Recombinant Mouse Amphiregulin Protein

• Reactivity: Mu
• Applications: Bioactivity

Recombinant Mouse Amphiregulin Protein Summary

• Details of Functionality: Measured in a cell proliferation assay using Balb/3T3 mouse embryonic fibroblast cells. Marquardt, H. et al. (1984) Science 223:1079. The ED₅₀ for this effect is 5-20 ng/mL.
• Source: E. coli-derived mouse Amphiregulin protein
  Ser94-Lys191
• Accession #: Q4FJT2
• N-terminal Sequence: Ser94
• Protein/Peptide Type: Recombinant Proteins
• Gene: Areg
• Purity: >97%, by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by silver stain
• Endotoxin Note: <0.10 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.

Applications/Dilutions

• Dilutions:
  • Bioactivity
• Theoretical MW: 11.3 kDa.
  Disclaimer note: The observed molecular weight of the protein may vary from the listed predicted molecular weight due to post translational modifications, post translation cleavages, relative charges, and other experimental factors.

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
• Buffer: Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with BSA as a carrier protein.
• Purity: >97%, by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by silver stain
• Reconstitution Instructions: Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile PBS containing at least 0.1% human or bovine serum albumin.

Notes

This product is produced by and ships from R&D Systems, Inc., a Bio-Techne brand.

Alternate Names for Recombinant Mouse Amphiregulin Protein

• Amphiregulin
• AR
• AREG
• AREGB
• Colorectum cell-derived growth factor
• CRDGF
• MGC13647
• schwannoma-derived growth factor
• SDGF

Background

Amphiregulin (AR), also known as Schwannoma-derived growth factor (SDGF), is a member of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) family of growth factors which includes, AR, EGF, transforming growth factor-a (TGF-a), heparin binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF), betacellulin (BTC), epiregulin, and the neuregulins-1 through -4. All EGF family members are synthesized as type I transmembrane precursors and contain one or several EGF domains in their extracellular region. The bioactive form of the proteins is released by proteolytic cleavage. The ErbB family of receptors that includes ErbB1 - B4, mediates the biological activities of the EGF family ligands. AR was originally isolated from the conditioned media of PMA-treated MCF-7 human breast carcinoma cell line. AR mRNA expression can be detected in numerous carcinoma cell lines and in the epithelial cells of various human tissues including colon, stomach, breast, ovary and kidney. AR stimulates the proliferation of keratinocytes, mammary epithelial cells, fibroblasts, astrocytes and glial cells. AR is also a growth inhibitor for certain tumor cells. The gene for AR has been mapped to human chromosome 4q13-q21 and mouse chromosome 5. Human and mouse AR cDNA encode 252 and 248 amino acid residue type I membrane proteins, respectively. The two proteins share approximately 69% sequence identity. Mouse AR also shares 81% amino acid sequence homology with rat AR. Several secreted isoforms of AR that vary in length and/or glycosylation level can be found in cell conditioned media. The 98 amino acid residue recombinant AR has better receptor binding and biological activity than the C-terminal truncated forms of the protein.

1. Thompson, S.A. et al. (1996) J. Biol. Chem. 271:17927.
2. Sonoda, H. et al. (1992) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 185:103.
3. Normanno, N. et al. (2001) Frontiers in Bioscience 6:685.

Publications for Amphiregulin (989-AR)(28)

