Recombinant Human MIF Protein, CF

• Reactivity: Hu
• Applications: Bioactivity
• Format: Carrier-Free

Recombinant Human MIF Protein, CF Summary

• Details of Functionality: Bioassay data are not available.
• Source: E. coli-derived human MIF protein
  Pro2-Ala115, with an N-terminal Met
• Accession #: AAA36315
• N-terminal Sequence: Met1 & Pro2
• Protein/Peptide Type: Recombinant Proteins
• Purity: >97%, by SDS-PAGE visualized with Silver Staining and quantitative densitometry by Coomassie® Blue Staining.
• Endotoxin Note: <0.10 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.

Applications/Dilutions

• Dilutions:
  • Bioactivity
• Theoretical MW: 12.4 kDa & 12.3 kDa.
  Disclaimer note: The observed molecular weight of the protein may vary from the listed predicted molecular weight due to post translational modifications, post translation cleavages, relative charges, and other experimental factors.

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 6 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after opening.
  • 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after opening.
• Buffer: Supplied as a 0.2 μm filtered solution in MES and NaCl.
• Purity: >97%, by SDS-PAGE visualized with Silver Staining and quantitative densitometry by Coomassie® Blue Staining.

Notes

This product is produced by and ships from R&D Systems, Inc., a Bio-Techne brand.

Alternate Names for Recombinant Human MIF Protein, CF

• EC 5.3.2.1
• EC 5.3.3.12
• GIFmacrophage migration inhibitory factor
• GLIF
• Glycosylation-inhibiting factor
• L-dopachrome isomerase
• L-dopachrome tautomerase
• macrophage migration inhibitory factor (glycosylation-inhibiting factor)
• MIF
• MMIF
• Phenylpyruvate tautomerase

Background

MIF (or macrophage migration inhibitory factor) was the first lymphokine/cytokine to be recognized in the pregenomics era (1, 2). Regardless, it is one of the least understood of all inflammatory mediators (1, 3). Human MIF is a 12.5 kDa, 115 amino acid (aa) nonglycosylated polypeptide that is synthesized without a signal sequence (4 - 7). Secretion occurs nonclassically via an ABCA1 transporter (8). The initiating Met is removed, leaving Pro as the first amino acid. The molecule consists of two alpha -helices and six beta -strands, four of which form a beta -sheet. The two remaining beta -strands interact with other MIF molecules, creating a trimer (2, 9, 10). Structure-function studies suggest MIF is bifunctional with segregated topology. The N- and C-termini mediate enzyme activity (in theory). Phenylpyruvate tautomerase activity (enol-to-keto) has been demonstrated and is dependent upon Pro at position #1 (11). Amino acids 50 - 65 have also been suggested to contain thiol-protein oxidoreductase activity (12). MIF has proinflammatory cytokine activity centered around amino acids 49 - 65. On fibroblasts, MIF induces, IL-1, IL-8 and MMP expression; on macrophages, MIF stimulates NO production and TNF-alpha release folllowing IFN-gamma activation (13, 14). MIF apparently acts through CD74 and CD44, likely in some form of trimeric interaction (15, 16). Human MIF is active on mouse cells (14). Human MIF is 90%, 94%, 95%, and 90% aa identical to mouse, bovine, porcine and rat MIF, respectively.

