GDF-11/BMP-11 Antibody (937320) [Unconjugated]

GDF-11/BMP-11 was detected in immersion fixed HEK293 human embryonic kidney cell line transfected with GDF-11 using Mouse Anti-Human GDF-11/BMP-11 Monoclonal Antibody (Catalog # MAB19583) at 10 µg/mL for 3 hours at room temperature. Cells were stained using the NorthernLights™ 557-conjugated Anti-Mouse IgG Secondary Antibody (red; Catalog # NL007) and counterstained with DAPI (blue). Specific staining was localized to cytoplasm. View our protocol for Fluorescent ICC Staining of Cells on Coverslips.

• Reactivity: Hu
• Applications: ICC/IF
• Clone: 937320
• Clonality: Monoclonal
• Host: Mouse
• Conjugate: Unconjugated

GDF-11/BMP-11 Antibody (937320) [Unconjugated] Summary

• Immunogen: E. coli-derived recombinant human GDF‑11/BMP‑11
  Asn299-Ser407
  Accession # O95390
• Specificity: Detects human GDF‑11/BMP‑11 in direct ELISAs.
• Source: N/A
• Isotype: IgG2b
• Clonality: Monoclonal
• Host: Mouse
• Gene: GDF11
• Purity Statement: Protein A or G purified from hybridoma culture supernatant

Applications/Dilutions

• Dilutions:
  • Immunocytochemistry 8-25 ug/mL

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
• Buffer: Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with Trehalose. *Small pack size (SP) is supplied either lyophilized or as a 0.2 µm filtered solution in PBS.
• Preservative: No Preservative
• Reconstitution Instructions: Reconstitute at 0.5 mg/mL in sterile PBS.

Notes

This product is produced by and ships from R&D Systems, Inc., a Bio-Techne brand.

Alternate Names for GDF-11/BMP-11 Antibody (937320) [Unconjugated]

• BMP11
• BMP-11
• BMP-11BMP11Bone morphogenetic protein 11
• GDF11
• GDF-11
• growth differentiation factor 11
• growth/differentiation factor 11

Background

Growth Differentiation Factor 11 (GDF-11), also known as BMP-11, is a member of the TGF-beta superfamily and is highly related to GDF-8. GDF-11 encodes a 407 amino acid (aa) prepropeptide which contains a signal sequence for secretion and an RXXR proteolytic processing site to yield a 109 aa residue carboxy-terminal mature protein (1). Mature GDF-11 contains the canonical 7-cysteine motif common to other TGF-beta superfamily members; however, like the TGF-beta s, Activins and GDF-8, GDF-11 also contains one extra pair of cysteine residues. At the amino acid sequence level, mature human, mouse, rat and chicken GDF-11 are 99-100% identical. GDF-11 and GDF-8 share 90% amino acid sequence identity within the mature protein. As detected by in situ hybridization, GDF-11 is expressed in diverse regions of the mouse embryo: tailbud, somitic precursors, limbs, mandibular and branchial arches, dorsal neural tube, odontoblasts, nasal epithelium, and particular regions of the brain (1, 2). Targeted deletion of GDF-11, in mice, results in a spectrum of abnormalities including palatal malformation, vertebral defects, elongated trunks with a reduced or absent tail, missing or malformed kidneys, and an increased number of neurons in the olfactory epithelium (2-5). GDF-11 signals through the Activin type II receptors and induces phosphorylation of Smad2 to mediate axial patterning (6). Systemic GDF-11 levels decline with age and administration of higher levels of GDF-11 can reverse age-related cardiac hypertrophy (7). In addition, systemic administration of recombinant GDF-11 protein restores genomic integrity and health of muscle stem cells, neurovasculature and enhances neurogenesis (8, 9).

1. Gamer, L.W. et al. (1999) Dev. Biol. 208: 222. 
2. Nakashima, M. et al. (1999) Mech. Dev. 80:185.  
3. Gad, J.M. and P.P.L. Tam (1999) Curr. Biol. 9:R783.  
4. McPherron, A.C. et al. (1999) Nat. Genet. 22:260.
5. Esquela, A.F. and S.J. Lee (2003) Dev. Biol. 257:356.
6. Oh, S.P. et al. (2002) Genes & Dev. 16:274.
7. Loffredo, F.S. et. al. (2013) Cell. 153.828.
8. Katsimpardi, L. et. al. (2014) Science (ahead of print).
9. Sinha, M. et. al. (2014) Science (ahead of print).

Limitations

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.

Bioinformatics

• Gene Symbol: GDF11
• Uniprot:
  • O95390()