TGF-beta 2 Antibody [Unconjugated]

Western blot shows lysates of human heart tissue and human breast cancer tissue. PVDF membrane was probed with 0.1 µg/mL of Rabbit Anti-TGF-beta 2 Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AB-12-NA) followed by HRP-conjugated Anti-Rabbit IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog # HAF008). A specific band was detected for TGF-beta 2 at approximately 70 kDa (as indicated). This experiment was conducted under reducing conditions and using Immunoblot Buffer Group 1.

Simple Western lane view shows lysates of human heart tissue and human breast cancer tissue, loaded at 0.2 mg/mL. A specific band was detected for TGF‑ beta 2 at approximately 64 kDa (as indicated) using 5 µg/mL of Rabbit Anti-TGF‑ beta 2 Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AB-12-NA). This experiment was conducted under reducing conditions and using the 12-230 kDa separation system.

Porcine TGF‑ beta 2 (Catalog # 102-B2) inhibits Recombinant Mouse IL‑4 (Catalog # 404-ML) induced proliferation in the HT‑2 mouse T cell line in a dose-dependent manner (orange line). Inhibition of Recombinant Mouse IL‑4 (7.5 ng/mL) activity elicited by Porcine TGF‑ beta 2 (1 ng/mL) is neutralized (green line) by increasing concentrations of Rabbit Anti-TGF‑ beta 2 Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AB-12-NA). The ND50 is typically0.25-1.25 µg/mL.

MiR-30b induces expression of TGF beta 2.(A) HUVECs were transfected with either control mimic (con) or miR-30b mimic (30b) and levels of TGF beta 1 and TGF beta 2 mRNA were assessed by qRT-PCR. Expression levels relative to control mimic transfected cells and normalized to beta -actin expression are presented as the mean ± SEM (n = 2). Overexpression of miR-30b significantly increases TGF beta 2 expression. * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01 as determined by unpaired Student’s t-test. (B) Cells were transfected with 20 nM of either control mimic (control) or miR-30b mimic (miR-30b) and protein lysates were collected after 48 hours for assessment of TGF beta 2 protein levels by western blot. beta -actin was used as endogenous control. (C) ELISAs for TGF beta 1 and TGF beta 2 were performed with 24 hour conditioned supernates from HUVECs transfected with 20 nM of either control or miR-30b mimic. Data represents the mean ± SEM (n = 2). Overexpression of miR-30b significantly increases TGF beta 2 secretion into cell culture supernate. * P = 0.044 as determined by unpaired Student’s t-test. (D) HUVECs were transfected with 20 nM of either control mimic (control) or miR-30b mimic (miR-30b) and protein lysates were collected after 48 hours for assessment of Smad2 phosphorylation by western blot. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28977001), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

MiR-30b induces expression of TGF beta 2.(A) HUVECs were transfected with either control mimic (con) or miR-30b mimic (30b) and levels of TGF beta 1 and TGF beta 2 mRNA were assessed by qRT-PCR. Expression levels relative to control mimic transfected cells and normalized to beta -actin expression are presented as the mean ± SEM (n = 2). Overexpression of miR-30b significantly increases TGF beta 2 expression. * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01 as determined by unpaired Student’s t-test. (B) Cells were transfected with 20 nM of either control mimic (control) or miR-30b mimic (miR-30b) and protein lysates were collected after 48 hours for assessment of TGF beta 2 protein levels by western blot. beta -actin was used as endogenous control. (C) ELISAs for TGF beta 1 and TGF beta 2 were performed with 24 hour conditioned supernates from HUVECs transfected with 20 nM of either control or miR-30b mimic. Data represents the mean ± SEM (n = 2). Overexpression of miR-30b significantly increases TGF beta 2 secretion into cell culture supernate. * P = 0.044 as determined by unpaired Student’s t-test. (D) HUVECs were transfected with 20 nM of either control mimic (control) or miR-30b mimic (miR-30b) and protein lysates were collected after 48 hours for assessment of Smad2 phosphorylation by western blot. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28977001), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

• Reactivity: All-Multi
• Applications: WB, Simple Western, B/N
• Clonality: Polyclonal
• Host: Rabbit
• Conjugate: Unconjugated
• Concentration: LYOPH

TGF-beta 2 Antibody [Unconjugated] Summary

• Immunogen: Porcine platelet-derived TGF-beta 2
• Specificity: Detects TGF-beta 2 and TGF-beta 1.2 in direct ELISAs and Western blots. In direct ELISAs and Western blots, less than 2% cross-reactivity with TGF-beta 3 and TGF-beta 1 is observed.
• Source: N/A
• Isotype: IgG
• Clonality: Polyclonal
• Host: Rabbit
• Gene: TGFB2
• Purity Statement: Protein A or G purified
• Endotoxin Note: <0.10 EU per 1 μg of the antibody by the LAL method.

Applications/Dilutions

• Dilutions:
  • Neutralization 0.25-1.25 ug/mL
  • Simple Western 5 ug/mL
  • Western Blot 0.1 ug/mL

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
• Buffer: Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with Trehalose.
• Preservative: No Preservative
• Concentration: LYOPH
• Reconstitution Instructions: Reconstitute at 1 mg/mL in sterile PBS.

Notes

This product is produced by and ships from R&D Systems, Inc., a Bio-Techne brand.

