AGER Antibody [Unconjugated]

Western blot shows lysates of human lung tissue and HEK001 human epidermal keratinocyte cell line. PVDF Membrane was probed with 1 µg/mL of Goat Anti-Human/Mouse/Rat RAGE Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF1145) followed by HRP-conjugated Anti-Goat IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog # HAF017). Specific bands were detected for RAGE at approximately 43 kDa under non-reducing (NR) conditions and 50 kDa under reducing (R) conditions (as indicated). This experiment was conducted using Immunoblot Buffer Group 5.

RAGE was detected in immersion fixed paraffin-embedded sections of human lung using Goat Anti-Human/Mouse/Rat RAGE Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF1145) at 0.5 µg/mL for 1 hour at room temperature followed by incubation with the Anti-Goat IgG VisUCyte™ HRP Polymer Antibody (Catalog # VC004). Tissue was stained using DAB (brown) and counterstained with hematoxylin (blue). Specific staining was localized to cell membranes. View our protocol for IHC Staining with VisUCyte HRP Polymer Detection Reagents.

Western blot shows lysates of human, mouse, and rat lung tissue. PVDF membrane was probed with 1 µg/mL of Goat Anti-Human/Mouse/Rat RAGE Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF1145) followed by HRP-conjugated Anti-Goat IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog # HAF017). Specific bands were detected for RAGE at approximately 45-55 kDa (as indicated). This experiment was conducted under reducing conditions and using Immunoblot Buffer Group 1.

RAGE was detected in immersion fixed paraffin-embedded sections of human Alzheimer's disease brain (cerebellum) using 15 µg/mL Goat Anti-Human/Mouse/Rat RAGE Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF1145) overnight at 4 °C. Tissue was stained with the Anti-Goat HRP-DAB Cell & Tissue Staining Kit (brown; Catalog # CTS008) and counterstained with hematoxylin (blue). View our protocol for Chromogenic IHC Staining of Paraffin-embedded Tissue Sections.

• Reactivity: Hu, Mu, Rt
• Applications: WB, IHC, B/N
• Clonality: Polyclonal
• Host: Goat
• Conjugate: Unconjugated
• Concentration: LYOPH

AGER Antibody [Unconjugated] Summary

• Immunogen: Mouse myeloma cell line NS0-derived recombinant human RAGE
  Gln24-Ala344
  Accession # Q15109
• Specificity: Detects human RAGE in direct ELISAs and Western blots. In direct ELISAs, approximately 25% cross-reactivity recombinant canine RAGE is observed.
• Source: N/A
• Isotype: IgG
• Clonality: Polyclonal
• Host: Goat
• Gene: AGER
• Endotoxin Note: <0.10 EU per 1 μg of the antibody by the LAL method.

Applications/Dilutions

• Dilutions:
  • Western Blot 1 ug/mL
  • Immunohistochemistry 0.5-15 ug/mL
  • Blockade of Receptor-ligand Interaction

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
• Buffer: Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with Trehalose. *Small pack size (SP) is supplied as a 0.2 µm filtered solution in PBS.
• Preservative: No Preservative
• Concentration: LYOPH
• Reconstitution Instructions: Reconstitute at 0.2 mg/mL in sterile PBS.

Notes

This product is produced by and ships from R&D Systems, Inc., a Bio-Techne brand.

Alternate Names for AGER Antibody [Unconjugated]

• advanced glycosylation end product-specific receptor
• AGER
• RAGE isoform delta
• RAGE isoform sRAGE-delta
• RAGE
• Receptor for advanced glycosylation end products
• receptor for advanced glycosylation end-products
• SCARJ1

Background

Advanced glycation endproducts (AGE) are adducts formed by the non-enzymatic glycation or oxidation of macromolecules. AGE forms during aging and its formation is accelerated under pathophysiologic states such as diabetes, Alzheimer’s disease, renal failure and immune/inflammatory disorders. Receptor for Advanced Glycation Endoproducts (RAGE), named for its ability to bind AGE, is a multi-ligand receptor belonging the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily. Besides AGE, RAGE binds amyloid beta -peptide, S100/calgranulin family proteins, high mobility group B1 (HMGB1, also know as amphoterin) and leukocyte integrins.

