TRAIL/TNFSF10 Antibody [Unconjugated]

TRAIL/TNFSF10 was detected in perfusion fixed frozen sections of mouse thymus using Goat Anti-Mouse TRAIL/TNFSF10 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF1121) at 1.5 µg/mL overnight at 4 °C. Tissue was stained using the Anti-Goat HRP-DAB Cell & Tissue Staining Kit (brown; CTS008) and counterstained with hematoxylin (blue). View our protocol for Chromogenic IHC Staining of Frozen Tissue Sections.

OSCAR–collagen binding co-stimulates IL-1 beta -induced apoptotic signaling in articular chondrocytes.a Caspase activity in mouse articular chondrocytes treated with IL-1 beta (5 ng mL−1) and collagenase (Coll, 50 U mL−1). b, c qRT-PCR analysis (b) and western blotting (c) in mouse articular chondrocytes. Chondrocytes were either untreated or transfected with control siRNA (C-siRNA) (100 nM) or siRNAs specific for mouse Oscar and exposed to IL-1 beta (5 ng mL−1) and collagenase (50 U mL−1) for 48 h. d Articular chondrocyte viability was quantified by MTT assay. Error bars represent mean ± S.E.M. of n = 5 wells. e Caspase-8 and caspase-3 activity was measured using the respective assay kits. f, g qRT-PCR analysis (f) and western blotting (g) in mouse articular chondrocytes. Chondrocytes were treated with hIgG or hOSCAR-Fc (10 μg ml−1) with collagenase and exposed to IL-1 beta for 48 h. h Apoptotic articular chondrocytes were detected and quantified by TUNEL assay. Scale bar = 100 μm. i, j qRT-PCR analysis (i) and western blotting (j) in mouse articular chondrocytes treated with 10 μΜ OSCAR-binding triple-helical peptide before IL-1 beta treatment. Articular chondrocytes were treated with hOSCAR-Fc for 48 h. Error bars shown in a, b, e, f, h and i are mean ± S.E.M. for n = 4 independent experiments. One-way ANOVA was performed followed by Dunnett’s Multiple Comparison’s test (a, i) and Tukey’s Multiple Comparison’s test (b, d, e, f, h), with p values indicated in figure. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32859940), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

OSCAR regulates OA pathogenesis via TRAIL-induced articular chondrocyte apoptosis.a Selection of putative Oscar targets involved in OA pathogenesis. Venn diagram indicating the number of genes attenuated in articular cartilage Oscar−/− mice after DMM surgery (left). Hypergeometric p value measuring the significance of enrichment is depicted. Gene-wise scaled gene expression patterns of 1270 common genes in each sample are shown (right). b Functional annotations significantly enriched for 1270 common genes. Hypergeometric tests were performed using the hallmark gene annotation in MsigDB, yielding enrichment scores, defined as −log10 (FDR). c Simplified apoptotic signaling pathway altered by Oscar deficiency. Each gene is colored with the DIF score, defined as the extent to which gene expression is altered by Oscar deficiency. A negative DIF indicates transcriptional suppression in Oscar−/− mice. The network was visualized by Cytoscape v3.7 software. d, e qRT-PCR (d) and IHC (e) analyses of TRAIL in OA articular cartilage from DMM surgery mice compared to sham-operated mice. Scale bar = 50 μm. f, g mRNA levels (f) and immunostaining (g) for OPG in articular cartilage tissue from sham surgery or DMM surgery mice. Scale bar = 50 μm. h, i Apoptotic articular chondrocytes were detected and quantified by TUNEL assay. Scale bar = 25 μm. Error bars represent mean ± S.E.M. of n = 10 mice (d–g, i). Two-way ANOVA was performed followed by Sidak’s Multiple Comparison’s test, with p values indicated in figure. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32859940), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

