Recombinant Human GM-CSF Protein

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Recombinant Human GM-CSF (Catalog # 215-IL) stimulates cell proliferation of theTF-1 human erythroleukemic cell line. The ED50 for this effect is 6-30 pg/mL.
1 μg/lane of Recombinant Human GM-CSF was resolved with SDS-PAGE under reducing (R) conditions and visualized by silver staining, showing a single band at 14 kDa.

Product Details

Summary
Reactivity HuSpecies Glossary
Applications Bioactivity

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Catalog# & Formulation Size Price

Recombinant Human GM-CSF Protein Summary

Additional Information
A New and Improved rh GM-CSF is Now Available! It has a lower endotoxin specification and is CHO expressed!
Details of Functionality
Measured in a cell proliferation assay using TF‑1 human erythroleukemic cells. Kitamura, T. et al. (1989) J. Cell Physiol. 140:323. The ED50 for this effect is 6-30 pg/mL.
Source
E. coli-derived human GM-CSF protein
Ala18-Glu144
Accession #
N-terminal Sequence
Ala18
Protein/Peptide Type
Recombinant Proteins
Gene
CSF2
Purity
>97%, by SDS-PAGE visualized with Silver Staining and quantitative densitometry by Coomassie® Blue Staining.
Endotoxin Note
<1.0 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.

Applications/Dilutions

Dilutions
  • Bioactivity
Theoretical MW
14 kDa.
Disclaimer note: The observed molecular weight of the protein may vary from the listed predicted molecular weight due to post translational modifications, post translation cleavages, relative charges, and other experimental factors.
Publications
Read Publications using
215-GM in the following applications:

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

Storage
Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
Buffer
Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with BSA as a carrier protein.
Purity
>97%, by SDS-PAGE visualized with Silver Staining and quantitative densitometry by Coomassie® Blue Staining.
Reconstitution Instructions
Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile PBS containing at least 0.1% human or bovine serum albumin.

Notes

This product is produced by and ships from R&D Systems, Inc., a Bio-Techne brand.

Alternate Names for Recombinant Human GM-CSF Protein

  • colony stimulating factor 2 (granulocyte-macrophage)
  • Colony-stimulating factor
  • CSF
  • CSF2
  • CSF-2
  • GMCSF
  • GM-CSF
  • GMCSFgranulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor
  • granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor
  • MGC131935
  • MGC138897
  • Molgramostim
  • molgramostin
  • Sargramostim