The human RAGE gene encodes a 404 amino acid residues (aa) type I transmembrane glycoprotein with a 22 aa signal peptide, a 320 aa extracellular domain containing an Ig-like V-type domain and two Ig-like Ce-type domains, a 21 aa transmembrane domain and a 41 aa cytoplasmic domain. The V-type domain and the cytoplasmic domain are important for ligand binding and for intracellular signaling, respectively. Two alternative splice variants, lacking the V-type domain or the cytoplasmic tail, are known. RAGE is highly expressed in the embryonic central nervous system. In adult tissues, RAGE is expressed at low levels in multiple tissues including endothelial and smooth muscle cells, mononuclear phagocytes, pericytes, microglia, neurons, cardiac myocytes, and hepatocytes. The expression of RAGE is upregulated upon ligand interaction. Depending on the cellular context and interacting ligand, RAGE activation can trigger differential signaling pathways that affect divergent pathways of gene expression. RAGE activation modulates varied essential cellular responses (including inflammation, immunity, proliferation, cellular adhesion, and migration) that contribute to cellular dysfunction associated with chronic diseases such as diabetes, cancer, amyloidoses, and immune or inflammatory disorders.

Limitations

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.

Publications for AGER Antibody (AF1145)(16)

Publications using AF1145

• F Scavello, F Zeni, CC Tedesco, E Mensà, F Veglia, AD Procopio, AR Bonfigli, F Olivieri, A Raucci Modulation of soluble receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) isoforms and their ligands in healthy aging Aging (Albany NY), 2019;11(6):1648-1663. 2019 [PMID: 30903794] (Western Blot, Rat)
• X Tang, JM Snowball, Y Xu, CL Na, TE Weaver, G Clair, JE Kyle, EM Zink, C Ansong, W Wei, M Huang, X Lin, JA Whitsett EMC3 coordinates surfactant protein and lipid homeostasis required for respiration J. Clin. Invest., 2017;0(0):. 2017 [PMID: 29083321] (IHC-P, Mouse)
• The Role of Neutrophil Proteins on the Amyloid Beta-RAGE Axis PLoS ONE, 2016;11(9):e0163330. 2016 [PMID: 27676391] (ELISA Development, Human)
• The Mouse-Specific Splice Variant mRAGE_v4 Encodes a Membrane-Bound RAGE That Is Resistant to Shedding and Does Not Contribute to the Production of Soluble RAGE PLoS ONE, 2016;11(9):e0153832. 2016 [PMID: 27655137] (Western Blot, Mouse)
• Iotzova-Weiss G, Dziunycz P, Freiberger S, Lauchli S, Hafner J, Vogl T, French L, Hofbauer G S100A8/A9 stimulates keratinocyte proliferation in the development of squamous cell carcinoma of the skin via the receptor for advanced glycation-end products. PLoS ONE, 2015;10(3):e0120971. 2015 [PMID: 25811984] (Flow Cytometry, Human)
• Vogel S, Borger V, Peters C, Forster M, Liebfried P, Metzger K, Meisel R, Daubener W, Trapp T, Fischer J, Gawaz M, Sorg R Necrotic cell-derived high mobility group box 1 attracts antigen-presenting cells but inhibits hepatocyte growth factor-mediated tropism of mesenchymal stem cells for apoptotic cell death. Cell Death Differ, 2015;22(7):1219-30. 2015 [PMID: 25571972] (Neutralization, Mouse)
