EGLN1/PHD2 Antibody (366G/76/3) - Azide and BSA Free

Western Blot: EGLN1/PHD2 Antibody (366G/76/3) - Azide and BSA Free [NBP2-80712] - Aanalysis in HeLa whole cell extracts using NBP1-30328. Image from the standard format of this antibody.

Immunohistochemistry: EGLN1/PHD2 Antibody (366G/76/3) - Azide and BSA Free [NBP2-80712] - Analysis of PHD2 in human renal cancer using DAB with hematoxylin counterstain. Image from the standard format of this antibody.

Simple Western: EGLN1/PHD2 Antibody (366G/76/3) - Azide and BSA Free [NBP2-80712] - Lane view shows a specific band for EGLN1/PHD2 in 0.5 mg/mL of HeLa lysate. This experiment was performed under reducing conditions using the 12-230 kDa separation system. Image from the standard format of this antibody.

• Reactivity: Hu, Mu, Rt
• Applications: WB, Simple Western, IHC
• Clone: 366G/76/3
• Clonality: Monoclonal
• Host: Mouse
• Conjugate: Unconjugated
• Format: Azide and BSA Free
• Concentration: 1 mg/ml

EGLN1/PHD2 Antibody (366G/76/3) - Azide and BSA Free Summary

• Description: Novus Biologicals Mouse EGLN1/PHD2 Antibody (366G/76/3) - Azide and BSA Free (NBP1-30328) is a monoclonal antibody validated for use in IHC, WB and Simple Western. All Novus Biologicals antibodies are covered by our 100% guarantee.
• Immunogen: This EGLN1/PHD2 antibody was developed against a peptide within residues 1-50 of human PHD2/HIF Prolyl Hydroxylase 2. [Swiss-Prot# Q9GZT9]
• Isotype: IgG1
• Clonality: Monoclonal
• Host: Mouse
• Gene: EGLN1
• Purity: Protein G purified

Applications/Dilutions

• Dilutions:
  • Immunohistochemistry 1:400
  • Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin 1:400
  • Simple Western 1:50
  • Western Blot 0.5 - 2.0 ug/mL
• Application Notes: This HIF Prolyl Hydroxylase 2 antibody is useful for Immunohistochemistry paraffin embedded sections, and Western Blot analysis where a band can be seen at approx. 46 kDa. Prior to immunostaining paraffin tissues, antigen retrieval with sodium citrate buffer (pH 6.0) is recommended.
  
  In Simple Western only 10 - 15 uL of the recommended dilution is used per data point.
  See Simple Western Antibody Database for Simple Western validation: antibody dilution of 1:50. Separated by Size-Wes, Sally Sue/Peggy Sue.
• Theoretical MW: 46 kDa.
  Disclaimer note: The observed molecular weight of the protein may vary from the listed predicted molecular weight due to post translational modifications, post translation cleavages, relative charges, and other experimental factors.

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Store at 4C short term. Aliquot and store at -20C long term. Avoid freeze-thaw cycles.
• Buffer: Tris-Glycine, 0.15 M NaCl
• Preservative: No Preservative
• Concentration: 1 mg/ml
• Purity: Protein G purified

Alternate Names for EGLN1/PHD2 Antibody (366G/76/3) - Azide and BSA Free

• C1orf12
• EC 1.14.11.29
• EC:1.14.11.291
• ECYT3
• egl nine homolog 1
• egl nine-like protein 1
• EGLN1
• HALAH
• HIF prolyl hydroxylase 2
• HIFPH2
• HIF-PH2
• HIF-prolyl hydroxylase 2
• HPH2
• HPH-2
• Hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase 2
• PHD2
• PNAS-118
• PNAS-137
• Prolyl hydroxylase domain-containing protein 2
• SM20
• SM-20
• zinc finger MYND domain-containing protein 6
• ZMYND6