Alternate Names for TGF-beta 2 Antibody [Unconjugated]

• BSC-1 cell growth inhibitor
• cetermin
• Glioblastoma-derived T-cell suppressor factor
• G-TSF
• MGC116892
• polyergin
• TGFB2
• TGFbeta 2
• TGF-beta 2
• TGF-beta2
• TGF-beta-2
• transforming growth factor beta-2
• transforming growth factor, beta 2

Background

TGF-beta 2 (transforming growth factor beta 2) is one of three closely related mammalian members of the large TGF-beta superfamily that share a characteristic cysteine knot structure (1-7). TGF-beta 1, -2 and -3 are highly pleiotropic cytokines proposed to act as cellular switches that regulate processes such as immune function, proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (1-4). Each TGF-beta isoform has some non-redundant functions; for TGF-beta 2, mice with targeted deletion show defects in development of cardiac, lung, craniofacial, limb, eye, ear and urogenital systems (2). Human TGF-beta 2 cDNA encodes a 414 amino acid (aa) precursor that contains a 19 aa signal peptide and a 395 aa proprotein (8). A furin-like convertase processes the proprotein to generate an N-terminal 232 aa latency-associated peptide (LAP) and a C-terminal 112 aa mature TGF- beta 2 (8, 9). Disulfide-linked homodimers of LAP and TGF-beta 2 remain non-covalently associated after secretion, forming the small latent TGF-beta 1 complex (8-10). Covalent linkage of LAP to one of three latent TGF-beta binding proteins (LTBPs) creates a large latent complex that may interact with the extracellular matrix (9, 10). TGF-beta is activated from latency by pathways that include actions of the protease plasmin, matrix metalloproteases, thrombospondin 1 and a subset of integrins (10). Mature human TGF-beta 2 shows 100% aa identity with porcine, canine, equine and bovine TGF-beta 2, and 97% aa identity with mouse and rat TGF-beta 2. It demonstrates cross-species activity (1). TGF-beta 2 signaling begins with binding to a complex of the accessory receptor betaglycan (also known as TGF-beta RIII) and a type II ser/thr kinase receptor termed TGF-beta RII. This receptor then phosphorylates and activates another ser/thr kinase receptor, TGF-beta RI (also called activin receptor-like kinase (ALK) -5), or alternatively, ALK-1. The whole complex phosphorylates and activates Smad proteins that regulate transcription (3, 11, 12). Use of other signaling pathways that are Smad-independent allows for disparate actions observed in response to TGF-beta in different contexts (11).

1. Sporn, M.B. (2006) Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 17:3.
2. Dunker, N. and K. Krieglstein, 2000, Eur. J. Biochem. 267:6982.
3. Wahl, S.M. (2006) Immunol. Rev. 213:213.
4. Chang, H. et al. (2002) Endocr. Rev. 23:787.
5. Lin, J.S. et al. (2006) Reproduction 132:179.
6. Hinck, A.P. et al. (1996) Biochemistry 35:8517.
7. Mittl, P.R.E. et al. (1996) Protein Sci. 5:1261.
8. deMartin, R. et al. (1987) EMBO J. 6:3673.
9. Miyazono, K. et al. (1988) J. Biol. Chem. 263:6407.
10. Oklu, R. and R. Hesketh (2000) Biochem. J. 352:601.
11. de Caestecker, M. et al. (2004) Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 15:1.
12. Zuniga, J.E. et al. (2005) J. Mol. Biol. 354:1052.

Limitations

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.

Publications for TGF-beta 2 Antibody (AB-12-NA)(6)

Publications using AB-12-NA

• GA Howe, K Kazda, CL Addison MicroRNA-30b controls endothelial cell capillary morphogenesis through regulation of transforming growth factor beta 2 PLoS ONE, 2017-10-04;12(10):e0185619. 2017-10-04 [PMID: 28977001] (Western Blot, Human)
• A Reithmeier, E Panizza, M Krumpel, LM Orre, RMM Branca, J Lehtiö, B Ek-Rylande, G Andersson Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP/ACP5) promotes metastasis-related properties via TGF?2/T?R and CD44 in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells BMC Cancer, 2017-09-15;17(1):650. 2017-09-15 [PMID: 28915803] (Neutralization, Human)
• S S Prime Cancer associated fibroblasts regulate keratinocyte cell-cell adhesion via TGF-�-dependent pathways in genotype-specific oral cancer Carcinogenesis, 2016-11-01;0(0):. 2016-11-01 [PMID: 27803052] (Neutralization, Human)
• Suda , Yoshihit, Villena , Julio, Takahashi , Yu, Hosoya , Shoichi, Tomosada , Yohsuke, Tsukida , Kohichir, Shimazu , Tomoyuki, Aso , Hisashi, Tohno , Masanori, Ishida , Mitsuhar, Makino , Seiya, Ikegami , Shuji, Kitazawa , Haruki Immunobiotic Lactobacillus jensenii as immune-health promoting factor to improve growth performance and productivity in post-weaning pigs. BMC Immunol, 2014-06-19;15(0):24. 2014-06-19 [PMID: 24943108] (Flow Cytometry, Porcine)
• Arciniegas E, Neves CY, Candelle D, Parada D Differential versican isoforms and aggrecan expression in the chicken embryo aorta. Anat Rec A Discov Mol Cell Evol Biol, 2004-07-01;279(1):592-600. 2004-07-01 [PMID: 15224401] (IHC, Chicken)
• Mozes MM, Hodics T, Kopp JB Isoform specificity of commercially-available anti-TGF-beta antibodies. J. Immunol. Methods, 1999-05-27;225(1):87-93. 1999-05-27 [PMID: 10365785] (Western Blot, Human)

Bioinformatics

• Gene Symbol: TGFB2