1. Norand, E.F. and M. Leech (2005) Front. Biosci. 10:12.
2. Donn, R.P. and D.W. Ray (2004) J. Endocrinol. 182:1.
3. Calandra, T. and T. Roger (2003) Nat. Rev. Immunol. 3:791.
4. Kozak, C.A. et al. (1995) Genomics 27:405.
5. Weiser, W.Y. et al. (1989) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 86:7522.
6. Paralkar, V. and G. Wistow (1994) Genomics 19:48.
7. Wistow, G.J. et al. (1993) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90:1272.
8. Flieger, O. et al. (2003) FEBS Lett. 551:78.
9. Philo, J.S. et al. (2004) Biophys. Chem. 108:77.
10. Sun, H-W. et al. (1996) Protein Eng. 9:631.
11. Stamps, S.L. et. al. (2000) Biochemistry 39:9671.
12. Nguyen, M.T. et al. (2003) J. Biol. Chem. 278:33654.
13. Sato, A. et al. (2003) Dev. Comp. Immunol. 27:401.
14. Bernhagen, J. et al. (1994) Biochemistry 33:14144.
15. Leng, L. et al. (2003) J. Exp. Med. 197:1467.
16. Meyer-Siegler, K.L. and P.L. Vera (2005) J. Urol. 173:615.

Publications for MIF (289-MF/CF)(30)

