AGER Antibody [Unconjugated]

Western blot shows lysates of human lung tissue. PVDF membrane was probed with 1 µg/mL of Goat Anti-Human/Mouse/Rat RAGE Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF1179) followed by HRP-conjugated Anti-Goat IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog # HAF017). A specific band was detected for RAGE at approximately 50 kDa (as indicated). This experiment was conducted under reducing conditions and using Immunoblot Buffer Group 1.

RAGE was detected in immersion fixed frozen sections of mouse brain using Goat Anti-Mouse/Rat RAGE Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF1179) at 15 µg/mL overnight at 4 °C. Tissue was stained using the NorthernLights™ 557-conjugated Anti-Goat IgG Secondary Antibody (red; Catalog # NL001) and counterstained with DAPI (blue). Specific staining was localized to neurons. View our protocol for Fluorescent IHC Staining of Frozen Tissue Sections.

Western blot shows lysates of mouse lung tissue and rat lung tissue. PVDF membrane was probed with 0.1 µg/mL of Goat Anti-Human/Mouse/Rat RAGE Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF1179) followed by HRP-conjugated Anti-Goat IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog # HAF017). Specific bands were detected for RAGE at approximately 40-50 kDa (as indicated). This experiment was conducted under reducing conditions and using Immunoblot Buffer Group 1.

• Reactivity: Hu, Mu, Rt
• Applications: WB, IHC, B/N
• Clonality: Polyclonal
• Host: Goat
• Conjugate: Unconjugated
• Concentration: LYOPH

AGER Antibody [Unconjugated] Summary

• Immunogen: Mouse myeloma cell line NS0-derived recombinant mouse RAGE
  Gln24-Ala342
  Accession # O35444
• Specificity: Detects human, mouse, and rat RAGE in Western blots. In direct ELISAs, less than 2% cross-reactivity with recombinant canine RAGE is observed.
• Source: N/A
• Isotype: IgG
• Clonality: Polyclonal
• Host: Goat
• Gene: Ager
• Endotoxin Note: <0.10 EU per 1 μg of the antibody by the LAL method.

Applications/Dilutions

• Dilutions:
  • Western Blot 0.1-1 ug/mL
  • Immunohistochemistry 5-15 ug/mL
  • Blockade of Receptor-ligand Interaction

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
• Buffer: Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with Trehalose. *Small pack size (SP) is supplied as a 0.2 µm filtered solution in PBS.
• Preservative: No Preservative
• Concentration: LYOPH
• Reconstitution Instructions: Reconstitute at 0.2 mg/mL in sterile PBS.

Notes

This product is produced by and ships from R&D Systems, Inc., a Bio-Techne brand.

Alternate Names for AGER Antibody [Unconjugated]

• advanced glycosylation end product-specific receptor
• AGER
• RAGE isoform delta
• RAGE isoform sRAGE-delta
• RAGE
• Receptor for advanced glycosylation end products
• receptor for advanced glycosylation end-products
• SCARJ1

Background

Advanced glycation endproducts (AGE) are adducts formed by the non-enzymatic glycation or oxidation of macromolecules (1). AGE forms during aging and its formation is accelerated under pathophysiologic states such as diabetes, Alzheimer’s disease, renal failure and immune/inflammatory disorders. Receptor for Advanced Glycation Endoproducts (RAGE), named for its ability to bind AGE, is a multiligand receptor belonging the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily. Besides AGE, RAGE binds amyloid beta -peptide, S100/calgranulin family proteins, high mobility group B1 (HMGB1, also know as amphoterin) and leukocyte integrins (1, 2).

The mouse RAGE gene encodes a 403 amino acid (aa) residue type I transmembrane glycoprotein with a 22 aa signal peptide, a 319 aa extracellular domain containing a Ig-like V-type domain and two Ig-like Ce-type domains, a 21 aa transmembrane domain and a 41 aa cytoplasmic domain (3). The V-type domain and the cytoplasmic domain are important for ligand binding and for intracellular signaling, respectively. Two alternative splice variants, lacking the V-type domain or the cytoplasmic tail, are known (1, 4). RAGE is highly expressed in the embryonic central nervous system (5). In adult tissues, RAGE is expressed at low levels in multiple tissues including endothelial and smooth muscle cells, mononuclear phagocytes, pericytes, microglia, neurons, cardiac myocytes, and hepatocytes (6). The expression of RAGE is upregulated upon ligand interaction. Depending on the cellular context and interacting ligand, RAGE activation can trigger differential signaling pathways that affect divergent pathways of gene expression (1, 7). RAGE activation modulates varied essential cellular responses (including inflammation, immunity, proliferation, cellular adhesion, and migration) that contribute to cellular dysfunction associated with chronic diseases such as diabetes, cancer, amyloidoses, and immune or inflammatory disorders (1).