Publications using 989-AR

• Lim, M;Kim, T;Kim, H;Jang, BG;Myung, JK;Kim, HY; Esophageal ILC2s mediate abnormal epithelial remodeling in eosinophilic esophagitis via Areg-EGFR signaling Cellular and Molecular Immunology 2024-12-09 [PMID: 39653767] (In vivo assay, Transgenic Mouse)
• Nachmany, I;Nevo, S;Edelheit, S;Sarusi-Portuguez, A;Friedlander, G;Salame, TM;Pavlov, V;Yakubovsky, O;Pencovich, N; Myeloid derived suppressor cells mediate hepatocyte proliferation and immune suppression during liver regeneration following resection Genes and immunity 2024-11-02 [PMID: 39488626] (Bioassay, Human)
• Loffredo, LF;Surpur, A;Ringham, OR;Li, F;de Los Santos-Alexis, K;Arpaia, N; Heparan sulfate regulates amphiregulin signaling towards reparative lung mesenchymal cells during influenza A infection bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology 2024-04-28 [PMID: 38712053] (Bioassay, Mouse)
• Uddin, MJ;Thompson, B;Leslie, JL;Fishman, C;Sol-Church, K;Kumar, P;Petri, WA; Investigating the impact of antibiotic-induced dysbiosis on protection from Clostridium difficile colitis by mouse colonic innate lymphoid cells mBio 2024-02-20 [PMID: 38376154] (In Vivo, Mouse)
• Han, SM;Park, ES;Park, J;Nahmgoong, H;Choi, YH;Oh, J;Yim, KM;Lee, WT;Lee, YK;Jeon, YG;Shin, KC;Huh, JY;Choi, SH;Park, J;Kim, JK;Kim, JB; Unique adipose tissue invariant natural killer T cell subpopulations control adipocyte turnover in mice Nature communications 2023-12-21 [PMID: 38129377] (In vivo assay, Mouse, Transgenic Mouse)
• Gong, X;Shen, L;Zhang, H;Ai, J;Gilchrist, RB;Zhao, Y; CAPA-IVM improves the cytoplasmic quality of in vitro-matured oocytes from unstimulated mice Theriogenology 2023-09-07 [PMID: 37717515] (In vitro, Mouse)
• Kim, YS;Yuan, J;Dewar, A;Borg, JP;Threadgill, DW;Sun, X;Dey, SK; An unanticipated discourse of HB-EGF with VANGL2 signaling during embryo implantation Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2023-05-16 [PMID: 37155852] (Bioassay, Mouse)
• YC Wang, XX Leng, CB Zhou, SY Lu, CK Tsang, J Xu, MM Zhang, HM Chen, JY Fang Non-enzymatic role of SOD1 in intestinal stem cell growth Cell Death & Disease, 2022-10-20;13(10):882. 2022-10-20 [PMID: 36266264] (Bioassay, Mouse)
• M von Joest, C Chen, T Douché, J Chantrel, A Chiche, QG Gianetto, M Matondo, H Li Amphiregulin mediates non-cell-autonomous effect of senescence on reprogramming Oncogene, 2022-07-12;40(2):111074. 2022-07-12 [PMID: 35830812] (In Vivo, Mouse)
• J Sugita, K Fujiu, Y Nakayama, T Matsubara, J Matsuda, T Oshima, Y Liu, Y Maru, E Hasumi, T Kojima, H Seno, K Asano, A Ishijima, N Tomii, M Yamazaki, F Kudo, I Sakuma, R Nagai, I Manabe, I Komuro Cardiac macrophages prevent sudden death during heart stress Nature Communications, 2021-03-26;12(1):1910. 2021-03-26 [PMID: 33771995] (Bioassay, Human, Mouse)
• JH Ko, HJ Kim, HJ Jeong, HJ Lee, JY Oh Mesenchymal Stem and Stromal Cells Harness Macrophage-Derived Amphiregulin to Maintain Tissue Homeostasis Cell Rep, 2020-03-17;30(11):3806-3820.e6. 2020-03-17 [PMID: 32187551] (In Vivo, Mouse)
• SP Kubli, C Bassi, C Roux, A Wakeham, C Göbl, W Zhou, SM Jafari, B Snow, L Jones, L Palomero, KL Thu, L Cassetta, D Soong, T Berger, P Ramachandr, SP Baniasadi, G Duncan, M Lindzen, Y Yarden, C Herranz, C Lazaro, MF Chu, J Haight, P Tinto, J Silvester, DW Cescon, A Petit, S Pettersson, JW Pollard, TW Mak, MA Pujana, P Cappello, C Gorrini AhR controls redox homeostasis and shapes the tumor microenvironment in BRCA1-associated breast cancer Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 2019-02-07;0(0):. 2019-02-07 [PMID: 30733286] (Bioassay, Mouse)
• SPH Mao, M Park, RM Cabrera, JR Christin, GS Karagianni, MH Oktay, DMW Zaiss, SI Abrams, W Guo, JS Condeelis, PA Kenny, JE Segall Loss of amphiregulin reduces myoepithelial cell coverage of mammary ducts and alters breast tumor growth Breast Cancer Res., 2018-10-26;20(1):131. 2018-10-26 [PMID: 30367629] (Bioassay, Mouse)
• M Koeppen, JW Lee, SW Seo, KS Brodsky, S Kreth, IV Yang, PM Buttrick, T Eckle, HK Eltzschig Hypoxia-inducible factor 2-alpha-dependent induction of amphiregulin dampens myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury Nat Commun, 2018-02-26;9(1):816. 2018-02-26 [PMID: 29483579] (In Vivo, Mouse)
