derived Sensory Neurons in Dorsal Root Ganglia of Adult Rodents
Jamshed Arslan, Pharm D, PhD The dorsal root ganglia (DRG) are a collection of cell bodies of sensory nerves carrying sensory information – including nociception, mechanoreception and proprioception – from periphera...  Read full blog post.

The identification of dopaminergic neurons using Tyrosine Hydroxylase in Parkinson's research and LRRK2
Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) is a crucial enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of dopamine, norepinephrine and epinephrine in the brain.  Specifically, TH catalyzes the conversion of l-tyrosine to l-dihydroxyphenylalanine (l-dopa).  The importance of t...  Read full blog post.

Tyrosine hydroxylase - a marker for dopaminergic neurons in the central nervous system
Tyrosine hydroxylase is a member of the aromatic amino acid hydroxylase (AAAH) family.  It is expressed throughout the central nervous system (CNS) and catalyzes the conversion of tyrosine to L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA), which can be, thr...  Read full blog post.

Tyrosine Hydroxylase - rate-limiting enzyme in catecholamine synthesis
Catecholamines are tyrosine-derived hormones that are produced in the adrenal gland. They include epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine and are used as neurotransmitters by the central and peripheral nervous system. The rate limiting enzyme in ...  Read full blog post.

A Big Guy for the Catecholamine Synthesis - Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)
In the synthesis pathway for the catecholamines - dopamine, epinephrine, and norepinephrine, tyrosine hydroxylase is the rate-limiting enzyme. Through alternative mRNA splicing, a wide molecular diversity of TH isoforms are generated that are tissue-s...  Read full blog post.

Tyrosine Hydroxylase Deficiencies and Neurodegeneration
Tyrosine hydroxylase is the rate-limiting enzyme in the synthesis pathway of the catecholamines dopamine, epinephrine, and norepinephrine. Alternative mRNA splicing generates a wide molecular diversity of TH isoforms that are tissue specific and produ...  Read full blog post.

Tyrosine Hydroxylase Deficiency and Brain Disorders
 Tyrosine hydroxylase catalyzes the rate-limiting step in the biosynthesis of the catecholamines dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine. A hallmark of Parkinson's disease is the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Mutations in cas...  Read full blog post.

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Recent Reviews

5
5
5
4
0
3
0
2
0
1
0

Verified Customer
07/03/2019
Application: IHC-P
Species: Pleurodeles waltl

Verified Customer
10/17/2018
Application: WB
Species: Mouse

Verified Customer
05/19/2017
Application: ICC
Species: Mouse

Bioinformatics

Gene Symbol TH
Entrez
Uniprot