IL-21 Antibody [Alexa Fluor™ Plus 488]

• Reactivity: Ca
• Clonality: Polyclonal
• Host: Sheep
• Conjugate: Alexa Fluor Plus 488

IL-21 Antibody [Alexa Fluor™ Plus 488] Summary

• Specificity: Detects canine IL-21 in direct ELISAs. In direct ELISAs, approximately 35% cross-reactivity with recombinant human IL-21 is observed, and less than 3% cross-reactivity with recombinant mouse IL-21 is observed.
• Isotype: IgG
• Clonality: Polyclonal
• Host: Sheep

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Protect from light. Do not freeze. 12 months from date of receipt, 2 to 8 °C as supplied
• Buffer: Supplied 0.2 mg/mL in a saline solution containing BSA and Sodium Azide.

Notes

This product is produced by and ships from R&D Systems, Inc., a Bio-Techne brand.

Alternate Names for IL-21 Antibody [Alexa Fluor™ Plus 488]

• CVID11
• IL21
• IL-21
• IL-21Za11interleukin-21
• interleukin 21
• interleukin-21 isoform
• Za11

Background

Interleukin-21 (IL-21) is a 14 kDa (predicted) four-helix-bundle cytokine and member of the IL-15/IL-21 family. It is made by activated CD4⁺ T cells, activated NKT cells, T helper (Th) cells, and Th17 cells (1‑5). Canine IL-21 is synthesized as a 146 amino acid (aa) precursor that contains a 17 aa signal sequence and a 129 aa mature chain. Mature canine IL-21 is 86%, 73%, 66%, and 64% aa identical to mature bovine, human, mouse and rat IL-21, respectively. IL-21 binds to a heterodimeric receptor, which is formed by the common gamma -chain subunit (CD134), shared with IL-2, IL-4, IL-7, IL-9, IL-13, and IL-15 receptors, and its own receptor, IL‑21 R, a member of the class I cytokine receptor family (1‑2). IL-21 R is expressed on a variety of immune cells, including B cells, T cells, dendritic cells, and NK cells, as well as non-immune cells, such as fibroblasts, epithelial cells, and endothelial cells (1‑2, 5). Binding of IL-21 to its receptor leads to the activation of members of the JAK-family protein tyrosine kinases, JAK1 and JAK3, and signal transducer and activator of transcription (Stat) molecules (1). IL-21 regulates activation, proliferation, and survival of both CD4⁺ T cells and B cells, the functional activity of CD8⁺ T cells and NK cells, and limits the differentiation of inducible regulatory T cells and counteracts their suppressive properties on effector T cells (1, 5‑6). IL-21 also negatively regulates the maturation and function of dendritic cells (1, 5‑6). IL‑21 also plays a role in many inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, such as Crohn’s disease, Helicobacter pylori‑related gastritis, celiac disease, type I diabetes mellitus, psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, and systemic lupus erythematosus (1). IL‑21 is also involved in controlling chronic viral infections (7).

1. Monteleone, G. et al. (2009) Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 20:185.
2. Parrish-Novak, J. et al. (2000) Nature 408:57.
3. Coquet, J.M. et al. (2007) J. Immunol.178:2827.
4. Vogelzang, A. et al. (2008) Immunity 29:127.
5. Monteleone, G. et al. (2008) Trends Immunol. 29:290.
6. Spolski, R. et al. (2008) Curr. Opin. Immunol. 20:295.
7. Yi, J.S. et al. (2009) Science 324:1572.

Limitations

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.