OSCAR regulates OA pathogenesis via TRAIL-induced articular chondrocyte apoptosis.a Selection of putative Oscar targets involved in OA pathogenesis. Venn diagram indicating the number of genes attenuated in articular cartilage Oscar−/− mice after DMM surgery (left). Hypergeometric p value measuring the significance of enrichment is depicted. Gene-wise scaled gene expression patterns of 1270 common genes in each sample are shown (right). b Functional annotations significantly enriched for 1270 common genes. Hypergeometric tests were performed using the hallmark gene annotation in MsigDB, yielding enrichment scores, defined as −log10 (FDR). c Simplified apoptotic signaling pathway altered by Oscar deficiency. Each gene is colored with the DIF score, defined as the extent to which gene expression is altered by Oscar deficiency. A negative DIF indicates transcriptional suppression in Oscar−/− mice. The network was visualized by Cytoscape v3.7 software. d, e qRT-PCR (d) and IHC (e) analyses of TRAIL in OA articular cartilage from DMM surgery mice compared to sham-operated mice. Scale bar = 50 μm. f, g mRNA levels (f) and immunostaining (g) for OPG in articular cartilage tissue from sham surgery or DMM surgery mice. Scale bar = 50 μm. h, i Apoptotic articular chondrocytes were detected and quantified by TUNEL assay. Scale bar = 25 μm. Error bars represent mean ± S.E.M. of n = 10 mice (d–g, i). Two-way ANOVA was performed followed by Sidak’s Multiple Comparison’s test, with p values indicated in figure. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32859940), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

• Reactivity: Mu
• Applications: IHC
• Clonality: Polyclonal
• Host: Goat
• Conjugate: Unconjugated
• Concentration: LYOPH

TRAIL/TNFSF10 Antibody [Unconjugated] Summary

• Immunogen: E. coli-derived recombinant mouse TRAIL/TNFSF10
  Pro118-Asn291
  Accession # P50592
• Specificity: Detects mouse TRAIL/TNFSF10 in direct ELISAs and Western blots.
• Source: N/A
• Isotype: IgG
• Clonality: Polyclonal
• Host: Goat
• Gene: TNFSF10
• Purity Statement: Antigen Affinity-purified

Applications/Dilutions

• Dilutions:
  • Immunohistochemistry 5-15 ug/mL

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
• Buffer: Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with Trehalose. *Small pack size (SP) is supplied either lyophilized or as a 0.2 µm filtered solution in PBS.
• Preservative: No Preservative
• Concentration: LYOPH
• Reconstitution Instructions: Reconstitute at 0.2 mg/mL in sterile PBS.

Notes

This product is produced by and ships from R&D Systems, Inc., a Bio-Techne brand.

Alternate Names for TRAIL/TNFSF10 Antibody [Unconjugated]

• Apo-2 ligand
• APO2L
• Apo-2Ltumor necrosis factor (ligand) family, member 10
• APO2Ltumor necrosis factor apoptosis-inducing ligand splice variant delta
• CD253 antigen
• CD253
• Protein TRAIL
• TL2
• TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand
• TNFSF10
• TRAIL
• TRAILTNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand TRAIL
• tumor necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily, member 10
• tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 10

