CCL4/MIP-1 beta Antibody (46907) [Unconjugated]

Recombinant Mouse CCL4/MIP‑1 beta (Catalog # 451-MB) chemoattracts the BaF3 mouse pro‑B cell line transfected with human CCR5 in a dose-dependent manner (orange line). The amount of cells that migrated through to the lower chemotaxis chamber was measured by Resazurin (Catalog # AR002). Chemotaxis elicited by Recombinant Mouse CCL4/MIP‑1 beta (25 ng/mL) is neutralized (green line) by increasing concentrations of Rat Anti-Mouse CCL4/MIP‑1 beta Monoclonal Antibody (Catalog # MAB451). The ND50 is typically 1-3 µg/mL.

• Reactivity: Mu
• Applications: B/N
• Clone: 46907
• Clonality: Monoclonal
• Host: Rat
• Conjugate: Unconjugated

CCL4/MIP-1 beta Antibody (46907) [Unconjugated] Summary

• Immunogen: E. coli-derived recombinant mouse CCL4/MIP-1 beta
  Ala24-Asn92
  Accession # Q5QNV9
• Specificity: Detects mouse CCL4/MIP-1 beta in ELISAs. Does not cross-react with recombinant human (rh) CCL1, 2, 4/MIP-1 alpha , 4/MIP-1 beta , 5, 7, 8, 11, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, rmCCL1, 2, 4/MIP-1 alpha , 4/MIP-1 beta , 5, 6, 7, 9/10, 11, 12, 17, 19, 20, 21, 22, 24, 25, or rrCCL20.
• Source: N/A
• Isotype: IgG2a
• Clonality: Monoclonal
• Host: Rat
• Gene: CCL4
• Purity Statement: Protein A or G purified from hybridoma culture supernatant
• Endotoxin Note: <0.10 EU per 1 μg of the antibody by the LAL method.

Applications/Dilutions

• Dilutions:
  • Neutralization 1-3 ug/mL

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
• Buffer: Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with Trehalose. *Small pack size (SP) is supplied either lyophilized or as a 0.2 µm filtered solution in PBS.
• Preservative: No Preservative
• Reconstitution Instructions: Reconstitute at 0.5 mg/mL in sterile PBS.

Notes

This product is produced by and ships from R&D Systems, Inc., a Bio-Techne brand.

Alternate Names for CCL4/MIP-1 beta Antibody (46907) [Unconjugated]

• ACT2
• ACT-2
• AT744.1
• C-C motif chemokine 4
• CCL4
• chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 4
• Exodus-3
• G-26 T-lymphocyte-secreted protein
• G-26
• HC21
• LAG1
• LAG-1
• Lymphocyte activation gene 1 protein
• Macrophage inflammatory protein 1-beta
• MIP1 beta
• MIP-1 beta
• MIP1B
• MIP1B1
• MIP-1-beta
• MIP-1-beta(1-69)
• PAT 744
• Protein H400
• SCYA2
• SCYA4
• secreted protein G-26
• SIS-gamma
• small inducible cytokine A4 (homologous to mouse Mip-1b)
• Small-inducible cytokine A4
• T-cell activation protein 2

Background

CCL4, also known as macrophage inflammatory protein 1 beta (MIP-1 beta ), is a 12 kDa beta chemokine that is secreted at sites of inflammation by activated leukocytes, lymphocytes, vascular endothelial cells, and pulmonary smooth muscle cells (1, 2). CCL4 attracts a variety of immune cells to sites of microbial infection as well as to other pathologic inflammation such as allergic asthma and ischemic myocardium (3-8). A CCL4 deficiency in mice promotes the development of autoantibodies, possibly as a result of compromised regulatory T cell recruitment (6). CCL4 is secreted from activated monocytes as a heterodimer with CCL3/MIP-1 alpha (9). The first two N-terminal amino acids can be cleaved from human CCL4 by CD26/DPPIV (10, 11). Both the full length and truncated forms exert biological activity through CCR5, and the truncated form additionally interacts with CCR1 and CCR2 (10). In humans, the ability of CCL4 to bind CCR5 inhibits the cellular entry of M-tropic HIV-1 which utilizes CCR5 as a co-receptor (2). Both forms of CCL4 block HIV-1 infection of T cells by inducing the downregulation of CCR5 (10). Mature mouse CCL4 shares 77% and 86% amino acid sequence identity with human and rat CCL4, respectively.

