alpha-Smooth Muscle Actin Antibody (E184)

Product Discontinued

alpha-Smooth Muscle Actin Antibody (E184) Summary

• Immunogen: Synthetic peptide corresponding to N-terminus (Human)
• Marker: Mesenchymal Cell Marker
• Specificity: A synthetic peptide corresponding to N-terminus of human Alpha-actin 3 was used as immunogen. This only detects actin in smooth muscle in immunohistochemistry.
• Isotype: IgG
• Clonality: Monoclonal
• Host: Rabbit
• Gene: ACTA2
• Purity: Protein A or G purified

Applications/Dilutions

• Dilutions:
  • Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence 1:10-1:500
  • Immunohistochemistry 1:1000-1:2000
  • Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin
  • Western Blot 1:1000 - 1:5000
• Application Notes: This antibody is useful for Immunohistochemistry (PMID: 21635249).
• Control:

  actin, gamma 2 Overexpression Lysate

Reactivity Notes

Human and Mouse.

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Store at -20C. Avoid freeze-thaw cycles.
• Buffer: 49% PBS, 0.05% BSA and 50% Glycerol
• Preservative: 0.01% Sodium Azide
• Purity: Protein A or G purified

Notes

Produced using Abcam's RabMab® technology. RabMab® technology is covered by the following U.S. Patents, No. 5,675,063 and/or 7,429,487.

Alternate Names for alpha-Smooth Muscle Actin Antibody (E184)

• AAT6
• ACTA2
• Actin alpha 2
• actin, alpha 2, smooth muscle, aorta
• actin, aortic smooth muscle
• ACTSA
• ACTVS
• alpha 2 actin
• alpha SMA
• alpha smooth muscle actin
• alpha-actin-2
• alpha-SMA
• alphaSmooth Muscle Actin
• alpha-Smooth Muscle Actin
• a-sma
• Cell growth-inhibiting gene 46 protein
• growth-inhibiting gene 46
• MYMY5
• SMA
• smooth muscle actin

Background

Actin proteins are highly conserved in eukaryotic cells and are involved in cell motility, structure and integrity. Actin and myosin are involved in a myriad of cellular processes including locomotion, secretion, cytoplasmic streaming, phagocytosis and cytokinesis. Actin filaments, along with microtubules, comprise a major component of the cytoskeleton and play essential roles in regulating cell shape and movement. Actin has been found to be expressed in at least six isoforms, each encoded by a separate gene and expressed in a developmentally regulated and tissue-specific manner. Alpha, beta and gamma actin isoforms have been identified. Alpha actins are a major constituent of the contractile apparatus, whereas beta and gamma actins are involved in the regulation of cell motility.

ACTA2 encodes alpha Smooth Muscle Actin and is also known as alpha-actin, alpha-actin-2, aortic smooth muscle or alpha smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA, SMactin, alpha-SM-actin, ASMA). Alpha Smooth Muscle Actin is frequently used as a marker of smooth muscle differentiation and has a theoretical molecular weight of 42 kDa. Smooth muscle alpha actin is one of a few genes whose expression is predominantly expressed in vascular smooth muscle cells that is used to study myofibroblasts and fibrosis (1). Excessive accumulation of alpha smooth muscle actin-positive (ACTA2+) activated myofibroblasts is observed in Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (2). Expression of smooth muscle alpha actin is regulated by cell proliferation and is altered in pathological conditions including atherosclerosis and is common in metastatic cancers (1,3).

References

1. Chakraborty, R., Saddouk, F. Z., Carrao, A. C., Krause, D. S., Greif, D. M., & Martin, K. A. (2019). Promoters to Study Vascular Smooth Muscle. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, 39(4), 603-612. doi:10.1161/atvbaha.119.312449

2 .El Agha, E., Moiseenko, A., Kheirollahi, V., De Langhe, S., Crnkovic, S., Kwapiszewska, G., . . . Bellusci, S. (2017). Two-Way Conversion between Lipogenic and Myogenic Fibroblastic Phenotypes Marks the Progression and Resolution of Lung Fibrosis. Cell Stem Cell, 20(2), 261-273.e263. doi:10.1016/j.stem.2016.10.004

3. Chen, Y. C., Gonzalez, M. E., Burman, B., Zhao, X., Anwar, T., Tran, M., . . . Kleer, C. G. (2019). Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cell Engulfment Reveals Metastatic Advantage in Breast Cancer. Cell Rep, 27(13), 3916-3926.e3915. doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2019.05.084

Limitations

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.