Background

GM‑CSF was initially characterized as a factor that can support the in vitro colony formation of granulocyte‑macrophage progenitors. It is also a growth factor for erythroid, megakaryocyte, and eosinophil progenitors. GM‑CSF is produced by a number of different cell types (including T cells, B cells, macrophages, mast cells, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and adipocytes) in response to cytokine or inflammatory stimuli. On mature hematopoietic cells, GM‑CSF is a survival factor for and activates the effector functions of granulocytes, monocytes/macrophages, and eosinophils (1, 2). GM‑CSF promotes a Th1 biased immune response, angiogenesis, allergic inflammation, and the development of autoimmunity (3‑5). It shows clinical effectiveness in ameliorating chemotherapy‑induced neutropenia, and GM‑CSF transfected tumor cells are utilized as cancer vaccines (6, 7). The 22 kDa glycosylated GM‑CSF, similar to IL‑3 and IL‑5, is a cytokine with a core of four bundled
alpha -helices (8‑12). Mature human GM‑CSF shares 63%‑70% amino acid sequence identity with canine, feline, porcine, and rat GM‑CSF and 54% with mouse GM‑CSF. GM‑CSF exerts its biological effects through a heterodimeric receptor complex composed of GM‑CSF R alpha /CD116 and the signal transducing common beta  chain (CD131) which is also a component of the high‑affinity receptors for IL‑3 and IL‑5 (13, 14). In addition, GM‑CSF binds a naturally occurring soluble form of GM‑CSF R alpha (15). Human GM‑CSF is active on canine and feline cells but not on murine cells (16‑18).
  1. Martinez-Moczygemba, M. and D.P. Huston (2003) J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 112:653.
  2. Barreda, D.R. et al. (2004) Dev. Comp. Immunol. 28:509.
  3. Eksioglu, E.A. et al. (2007) Exp. Hematol. 35:1163.
  4. Cao, Y. (2007) J. Clin. Invest. 117:2362.
  5. Fleetwood, A.J. et al. (2005) Crit. Rev. Immunol. 25:405.
  6. Heuser, M. et al. (2007) Semin. Hematol. 44:148.
  7. Hege, K.M. et al. (2006) Int. Rev. Immunol. 25:321.
  8. Kaushansky, K. et al. (1992) Biochemistry 31:1881.
  9. Diederichs, K. et al. (1991) Science 254:1779. 
  10. Cantrell, M.A. et al. (1985) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 82:6250.
  11. Lee, F. et al. (1985) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 82:4360.
  12. Wong, G.G. et al. (1985) Science 228:810.
  13. Onetto-Pothier, N. et al. (1990) Blood 75:59.
  14. Hayashida, K. et al. (1990) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 87:9655.
  15. Pelley, J.L. et al. (2007) Exp. Hematol. 35:1483.
  16. Hogge, G.S. et al. (1990) Cancer Gene Ther. 6:26.
  17. Sprague, W.S. et al. (2005) J. Comp. Pathol. 133:136.
  18. Shanafelt, A.B. et al. (1991) J. Biol. Chem. 266:13804.

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215-GM
Species: Hu
Applications: Bioactivity

Publications for GM-CSF (215-GM)(267)

We have publications tested in 7 confirmed species: Human, Mouse, Rat, Canine, Primate - Macaca fascicularis (Crab-eating Monkey or Cynomolgus Macaque), Primate - Macaca mulatta (Rhesus Macaque), Rabbit.

We have publications tested in 6 applications: Bioassay, Cell Culture, Control, Differentiation, ELISA Development, In Vivo.