Background

PHD2 (Prolyl Hydroxylase Domain-containing protein 2) belongs to the Prolyl-4-hydroxylase domain (PHD) family of proteins and is encoded by the Egl-9 Family Hypoxia Inducible Factor 1 (EGLN1) gene (1). Human EGLN1/PHD2 is a ubiquitously expressed enzyme that is 426 amino acids (aa) long with a theoretical molecular weight of ~46 kDa. Structurally PHD2 contains a nuclear export signal (NES, aa 6-20), an N-terminal MYND zinc finger domain (aa 21-58), and a C-terminal catalytic domain (aa 291-392) (2, 3). Functionally, PHD2 serves as an oxygen sensor and is responsible for post-translational modification of Hypoxia-inducible factor alpha (HIF-1alpha), a component of a transcriptional complex involved in oxygen homeostasis (1-3). During normoxia, PHD2 is responsible for oxygen-dependent hydroxylation of HIF-1alpha proline residue 402, 564, or both (3). The hydroxylation event promotes the binding of von Hippel-Lindau protein (VHL) and targets HIF1-alpha for ubiquitination and degradation (4, 5).

EGLN1/PHD2 has been implicated in several critical processes including erythropoiesis, angiogenesis, and metabolism as well as various pathologies such as cancer (2, 5, 6). Studies in mice have found that somatic deletion of PHD2 resulted in higher vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) levels, increased blood vessel formation, and more erythropoietin (EPO), leading to severe polycythemia or erythrocytosis (high red blood cell (RBC) volume) (6). Another study revealed that specific point mutations in EGLN1/PHD2 led to elevated EPO and RBC mass associated with hemorrhages and strokes (6). Accordingly, given the known role of PHD2 in inhibition of EPO production, PHD2 inhibitors are being studied as a potential therapeutic for anemia (6). Additionally, dysregulation in EGLN1, and specifically the PHD2-VHL-HIF-1alpha pathway, has been associated with the development of pheochromocytomas (PCC) and sympathetic paragangliomas (PGL), which are rare neuroendocrine tumors (2). Besides pathological features, EGLN1/PHD2 may also be important for high altitude adaptation as two coding sequence variants in PHD2 are prevalent in the Tibetan population but is very rare in people at lower altitudes (2).

Alternate names for EGLN1/PHD2 include HIF Prolyl Hydroxylase 2, PH2, Prolyl hydroxylase domain containing protein 2, HIF2PH2, HIF-Prolyl hydroxylase 2, egl nine homolog 1, and C1orf12.

References

1. Amorim-Pires, D., Peixoto, J., & Lima, J. (2016). Hypoxia Pathway Mutations in Pheochromocytomas and Paragangliomas. Cytogenetic and genome research. https://doi.org/10.1159/000457479

2. Gardie, B., Percy, M. J., Hoogewijs, D., Chowdhury, R., Bento, C., Arsenault, P. R., Richard, S., Almeida, H., Ewing, J., Lambert, F., McMullin, M. F., Schofield, C. J., & Lee, F. S. (2014). The role of PHD2 mutations in the pathogenesis of erythrocytosis. Hypoxia (Auckland, N.Z.). https://doi.org/10.2147/HP.S54455

3. Minervini, G., Quaglia, F., & Tosatto, S. C. (2015). Insights into the proline hydroxylase (PHD) family, molecular evolution and its impact on human health. Biochimie. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biochi.2015.07.009

4. Semenza G. L. (2007). Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) pathway. Science's STKE : signal transduction knowledge environment. https://doi.org/10.1126/stke.4072007cm8

5. Chan, D. A., & Giaccia, A. J. (2010). PHD2 in tumour angiogenesis. British journal of cancer. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.bjc.6605682

6. Meneses, A. M., & Wielockx, B. (2016). PHD2: from hypoxia regulation to disease progression. Hypoxia (Auckland, N.Z.). https://doi.org/10.2147/HP.S53576

Limitations

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.

FAQs for EGLN1/PHD2 Antibody (NBP2-80712). (Showing 1 - 2 of 2 FAQ).

1. I would like to use this antibody but it has not been validated in my species of interest. Is there any way I can find out if it will work?
   • We offer risk-free testing of all of our primary antibodies. Please check out our Innovator's Reward Program and test this EGLN1-PHD2 antibody in any unvalidated species or application, without the financial risk of failure.
2. How do I choose secondary antibodies to label the same cells when I have two primary antibodies from the same host?
   • Use isotype-specific secondary antibodies if the primary antibodies are of different isotypes. You can also make direct conjugates of the primary antibodies by use of antibody labeling kits, dyes, or custom conjugations (please contact Technical Support for custom orders).

Bioinformatics

• Gene Symbol: EGLN1