Publications for alpha-Smooth Muscle Actin Antibody (NB110-55432)(8)

Publications using NB110-55432

• Krishnan A, Abdullah TS, Mounajjed T et al. A longitudinal study of whole body, tissue, and cellular physiology in a mouse model of fibrosing NASH with high fidelity to the human condition. Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. 2017-06-01 [PMID: 28232454] (IHC-P, Mouse)
• Hermann S, Kuhlmann MT, Starsichova A et al. Imaging Reveals the Connection Between Spontaneous Coronary Plaque Ruptures, Atherothrombosis, and Myocardial Infarctions in HypoE/SRBI-/- Mice. J. Nucl. Med. 2016-09-01 [PMID: 27127225]
• Akiho Hirotada, Tokita Yohei, Nakamura Kazuhiko et al. Involvement of interleukin-17A-induced hypercontractility of intestinal smooth muscle cells in persistent gut motor dysfunction. PLoS One 2014-01-01 [PMID: 24796324] (ICC/IF, Mouse)
• Nakamura I, Zakharia K, Banini BA et al. Brivanib Attenuates Hepatic Fibrosis In Vivo and Stellate Cell Activation In Vitro by Inhibition of FGF, VEGF and PDGF Signaling. PLoS ONE 2014-04-08 [PMID: 24710173] (IHC-P, Mouse)
• Dunham RM, Thapa M, Velazquez VM et al. Hepatic stellate cells preferentially induce Foxp3+ regulatory T cells by production of retinoic acid. J Immunol. 2013-03-01 [PMID: 23359509] (ICC/IF, Mouse)
• Krishnan A, Li X, Kao WY et al. Lumican, an extracellular matrix proteoglycan, is a novel requisite for hepatic fibrosis Lab Invest 2012-09-24 [PMID: 23007134] (IF/IHC, Mouse)
• Charlton M, Krishnan A, Viker K et al. Fast food diet mouse: novel small animal model of NASH with ballooning, progressive fibrosis, and high physiological fidelity to the human condition. Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. 301(5):G825-834. 2011-11-01 [PMID: 21836057]
• Mabbott NA, Kenneth Baillie J, Kobayashi A et al. Expression of mesenchyme-specific gene signatures by follicular dendritic cells: insights from the meta-analysis of microarray data from multiple mouse cell populations Immunology 2011-08-01 [PMID: 21635249] (ICC/IF, IF/IHC, Mouse)

Reviews for alpha-Smooth Muscle Actin Antibody (NB110-55432) (2)

Average Rating: 4.5

(Based on 2 reviews)

We have 2 reviews tested in 2 species: Human, Mouse.

reviewed by: Youngmok Lee WB Human 08/31/2010

Summary

• Application: Western Blot
• Sample Tested: Whole cell lyaste, Sample Amount: 50 ug
• Species: Human
• Lot: 11537

reviewed by: Verified Customer IHC Mouse 01/28/2009

Summary

• Application: Immunohistochemistry
• Sample Tested: Mouse tissue sections-liver
• Species: Mouse
• Lot: E02201

FAQs for alpha-Smooth Muscle Actin Antibody (NB110-55432). (Showing 1 - 1 of 1 FAQs).

1. I do not see horse listed as a predicted or confirmed species. Would you be able to confirm if any of your alpha-SMA antibodies will react with equine samples?
   • We have not directly tested equine samples nor do we have cited publications that have tested equine samples. Since alpha-Smooth Muscle Actin is a highly conserved sequence, these antibodies should react with most mammal species.

Bioinformatics

• Gene Symbol: ACTA2
• Entrez:
  • 59(Human)
  • 11468(Mouse)
  • 25365(Rat)
• Uniprot:
  • P63267(Human)