Filter By Application
Bioassay
(244)
Cell Culture
(17)
Control
(1)
Differentiation
(1)
ELISA Development
(1)
In Vivo
(2)
All Applications
Filter By Species
Human
(254)
Mouse
(2)
Rat
(4)
Canine
(2)
Primate - Macaca fascicularis (Crab-eating Monkey or Cynomolgus Macaque)
(1)
Primate - Macaca mulatta (Rhesus Macaque)
(3)
Rabbit
(1)
All Species
Showing Publications 1 - 10 of 267. Show All 267 Publications.
Publications using 215-GM Applications Species
D Kwart, J He, S Srivatsan, C Lett, J Golubov, EM Oswald, P Poon, X Ye, J Waite, AG Zaretsky, S Haxhinasto, E Au-Yeung, NT Gupta, J Chiu, C Adler, S Cherravuru, E Malahias, N Negron, K Lanza, A Coppola, M Ni, H Song, Y Wei, GS Atwal, L Macdonald, NS Oristian, W Poueymirou, V Jankovic, M Fury, I Lowy, AJ Murphy, MA Sleeman, B Wang, D Skokos Cancer cell-derived type I interferons instruct tumor monocyte polarization Cell Reports, 2022;41(10):111769. 2022 [PMID: 36476866] (Bioassay, Human) Bioassay Human
H Salvator, A Cheng, LB Rosen, PR Williamson, JE Bennett, A Kashyap, L Ding, KJ Kwon-Chung, H Namkoong, CS Zerbe, SM Holland Neutralizing GM-CSF autoantibodies in pulmonary alveolar proteinosis, cryptococcal meningitis and severe nocardiosis Respiratory Research, 2022;23(1):280. 2022 [PMID: 36221098] (ELISA Development, Human) ELISA Development Human
SP John, A Singh, J Sun, MJ Pierre, L Alsalih, C Lipsey, Z Traore, S Balcom-Luk, CJ Bradfield, J Song, TE Markowitz, M Smelkinson, M Ferrer, IDC Fraser Small-molecule screening identifies Syk kinase inhibition and rutaecarpine as modulators of macrophage training and SARS-CoV-2 infection Cell Reports, 2022;0(0):111441. 2022 [PMID: 36179680] (Bioassay, Human) Bioassay Human
YS Michaels, JM Edgar, MC Major, EL Castle, C Zimmerman, T Yin, A Hagner, C Lau, HH Hsu, MI Ibañez-Rio, LJ Durland, DJHF Knapp, PW Zandstra DLL4 and VCAM1 enhance the emergence of T cell-competent hematopoietic progenitors from human pluripotent stem cells Science Advances, 2022;8(34):eabn5522. 2022 [PMID: 36001668] (Bioassay, Human) Bioassay Human
F Zeng, S Liao, Z Kuang, Q Zhu, H Wei, J Shi, E Zheng, Z Xu, S Huang, L Hong, T Gu, J Yang, H Yang, G Cai, S Moisyadi, J Urschitz, Z Li, Z Wu Genetically Engineered Pigs as Efficient Salivary Gland Bioreactors for Production of Therapeutically Valuable Human Nerve Growth Factor Cells, 2022;11(15):. 2022 [PMID: 35954224] (Bioassay, Human) Bioassay Human
SD van Haren, GK Pedersen, A Kumar, TJ Ruckwardt, S Moin, IN Moore, M Minai, M Liu, J Pak, F Borriello, S Doss-Golli, EMS Beijnen, S Ahmed, M Helmel, P Andersen, BS Graham, H Steen, D Christense, O Levy CAF08 adjuvant enables single dose protection against respiratory syncytial virus infection in murine newborns Nature Communications, 2022;13(1):4234. 2022 [PMID: 35918315] (Bioassay, Human) Bioassay Human
S Chen, RS Vedula, A Cuevas-Nav, B Lu, SJ Hogg, E Wang, S Benbarche, K Knorr, WJ Kim, RF Stanley, H Cho, C Erickson, M Singer, D Cui, S Tittley, BH Durham, TS Pavletich, E Fiala, MF Walsh, D Inoue, S Monette, J Taylor, N Rosen, F McCormick, RC Lindsley, P Castel, O Abdel-Waha Impaired proteolysis of non-canonical RAS proteins drives clonal hematopoietic transformation Cancer Discovery, 2022;0(0):. 2022 [PMID: 35904492] (Cell Culture, Human) Cell Culture Human
IY Quiroga, AE Cruikshank, ML Bond, KSM Reed, BA Evangelist, JH Tseng, JV Ragusa, RB Meeker, H Won, S Cohen, TJ Cohen, DH Phanstiel Synthetic amyloid beta does not induce a robust transcriptional response in innate immune cell culture systems Journal of Neuroinflammation, 2022;19(1):99. 2022 [PMID: 35459147] (Bioassay, Human) Bioassay Human
P Sekhri, DK Ledezma, A Shukla, EE Sweeney, R Fernandes The Thermal Dose of Photothermal Therapy Generates Differential Immunogenicity in Human Neuroblastoma Cells Cancers, 2022;14(6):. 2022 [PMID: 35326601] (Cell Culture, Human) Cell Culture Human
H Farese, Farese H, Noack M, M Noack, P Miossec Synoviocytes from pigmented villonodular synovitis are less sensitive to cadmium-induced cell death than synoviocytes from rheumatoid arthritis. Sci Rep, 0;12(1):3832. 0 [PMID: 35264617] (Bioassay, Human) Bioassay Human
Show All 267 Publications.

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Bioinformatics

Gene Symbol CSF2
Uniprot