Recombinant Human GM-CSF Protein

Product Discontinued

Recombinant Human GM-CSF Protein Summary

• Description: Recombinant biologically active GM-CSF protein.

  Source:E. coli

• Preparation Method: Protein quantitation was carried out by two independent methods: 1.UV spectroscopy at 280 nm using the absorbency value of 0.963 as the extinctioncoefficient for a 0.1% (1mg/ml) solution. This value is calculated by the PC GENEcomputer analysis program of protein sequences (IntelliGenetics).2. Analysis by RP-HPLC, using a standard solution of GM-CSF as a Reference Standard.
• Details of Functionality: GM-CSF is fully biologically active when compared to standard.The ED50 as determined by the dose-dependant stimulation of the proliferation of human TF-1 cells (human erythroleukemic indicator cell line) is less then 0.1 ng/ml, corresponding to a Specific Activity of 11.1x10^6 IU/mg.
• Source: E. coli
• Protein/Peptide Type: Recombinant Protein
• Gene: CSF2
• Purity: > 98 % pure by SDS-PAGE and HPLC
• Endotoxin Note: Less than 0.1 ng/ug (IEU/ug) of GM-CSF .

Applications/Dilutions

• Dilutions:
  • Bioactivity
• Theoretical MW: 14.4 kDa.
  Disclaimer note: The observed molecular weight of the protein may vary from the listed predicted molecular weight due to post translational modifications, post translation cleavages, relative charges, and other experimental factors.

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Store at -20C. Avoid freeze-thaw cycles.
• Buffer: Lyophilized after extensive dialysis against 2mM sodium phosphate buffer pH= 7.4 (plus or minus 0.1).
• Preservative: No Preservative
• Concentration: LYOPH
• Purity: > 98 % pure by SDS-PAGE and HPLC
• Reconstitution Instructions: Reconstitute with sterilized 18 M omega-cm water to a final concentration of at least 0.1 mg/ml.

Notes

After reconstitution, store at 4C short term. Aliquot and store at -20C long term. Avoid freeze-thaw cycles.

Alternate Names for Recombinant Human GM-CSF Protein

• colony stimulating factor 2 (granulocyte-macrophage)
• Colony-stimulating factor
• CSF
• CSF2
• CSF-2
• GMCSF
• GM-CSF
• GMCSFgranulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor
• granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor
• MGC131935
• MGC138897
• Molgramostim
• Molgramostin
• Sargramostim

Background

Granulocyte Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor (GM-CSF) was first characterized as a growth factor that supports the in-vitro colony formation of granulocytes-macrophages progenitor cells. It is a pleiotropic cytokine and a member of a family of endogenous cytokines of the hematopoietic system. GM-CSF is produced as a response to immune or inflammatory stimuli by activated cells of the hematopoietic system such as T cells, B cells, macrophages, mast cells and also fibroblasts and alveolar epithelial cells. It plays an important role in regulating the proliferation, differentiation, survival and activation of hematopoietic cells such as granulocytes and monocytes ,neutrophiles, basophiles and eosonophoiles, erythroid cells, megakaryocytes and T cells. Human and mouse GM-CSF have about 56% homology and are species specific. Human GM-CSF is not active on mouse cells and vice versa. It is active on canine and feline cells.GMCSF is 144 amino acids, 22kDa glycoprotein. It is composed of four bundles alpha helices. Its receptor is heterodimers with a ligand-specific alpha subunit and a betac subunit that is shared with the interleukin IL-3 and IL-5 receptors. This unusual form of receptor assembly likely applies also to IL-3 and IL-5 receptors. Cross-linking the two receptor subunits is required for receptor activation and signaling . GMCSF has been shown to be involved in maturation, mobilization and antigen presentation of myeloid dentritic cells (DCs) in-vivo or ex-vivo. This function promotes Th1 immune responses, cytotoxcity, anti-angiogenesis as well as allergic inflammation, and the development of autoimmunity. Therefore GMCSF can be used in immunotherapy for the treatment of immune suppressed and immune-compromised patients as well as in veterinary medicine for the same purpose. GM-CSF is also important in regulation of embryo development and pregnancy and specifically in embryo implantation and subsequent development.

Limitations

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Peptides and proteins are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.

Bioinformatics

• Gene Symbol: CSF2