• Winden D, Barton D, Betteridge B, Bodine J, Jones C, Rogers G, Chavarria M, Wright A, Jergensen Z, Jimenez F, Reynolds P Antenatal exposure of maternal secondhand smoke (SHS) increases fetal lung expression of RAGE and induces RAGE-mediated pulmonary inflammation. Respir Res, 2014;15(0):129. 2014 [PMID: 25338658] (Western Blot, Mouse)
• Moser B, Janik S, Schiefer A, Mullauer L, Bekos C, Scharrer A, Mildner M, Renyi-Vamos F, Klepetko W, Ankersmit H Expression of RAGE and HMGB1 in thymic epithelial tumors, thymic hyperplasia and regular thymic morphology. PLoS ONE, 2014;9(4):e94118. 2014 [PMID: 24705787] (IHC-P, Human)
• Basso D, Bozzato D, Padoan A, Moz S, Zambon C, Fogar P, Greco E, Scorzeto M, Simonato F, Navaglia F, Fassan M, Pelloso M, Dupont S, Pedrazzoli S, Fassina A, Plebani M Inflammation and pancreatic cancer: molecular and functional interactions between S100A8, S100A9, NT-S100A8 and TGFbeta1. Cell Commun Signal, 2014;12(0):20. 2014 [PMID: 24670043] (Western Blot, Human)
• Sessa L, Gatti E, Zeni F, Antonelli A, Catucci A, Koch M, Pompilio G, Fritz G, Raucci A, Bianchi M The receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) is only present in mammals, and belongs to a family of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs). PLoS ONE, 2014;9(1):e86903. 2014 [PMID: 24475194] (Western Blot, Human)
• Monden, Masayo, Koyama, Hidenori, Otsuka, Yoshiko, Morioka, Tomoaki, Mori, Katsuhit, Shoji, Takuhito, Mima, Yohei, Motoyama, Koka, Fukumoto, Shinya, Shioi, Atsushi, Emoto, Masanori, Yamamoto, Yasuhiko, Yamamoto, Hiroshi, Nishizawa, Yoshiki, Kurajoh, Masafumi, Yamamoto, Tetsuya, Inaba, Masaaki Receptor for advanced glycation end products regulates adipocyte hypertrophy and insulin sensitivity in mice: involvement of Toll-like receptor 2. Diabetes, 2013;62(2):478-89. 2013 [PMID: 23011593] (ICC, Human)
• Rao NV, Argyle B, Xu X, Reynolds PR, Walenga JM, Prechel M, Prestwich GD, MacArthur RB, Walters BB, Hoidal JR, Kennedy TP Low anticoagulant heparin targets multiple sites of inflammation, suppresses heparin-induced thrombocytopenia, and inhibits interaction of RAGE with its ligands. Am. J. Physiol., Cell Physiol., 2010;299(1):C97-110. 2010 [PMID: 20375277] (ELISA Development, Human)
• Sharma I, Dhawan V, Mahajan N, Saha SC, Dhaliwal LK In vitro effects of atorvastatin on lipopolysaccharide-induced gene expression in endometriotic stromal cells. Fertil. Steril., 2010;94(5):1639. 2010 [PMID: 19944411] (Western Blot, Human)
• Mallidis C, Agbaje I, Rogers D, Glenn J, McCullough S, Atkinson AB, Steger K, Stitt A, McClure N Distribution of the receptor for advanced glycation end products in the human male reproductive tract: prevalence in men with diabetes mellitus. Hum. Reprod., 2007;22(8):2169-77. 2007 [PMID: 17588956] (IHC-P, Human)
• Zen K, Chen CX, Chen YT, Wilton R, Liu Y Receptor for advanced glycation endproducts mediates neutrophil migration across intestinal epithelium. J. Immunol., 2007;178(4):2483-90. 2007 [PMID: 17277156] (IHC-Fr, Human)
• Wang J, Edeen K, Manzer R, Chang Y, Wang S, Chen X, Funk CJ, Cosgrove GP, Fang X, Mason RJ Differentiated human alveolar epithelial cells and reversibility of their phenotype in vitro. Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., 2007;36(6):661-8. 2007 [PMID: 17255555] (ICC, Human)

Bioinformatics

• Gene Symbol: AGER
• Uniprot:
  • Q15109()