Publications using 289-MF/CF

• CS Rigazio, N Mariz-Pont, EP Caballero, FN Penas, NB Goren, MH Santamaría, RS Corral Involvement of glycoinositolphospholipid from Trypanosoma cruzi and macrophage migration inhibitory factor in proinflammatory mechanisms promoting cardiovascular injury mechanisms promoting cardiovascular inflammation tThe combined action of glycoinositolphospholipid from Trypanosoma cruzi and macrophage migration inhibitory factor increases proinflammatory mediator production by cardiomyocytes and vascular endothelial cells Microbial pathogenesis, 2022-11-12;0(0):105881. 2022-11-12 [PMID: 36379373] (Bioassay, Human)
• HA Oh, J Kwak, BJ Kim, HJ Jin, WS Park, SJ Choi, W Oh, S Um Migration Inhibitory Factor in Conditioned Medium from Human Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Stimulates Hair Growth Cells, 2020-05-28;9(6):. 2020-05-28 [PMID: 32481584] (Bioassay, Human)
• H Chen, W Xia, M Hou LncRNA-NEAT1 from the competing endogenous RNA network promotes cardioprotective efficacy of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes induced by macrophage migration inhibitory factor via the miR-142-3p/FOXO1 signaling pathway Stem Cell Res Ther, 2020-01-21;11(1):31. 2020-01-21 [PMID: 31964409] (Bioassay, Human)
• LA Hernández-, S García-Are, R Bucala, MA Llamas-Cov, U De la Cruz, E Oregon-Rom, S Cerpa-Cruz, I Parra-Roja, A Plascencia, JF Muñoz-Vall Functional MIF promoter haplotypes modulate Th17-related cytokine expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from control subjects and rheumatoid arthritis patients Cytokine, 2018-11-19;115(0):89-96. 2018-11-19 [PMID: 30467094] (Bioassay, Human)
• L Rijvers, MJ Melief, RM van der Vu, M Stéphant, J van Langel, AF Wierenga-W, JM Hogervorst, AJ Geurts-Moe, FCGJ Sweep, RQ Hintzen, MM van Luijn The macrophage migration inhibitory factor pathway in human B cells is tightly controlled and dysregulated in multiple sclerosis Eur. J. Immunol., 2018-09-25;0(0):. 2018-09-25 [PMID: 30160778] (Human)
• F Ietta, EAV Ferro, E Bevilacqua, L Benincasa, E Maioli, L Paulesu Role of the Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) in the survival of first trimester human placenta under induced stress conditions Sci Rep, 2018-08-14;8(1):12150. 2018-08-14 [PMID: 30108299] (Bioassay, Human)
• J Lang, Y Cheng, A Rolfe, C Hammack, D Vera, K Kyle, J Wang, TB Meissner, Y Ren, C Cowan, H Tang An hPSC-Derived Tissue-Resident Macrophage Model Reveals Differential Responses of Macrophages to ZIKV and DENV Infection Stem Cell Reports, 2018-07-05;0(0):. 2018-07-05 [PMID: 29983385] (Bioassay, Human)
• JA Fraser, S Kemp, L Young, M Ross, M Prach, GR Hutchison, E Malone Silver nanoparticles promote the emergence of heterogeneic human neutrophil sub-populations Sci Rep, 2018-05-14;8(1):7506. 2018-05-14 [PMID: 29760395] (ELISA (Standard))
• SU Noh, WY Lee, WS Kim, YT Lee, KJ Yoon Expression of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor in Footpad Skin Lesions with Diabetic Neuropathy Mol Pain, 2018-04-24;0(0):1744806918775. 2018-04-24 [PMID: 29690804] (Bioassay, Human)
• S Sugita, K Makabe, Y Iwasaki, S Fujii, M Takahashi Natural Killer Cell Inhibition by HLA-E Molecules on Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 2018-04-01;59(5):1719-1731. 2018-04-01 [PMID: 29610856] (Bioassay, Human)
• A Sparkes, P De Baetsel, L Brys, I Cabrito, YG Sterckx, S Schoonoogh, S Muylderman, G Raes, R Bucala, P Vanlandsch, JA Van Ginder, B Stijlemans Novel half-life extended anti-MIF nanobodies protect against endotoxic shock FASEB J., 2018-01-25;0(0):fj201701189R. 2018-01-25 [PMID: 29401625] (In Vivo, Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR, Human, Llama)
• R Jalili, J Horecka, JR Swartz, RW Davis, HHJ Persson Streamlined circular proximity ligation assay provides high stringency and compatibility with low-affinity antibodies Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 2018-01-16;0(0):. 2018-01-16 [PMID: 29339495] (Bioassay)
• R Kumar, T de Mooij, TE Peterson, T Kaptzan, AJ Johnson, DJ Daniels, IF Parney Modulating glioma-mediated myeloid-derived suppressor cell development with sulforaphane PLoS ONE, 2017-06-30;12(6):e0179012. 2017-06-30 [PMID: 28666020] (Bioassay, Human)
• Neslihan Coban CYP19A1, MIF and ABCA1 genes are targets of the ROR? in monocyte and endothelial cells Cell Biol. Int, 2017-02-01;0(0):. 2017-02-01 [PMID: 27925372] (ELISA (Standard))
• No Y, Lee S, Kumar A, Yun C HIF1alpha-Induced by Lysophosphatidic Acid Is Stabilized via Interaction with MIF and CSN5. PLoS ONE, 2015-09-09;10(9):e0137513. 2015-09-09 [PMID: 26352431] (Bioassay, Human)