1. Rot, A. and U.H. von Andrian (2004) Annu. Rev. Immunol. 22:891.
2. Menten, P. et al. (2002) Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 13:455.
3. Sun, X. et al. (2006) Infec. Immun. 74:5943.
4. Bisset, L.R. and Schmid-Grendelmeier, P. (2005) Curr. Opin. Pulm. Med. 11:35.
5. Frangogiannis, N.G. (2004) Inflamm. Res. 53:585.
6. Bystry, R.S. et al. (2001) Nat. Immunol. 2:1126.
7. Oliveira, S.H.P. et al. (2002) J. Leukoc. Biol. 71:1019.
8. Schall, T.J. et al. (1993) J. Exp. Med. 177:1821.
9. Guan, E. et al. (2001) J. Biol. Chem. 276:12404.
10. Guan, E. et al. (2002) J. Biol. Chem. 277:32348.
11. Guan, E. et al. (2004) J. Cell. Biochem. 92:53.

Limitations

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.

Publications for CCL4/MIP-1 beta Antibody (MAB451)(11)

Publications using MAB451

• Ting-Ting Chang, Jaw-Wen Chen Direct CCL4 Inhibition Modulates Gut Microbiota, Reduces Circulating Trimethylamine N-Oxide, and Improves Glucose and Lipid Metabolism in High-Fat-Diet-Induced Diabetes Mellitus Journal of Inflammation Research 11/27/2021 [PMID: 34866923]
• Ting-Ting Chang, Liang-Yu Lin, Jaw-Wen Chen A Novel Resolution of Diabetes: C-C Chemokine Motif Ligand 4 Is a Common Target in Different Types of Diabetes by Protecting Pancreatic Islet Cell and Modulating Inflammation Frontiers in Immunology 4/23/2021 [PMID: 33968046]
• Jorge Luis Galeano Niño, Sophie V Pageon, Szun S Tay, Feyza Colakoglu, Daryan Kempe, Jack Hywood et al. Cytotoxic T cells swarm by homotypic chemokine signalling eLife 10/13/2020 [PMID: 33046212]
• Chang TT, Yang HY, Chen C, Chen JW. CCL4 Inhibition in Atherosclerosis: Effects on Plaque Stability, Endothelial Cell Adhesiveness, and Macrophages Activation International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2020-09-08 [PMID: 32911750]
• Na Zhao, Hien Dang, Lichun Ma, Sean P. Martin, Marshonna Forgues, Kris Ylaya et al. Intratumoral gamma δ T‐Cell Infiltrates, Chemokine (C‐C Motif) Ligand 4/Chemokine (C‐C Motif) Ligand 5 Protein Expression and Survival in Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma Hepatology 2022-05-28 [PMID: 32502310]
• Ortiz M, Kumar V, Martner A, Mony S, Donthireddy L, Condamine T, Seykora J, Knight S, Malietzis G, Lee G, Moorghen M, Lenox B, Luetteke N, Celis E, Gabrilovich D Immature myeloid cells directly contribute to skin tumor development by recruiting IL-17-producing CD4+ T cells. J Exp Med, 2015-02-09;212(3):351-67. 2015-02-09 [PMID: 25667306] (Neutralization, Mouse)
• Hsueh-Cheng Sung, Sara Lemos, Patricia Ribeiro-Santos, Kateryna Kozyrytska, Florence Vasseur, Agnès Legrand et al. Cognate antigen stimulation generates potent CD8(+) inflammatory effector T cells Frontiers in Immunology 2013-12-16 [PMID: 24379814]
• Kroetz DN, Deepe GS An aberrant thymus in CCR5-/- mice is coupled with an enhanced adaptive immune response in fungal infection. J. Immunol., 2011-04-08;186(10):5949-55. 2011-04-08 [PMID: 21478401] (Neutralization, Mouse)
• Meagher C, Beilke J, Arreaza G Neutralization of interleukin-16 protects nonobese diabetic mice from autoimmune type 1 diabetes by a CCL4-dependent mechanism. Diabetes, 2010-08-06;59(11):2862-71. 2010-08-06 [PMID: 20693344] (Neutralization, Mouse)
• Fujita H, Asahina A, Komine M, Tamaki K The direct action of 1alpha,25(OH)2-vitamin D3 on purified mouse Langerhans cells. Cell. Immunol., 2007-05-15;245(2):70-9. 2007-05-15 [PMID: 17507001] (Neutralization, Mouse)
• Guo RF, Lentsch AB, Warner RL, Huber-Lang M, Sarma JV, Hlaing T, Shi MM, Lukacs NW, Ward PA Regulatory effects of eotaxin on acute lung inflammatory injury. J. Immunol., 2001-04-15;166(8):5208-18. 2001-04-15 [PMID: 11290805] (ELISA Development, Mouse)

Bioinformatics

• Gene Symbol: CCL4
• Uniprot:
  • Q5QNV9()