Background

TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), also called apoptosis 2 ligand (Apo2L) for its similarity in sequence, structure, and function to Fas Ligand/Apo1L, is a 33-35 kDa type II transmembrane glycoprotein of the tumor necrosis factor superfamily, designated TNFSF10 (1-3). Mouse TRAIL cDNA encodes a 17 amino acid (aa) N-terminal intracellular domain, a 20 aa transmembrane domain and a 253 aa extracellular domain. Like most TNF family members, TRAIL is bioactive as a homotrimer (1). Unlike other TNF family members, a zinc ion complexed by human Cys 230 (mouse Cys 240) of each of the three monomers is critical for structural stability (4, 5). Either transmembrane or cysteine protease-released soluble sTRAIL induce apoptosis of many transformed cell lines, but rarely of normal cells (3, 6). Accordingly, TRAIL is suggested to have a role in tumor surveillance (1). Mice with genetically disrupted TRAIL have defective thymocyte apoptosis, creating faulty negative selection and some increased susceptibility to induced autoimmune diseases (7). In humans, TRAIL controls apoptosis of erythrocyte precursors and sTRAIL is inversely correlated with hemoglobin (1, 8). TRAIL transcripts are constitutively expressed in a variety of human (and presumably mouse) tissues and mononuclear cells (2, 3). Only one of two receptors that transduce apoptotic signals in humans is found in the mouse (TRAIL R2/DR5 but not TRAIL R1/DR4) (1). Mice express TRAIL receptors DcTRAIL R1/TNFRSF23, and DcTRAIL R2/TNFRSF22. These receptors lack death domains but differ in structure from human regulatory receptors TRAIL R3 and TRAIL R4 (9). Osteoprotegerin has been identified in humans as a TRAIL receptor, but binding in mouse has not yet been demonstrated (1, 10). Mouse TRAIL shows 85% aa identity with rat TRAIL and 70% aa identity with human, bovine, and porcine TRAIL within the TNF homology domain (aa 118-291).

1. Zauli, G. and P. Secchiero (2006) Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 17:245.
2. Wiley, S.R. et al. (1995) Immunity 3:673.
3. Pitti, R.M. et al. (1996) J. Biol. Chem. 271:12687.
4. Bodmer, J.L. et al. (2000) J. Biol. Chem. 275:20632.
5. Hymowitz, S.G. et al. (2000) Biochemistry 39:633.
6. Sedger, L.M. et al. (2002) Eur. J. Immunol. 32:2246.
7. Lamhamedi-Cherradi, S.E. et al. (2003) Nat. Immunol. 4:255.
8. Choi, J.W. (2005) Ann. Hematol. 84:728.
9. Schneider, P. et al. (2003) J. Biol. Chem. 278:5444.
10. Emery, J. et al. (1998) J. Biol. Chem. 273:14363.

Limitations

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.

Publications for TRAIL/TNFSF10 Antibody (AF1121)(6)

Publications using AF1121

• Kim, GM;Park, DR;Nguyen, TTH;Kim, J;Kim, J;Sohn, MH;Lee, WK;Lee, SY;Shim, H; Development of Anti-OSCAR Antibodies for the Treatment of Osteoarthritis Biomedicines 2023-10-19 [PMID: 37893216] (Bioassay, Mouse)
• Luo, Y;Hao, H;Wang, Z;Ong, C;Dutcher, R;Xu, Y;Liu, J;Pedersen, LC;Xu, D; Heparan sulfate promotes TRAIL-induced tumor cell apoptosis bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology 2023-07-26 [PMID: 37546770] (Flow Cytometry, Mouse)
• DR Park, J Kim, GM Kim, H Lee, M Kim, D Hwang, H Lee, HS Kim, W Kim, MC Park, H Shim, SY Lee Osteoclast-associated receptor blockade prevents articular cartilage destruction via chondrocyte apoptosis regulation Nat Commun, 2020-08-28;11(1):4343. 2020-08-28 [PMID: 32859940] (IHC, Mouse)
• Liu C, Ma Z, Cai Z et Al. Identification of primordial germ cell-like cells as liver metastasis initiating cells in mouse tumour models Cell Discov 3/24/2020 [PMID: 32218989]
• Kichev A, Rousset C, Baburamani A, Levison S, Wood T, Gressens P, Thornton C, Hagberg H Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) signaling and cell death in the immature central nervous system after hypoxia-ischemia and inflammation. J Biol Chem, 2014-02-07;289(13):9430-9. 2014-02-07 [PMID: 24509861] (IHC-P, Western Blot, Mouse)
• Bleier JI, Pillarisetty VG, Shah AB, DeMatteo RP Increased and long-term generation of dendritic cells with reduced function from IL-6-deficient bone marrow. J. Immunol., 2004-06-15;172(12):7408-16. 2004-06-15 [PMID: 15187118] (Flow Cytometry, Mouse)

Bioinformatics

• Gene Symbol: TNFSF10
• Uniprot:
  • P50592()