• Sugita S, Kamao H, Iwasaki Y, Okamoto S, Hashiguchi T, Iseki K, Hayashi N, Mandai M, Takahashi M Inhibition of T-cell activation by retinal pigment epithelial cells derived from induced pluripotent stem cells. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2015-01-20;56(2):1051-62. 2015-01-20 [PMID: 25604685] (Bioassay, Human)
• Patel P, Khan N, Rani M, Gupta D, Jameel S The expression of HIV-1 Vpu in monocytes causes increased secretion of TGF-beta that activates profibrogenic genes in hepatic stellate cells. PLoS ONE, 2014-02-13;9(2):e88934. 2014-02-13 [PMID: 24551192] (Bioassay, Human)
• Li J, Mo H, Xiong G, Zhang L, He J, Huang Z, Liu Z, Chen Q, Du Z, Zheng L, Qian C, Zeng Y Tumor Microenvironment Macrophage Inhibitory Factor Directs the Accumulation of Interleukin-17-producing Tumor-infiltrating Lymphocytes and Predicts Favorable Survival in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Patients. J Biol Chem, 2012-08-14;287(42):35484-95. 2012-08-14 [PMID: 22893706] (Bioassay, Human)
• Herrero LJ, Nelson M, Srikiatkhachorn A, Gu R, Anantapreecha S, Fingerle-Rowson G, Bucala R, Morand E, Santos LL, Mahalingam S Critical role for macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) in Ross River virus-induced arthritis and myositis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 2011-07-05;108(29):12048-53. 2011-07-05 [PMID: 21730129] (In Vivo, Mouse)
• Schipper HS, De Jager W, van Dijk ME, Meerding J, Zelissen PM, Adan RA, Prakken BJ, Kalkhoven E A multiplex immunoassay for human adipokine profiling. Clin. Chem., 2010-06-08;56(0):1320. 2010-06-08 [PMID: 20530731] (ELISA (Standard))
• Huang MC, Patel K, Taub DD, Longo DL, Goetzl EJ Human CD4- 8- T cells are a distinctive immunoregulatory subset. FASEB J, 2010-02-12;24(7):2558-66. 2010-02-12 [PMID: 20154266] (Bioassay, Human)
• Wadgaonkar R, Somnay K, Garcia JG Thrombin induced secretion of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) and its effect on nuclear signaling in endothelium. J. Cell. Biochem., 2008-12-01;105(5):1279-88. 2008-12-01 [PMID: 18821572] (Bioassay, Bovine)
• Gilliver SC, Ruckshanthi JP, Hardman MJ, Nakayama T, Ashcroft GS Sex dimorphism in wound healing: the roles of sex steroids and macrophage migration inhibitory factor. Endocrinology, 2008-07-24;149(11):5747-57. 2008-07-24 [PMID: 18653719] (In Vivo, Mouse)
• Amin MA, Haas CS, Zhu K, Mansfield PJ, Kim MJ, Lackowski NP, Koch AE Migration inhibitory factor up-regulates vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 via Src, PI3 kinase, and NFkappaB. Blood, 2005-11-29;107(6):2252-61. 2005-11-29 [PMID: 16317091] (Bioassay, ELISA (Standard), Human)
• Matsumoto K, Maruyama N, Maruyama T, Ohnishi Y, Nonaka S, Inoshita A, Ito K, Kitajima S, Abe M, Satomura A, Fujita T Elevated macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) levels in the urine of patients with focal glomerular sclerosis. Clin. Exp. Immunol., 2005-02-01;139(2):338-47. 2005-02-01 [PMID: 15654833] (ELISA (Standard))
• Paulesu L, Cateni C, Romagnoli R, Ietta F, Dantzer V Variation in macrophage-migration-inhibitory-factor immunoreactivity during porcine gestation. Biol. Reprod., 2004-11-24;72(4):949-53. 2004-11-24 [PMID: 15564603] (Western Blot)
• Chuang CC, Hung CJ, Tsai MC, Chuang YC High concentrations of circulating macrophage migration inhibitory factor in patients with severe blunt trauma: Is serum macrophage migration inhibitory factor concentration a valuable prognostic factor? Crit. Care Med., 2004-03-01;32(3):734-9. 2004-03-01 [PMID: 15090955] (ELISA (Standard))
• Ashcroft GS, Mills SJ, Lei K, Gibbons L, Jeong MJ, Taniguchi M, Burow M, Horan MA, Wahl SM, Nakayama T Estrogen modulates cutaneous wound healing by downregulating macrophage migration inhibitory factor. J. Clin. Invest., 2003-05-01;111(9):1309-18. 2003-05-01 [PMID: 12727922] (In Vivo, Mouse)
• Matsumoto K, 2019, Kanmatsuse K Urinary levels of macrophage migration inhibitory factor in patients with IgA nephropathy. 7587, 2002-10-01;92(2):309-15. 2002-10-01 [PMID: 12218308] (ELISA (Standard))
• Wang L, Das H, Kamath A, Li L, Bukowski JF Human V gamma 2V delta 2 T cells augment migration-inhibitory factor secretion and counteract the inhibitory effect of glucocorticoids on IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha production. J. Immunol., 2002-05-15;168(10):4889-96. 2002-05-15 [PMID: 11994438] (ELISA (Standard))

Bioinformatics

• Uniprot:
  • AAA36315()