Recombinant Rat Erythropoietin/EPO Protein, CF

• Reactivity: Rt
• Applications: Bioactivity
• Format: Carrier-Free

Recombinant Rat Erythropoietin/EPO Protein, CF Summary

• Details of Functionality: Measured in a cell proliferation assay using TF‑1 human erythroleukemic cells. Kitamura, T. et al. (1989) J. Cell Physiol. 140:323. The ED₅₀ for this effect is 0.07-0.4 ng/mL.
• Source: Spodoptera frugiperda, Sf 21 (stably transfected)-derived rat Erythropoietin/EPO protein
  Ala27-Arg192
• Accession #: P29676
• N-terminal Sequence: Ala27
• Protein/Peptide Type: Recombinant Proteins
• Gene: Epo
• Purity: >95%, by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by silver stain.
• Endotoxin Note: <0.10 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.

Applications/Dilutions

• Dilutions:
  • Bioactivity
• Theoretical MW: 18.5 kDa.
  Disclaimer note: The observed molecular weight of the protein may vary from the listed predicted molecular weight due to post translational modifications, post translation cleavages, relative charges, and other experimental factors.
• SDS-PAGE: 22-26 kDa, reducing conditions

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
• Buffer: Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS.
• Purity: >95%, by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by silver stain.
• Reconstitution Instructions: Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile PBS.

Notes

This product is produced by and ships from R&D Systems, Inc., a Bio-Techne brand.

Alternate Names for Recombinant Rat Erythropoietin/EPO Protein, CF

• ECYT5
• EP
• EPO
• epoetin
• Erythropoietin
• MGC138142
• MVCD2

Background

Erythropoietin (EPO) is a 34 kDa glycoprotein hormone in the type I cytokine family and is related to thrombopoietin (1). Its three N-glycosylation sites, four alpha helices, and N- to C-terminal disulfide bond are conserved across species (2, 3). Glycosylation of EPO is required for biological activities in vivo (4). Mature rat EPO shares 95% amino acid sequence identity with mouse EPO and 72%-82% with bovine, canine, equine, feline, human, ovine, and porcine EPO. EPO is primarily produced in the kidney by a population of fibroblast-like cortical interstitial cells adjacent to the proximal tubules (5). It is also produced in much lower, but functionally significant amounts by fetal hepatocytes and by adult liver and brain (6-8). EPO promotes erythrocyte formation by preventing the apoptosis of early erythroid precursors which express the EPO receptor (EPO R) (8, 9). EPO R has also been described in brain, retina, heart, skeletal muscle, kidney, endothelial cells, and a variety of tumor cells (7, 8, 10, 11). Ligand induced dimerization of EPO R triggers JAK2-mediated signaling pathways followed by receptor/ligand endocytosis and degradation (1, 12). Rapid regulation of circulating EPO allows tight control of erythrocyte production and hemoglobin concentrations. Anemia or other causes of low tissue oxygen tension induce EPO production by stabilizing the hypoxia-induceable transcription factors HIF-1 alpha and HIF-2 alpha (1, 6). EPO additionally plays a tissue-protective role in ischemia by blocking apoptosis and inducing angiogenesis (7, 8, 13).

1. Koury, M. J. (2005) Exp. Hematol. 33:1263.
2. Nagao, M. et al. (1992) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1171:99.
3. Wen, D. et al. (1993) Blood 82:1507.
4. Tsuda E. et al. (1990) Eur. J. Biochem. 188:405.
5. Lacombe, C. et al. (1988) J. Clin. Invest. 81:620.
6. Eckardt, K. U. and A. Kurtz (2005) Eur. J. Clin. Invest. 35 Suppl. 3:13.
7. Sharples, E.J. et al. (2006) Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. 6:184.
8. Rossert, J. and K. Eckardt  (2005) Nephrol. Dial. Transplant 20:1025.
9. Koury, M.J. and M.C. Bondurant (1990) Science 248:378.
10. Acs, G. et al. (2001) Cancer Res. 61:3561.
11. Hardee, M.E. et al. (2006) Clin. Cancer Res. 12:332.
12. Verdier, F. et al. (2000) J. Biol. Chem. 275:18375.
13. Kertesz, N. et al. (2004) Dev. Biol. 276:101.

Publications for Erythropoietin/EPO (1306-RE/CF)(3)

Publications using 1306-RE/CF

• K Toriuchi, H Kakita, T Tamura, S Takeshita, Y Yamada, M Aoyama Prolonged astrocyte-derived erythropoietin expression attenuates neuronal damage under hypothermic conditions J Neuroinflammation, 2020-05-02;17(1):141. 2020-05-02 [PMID: 32359362] (Cell Culture, Rat)
• Jantzie L, Getsy P, Firl D, Wilson C, Miller R, Robinson S Erythropoietin attenuates loss of potassium chloride co-transporters following prenatal brain injury. Mol Cell Neurosci, 2014-06-28;61(0):152-62. 2014-06-28 [PMID: 24983520] (In Vivo, Rat)
• Krejci P, Prochazkova J, Bryja V, Jelinkova P, Pejchalova K, Kozubik A, Thompson LM, Wilcox WR Fibroblast growth factor inhibits interferon gamma-STAT1 and interleukin 6-STAT3 signaling in chondrocytes. Cell. Signal., 2008-10-12;21(1):151-60. 2008-10-12 [PMID: 18950705] (Bioassay, Rat)

Bioinformatics

• Gene Symbol: Epo
• Uniprot:
  • P29676()