• H Kitasaka, T Kawai, SAM Hoque, T Umehara, Y Fujita, M Shimada Inductions of granulosa cell luteinization and cumulus expansion are dependent on the fibronectin-integrin pathway during ovulation process in mice PLoS ONE, 2018-02-08;13(2):e0192458. 2018-02-08 [PMID: 29420611] (Bioassay, Mouse)
• LJ Martin, SB Smith, A Khoutorsky, CA Magnussen, A Samoshkin, RE Sorge, C Cho, N Yosefpour, S Sivaselvac, S Tohyama, T Cole, TM Khuong, E Mir, DG Gibson, JS Wieskopf, SG Sotocinal, JS Austin, CB Meloto, JH Gitt, C Gkogkas, N Sonenberg, JD Greenspan, RB Fillingim, R Ohrbach, GD Slade, C Knott, R Dubner, AG Nackley, A Ribeiro-da, GG Neely, W Maixner, DV Zaykin, JS Mogil, L Diatchenko Epiregulin and EGFR interactions are involved in pain processing J. Clin. Invest., 2017-08-07;0(0):. 2017-08-07 [PMID: 28783046] (In Vivo, Mouse)
• S Taverna, M Pucci, M Giallombar, MA Di Bella, M Santarpia, P Reclusa, I Gil-Bazo, C Rolfo, R Alessandro Amphiregulin contained in NSCLC-exosomes induces osteoclast differentiation through the activation of EGFR pathway Sci Rep, 2017-06-09;7(1):3170. 2017-06-09 [PMID: 28600504] (Bioassay, Mouse)
• T Venkataram, C Coleman, M Frieman Overactive EGFR Signaling Leads to Increased Fibrosis After SARS-CoV Infection J. Virol., 2017-05-26;0(0):. 2017-05-26 [PMID: 28404843] (In Vivo, Mouse)
• K Fujiu, M Shibata, Y Nakayama, F Ogata, S Matsumoto, K Noshita, S Iwami, S Nakae, I Komuro, R Nagai, I Manabe A heart-brain-kidney network controls adaptation to cardiac stress through tissue macrophage activation Nat. Med., 2017-04-10;23(5):611-622. 2017-04-10 [PMID: 28394333] (In Vivo, Mouse)
• WJ Jiang, HX Song, SY Li, B Guo, JF Wu, GP Li, DD Guo, L Shi, HS Bi, JB Jonas Amphiregulin Antibody and Reduction of Axial Elongation in Experimental Myopia EBioMedicine, 2017-02-23;0(0):. 2017-02-23 [PMID: 28256400] (Neutralization, Guinea Pig)
• Progesterone-Based Therapy Protects Against Influenza by Promoting Lung Repair and Recovery in Females PLoS Pathog, 2016-09-15;12(9):e1005840. 2016-09-15 [PMID: 27631986] (In Vivo, Mouse)
• Bone Marrow CD11c+ Cell-Derived Amphiregulin Promotes Pulmonary Fibrosis J Immunol, 2016-05-20;0(0):. 2016-05-20 [PMID: 27206766] (Bioassay, Mouse)
• Zhang C, Spevak W, Zhang Y, Burton E, Ma Y, Habets G, Zhang J, Lin J, Ewing T, Matusow B, Tsang G, Marimuthu A, Cho H, Wu G, Wang W, Fong D, Nguyen H, Shi S, Womack P, Nespi M, Shellooe R, Carias H, Powell B, Light E, Sanftner L, Walters J, Tsai J, West B, Visor G, Rezaei H, Lin P, Nolop K, Ibrahim P, Hirth P, Bollag G RAF inhibitors that evade paradoxical MAPK pathway activation. Nature, 2015-10-14;526(7574):583-6. 2015-10-14 [PMID: 26466569] (Bioassay, Mouse)
• Harada M, Kamimura D, Arima Y, Kohsaka H, Nakatsuji Y, Nishida M, Atsumi T, Meng J, Bando H, Singh R, Sabharwal L, Jiang J, Kumai N, Miyasaka N, Sakoda S, Yamauchi-Takihara K, Ogura H, Hirano T, Murakami M Temporal expression of growth factors triggered by epiregulin regulates inflammation development. J Immunol, 2015-01-02;194(3):1039-46. 2015-01-02 [PMID: 25556244] (Bioassay, Mouse)
• Burzyn D, Kuswanto W, Kolodin D, Shadrach J, Cerletti M, Jang Y, Sefik E, Tan T, Wagers A, Benoist C, Mathis D A special population of regulatory T cells potentiates muscle repair. Cell, 2013-12-05;155(6):1282-95. 2013-12-05 [PMID: 24315098] (In Vivo, Mouse)
• Pawar S, Starosvetsky E, Orvis G, Behringer R, Bagchi I, Bagchi M STAT3 regulates uterine epithelial remodeling and epithelial-stromal crosstalk during implantation. Mol Endocrinol, 2013-10-07;27(12):1996-2012. 2013-10-07 [PMID: 24100212] (Bioassay, Mouse)
• Manzo , Nicholas, Foster , W Michae, Stripp , Barry R Amphiregulin-dependent mucous cell metaplasia in a model of nonallergic lung injury. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol, 2012-04-05;47(3):349-57. 2012-04-05 [PMID: 22493011] (Bioassay, Mouse)
• Monticelli LA, Sonnenberg GF, Abt MC Innate lymphoid cells promote lung-tissue homeostasis after infection with influenza virus. Nat. Immunol., 2011-11-01;12(11):1045-54. 2011-11-01 [PMID: 21946417] (Bioassay, In Vivo, Mouse)

Bioinformatics

• Gene Symbol: Areg
• Uniprot:
  • Q4FJT2()