1. Schmidt, A. et al. (2001) J. Clin. Invest. 108:949.
2. Chavakis, T. et al. (2003) J. Exp. Med. 198:507.
3. Renard, C. et al. (1997) Mol. Pharmacol. 52:54.
4. Yonekura, H. et al. (2003) Biochem. J. 370:1097.
5. Hori, O. et al. (1995) J. Biol. Chem. 270:25752.
6. Brett, J. et al. (1993) Am. J. Pathol. 143:1699.
7. Valencia, J.V. et al. (2004) Diabetes 53:743.

Limitations

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.

Publications for AGER Antibody (AF1179)(10)

Publications using AF1179

• KA Sanders, DA Delker, T Hueckstead, E Beck, T Wuren, Y Chen, Y Zhang, MW Hazel, JR Hoidal RAGE is a Critical Mediator of Pulmonary Oxidative Stress, Alveolar Macrophage Activation and Emphysema in Response to Cigarette Smoke Sci Rep, 2019;9(1):231. 2019 [PMID: 30659203] (Western Blot, Mouse)
• L Wolf, C Herr, J Niederstra, C Beisswenge, R Bals Receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE) maintains pulmonary structure and regulates the response to cigarette smoke PLoS ONE, 2017;12(7):e0180092. 2017 [PMID: 28678851] (IHC, Mouse)
• Goury A, Meghraoui-Kheddar A, Belmokhtar K, Vuiblet V, Ortillon J, Jaisson S, Devy J, Le Naour R, Tabary T, Cohen J, Schmidt A, Rieu P, Toure F Deletion of receptor for advanced glycation end products exacerbates lymphoproliferative syndrome and lupus nephritis in B6-MRL Fas lpr/j mice. J Immunol, 2015;194(8):3612-22. 2015 [PMID: 25762779] (Flow Cytometry, Mouse)
• Sade-Feldman M, Kanterman J, Ish-Shalom E, Elnekave M, Horwitz E, Baniyash M Tumor necrosis factor-alpha blocks differentiation and enhances suppressive activity of immature myeloid cells during chronic inflammation. Immunity, 2013;38(3):541-54. 2013 [PMID: 23477736] (Western Blot, Mouse)
• Mallidis C, Czerwiec A, Filippi S, O'Neill J, Maggi M, McClure N Spermatogenic and sperm quality differences in an experimental model of metabolic syndrome and hypogonadal hypogonadism. Reproduction, 2011;142(1):63-71. 2011 [PMID: 21464116] (IHC-P, Rabbit)
• Yamakawa N, Uchida T, Matthay MA, Makita K Proteolytic release of the receptor for advanced glycation end products from in vitro and in situ alveolar epithelial cells. Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell Mol. Physiol., 2011;300(4):L516-25. 2011 [PMID: 21257730] (ICC, Rat)
• Sakatani S, Seto-Ohshima A, Shinohara Y, Yamamoto Y, Yamamoto H, Itohara S, Hirase H Neural-activity-dependent release of S100B from astrocytes enhances kainate-induced gamma oscillations in vivo. J. Neurosci., 2008;28(43):10928-36. 2008 [PMID: 18945900] (Electrophysiology, Rat)
• Zhang SX, Miller JJ, Stolz DB, Serpero LD, Zhao W, Gozal D, Wang Y Type I epithelial cells are the main target of whole-body hypoxic preconditioning in the lung. Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., 2009;40(3):332-9. 2009 [PMID: 18776132] (Western Blot, Mouse)
• Harja E, Bu DX, Hudson BI, Chang JS, Shen X, Hallam K, Kalea AZ, Lu Y, Rosario RH, Oruganti S, Nikolla Z, Belov D, Lalla E, Ramasamy R, Yan SF, Schmidt AM Vascular and inflammatory stresses mediate atherosclerosis via RAGE and its ligands in apoE-/- mice. J. Clin. Invest., 2008;118(1):183-94. 2008 [PMID: 18079965] (Western Blot, Mouse)
• Mitola S, Belleri M, Urbinati C, Coltrini D, Sparatore B, Pedrazzi M, Melloni E, Presta M Cutting edge: extracellular high mobility group box-1 protein is a proangiogenic cytokine. J. Immunol., 2006;176(1):12-5. 2006 [PMID: 16365390] (Neutralization, Chicken)

Bioinformatics

• Gene Symbol: Ager
• Uniprot:
  • O35444()