Recombinant Mouse Pentraxin 3/TSG-14 Protein

• Reactivity: Mu
• Applications: Binding Activity

Recombinant Mouse Pentraxin 3/TSG-14 Protein Summary

• Details of Functionality: Measured by its binding ability in a functional ELISA. Immobilized rhC1q at 5 µg/mL (100 µL/well) can bind rmPentraxin 3 with a linear range of 0.25-15 µg/mL.
• Source: Mouse myeloma cell line, NS0-derived mouse Pentraxin 3/TSG-14 protein
  Glu18-Ser381, with a C-terminal 6-His tag
• Accession #: P48759
• N-terminal Sequence: Glu18
• Structure / Form: Multimer consisting of as many as ten non-covalently and covalently linked subunits
• Protein/Peptide Type: Recombinant Proteins
• Gene: Ptx3
• Purity: >90%, by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by silver stain
• Endotoxin Note: <1.0 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.

Applications/Dilutions

• Dilutions:
  • Binding Activity
• Theoretical MW: 41 kDa (monomer).
  Disclaimer note: The observed molecular weight of the protein may vary from the listed predicted molecular weight due to post translational modifications, post translation cleavages, relative charges, and other experimental factors.
• SDS-PAGE: 46 kDa, reducing conditions

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
• Buffer: Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in MOPS, NaCl and CaCl₂ with BSA as a carrier protein.
• Purity: >90%, by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by silver stain
• Reconstitution Instructions: Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile PBS containing at least 0.1% human or bovine serum albumin.

Notes

This product is produced by and ships from R&D Systems, Inc., a Bio-Techne brand.

Alternate Names for Recombinant Mouse Pentraxin 3/TSG-14 Protein

• alpha-induced protein 5
• pentaxin-related gene, rapidly induced by IL-1 beta, tumor necrosis factor
• Pentaxin-related protein PTX3
• Pentraxin 3
• pentraxin 3, long
• pentraxin-3
• pentraxin-related gene, rapidly induced by IL-1 beta
• pentraxin-related protein PTX3
• PTX3
• TNF alpha-induced protein 5
• TNFAIP5
• TSG14
• TSG-14
• TSG-14pentaxin-related gene, rapidly induced by IL-1 beta
• Tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced protein 5
• tumor necrosis factor, alpha-induced protein 5
• Tumor necrosis factor-inducible gene 14 protein
• tumor necrosis factor-inducible protein TSG-14

Background

Pentraxin 3, also known as TSG-14, was initially identified as a TNF-alpha or IL-1 beta inducible gene (1 - 3). It belongs to the pentraxin family, which was named originally for the homo-pentameric structure formed by its members (4). The pentraxin family is divided into two subfamilies: the “short” and the “long” pentraxins with approximate molecular weights of 25 kDa and 50 kDa, respectively. TSG-14 is a member of the long pentraxin subfamily, which also includes the Xenopus laevis XL-PXN1, the guinea pig apexin/p50, the rat neuronal pentraxin I (NPI) and NPR, the human neuronal pentraxin II (NPTX2) and the human neuronal activity-related pentraxin (5).

Mature secreted PTX3 contains a pentaxin-like domain at its carboxy-terminus that shares 23 - 28% amino acid (aa) sequence similarity to C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum amyloid P component (SAP), which belong to the short pentraxin subfamily. However, the N-terminal sequence of TSG-14 does not share aa sequence homology with any of the “short” pentaxins (3). Unlike CRP and SAP, which forms pentamers only, TSG-14 forms both pentameric and higher ordered oligomers (5). Similar to CRP and SAP, TSG-14 binds to the complement cascade component C1q (6). However, TSG-14 does not bind to phosphoethanolamine, phosphocholine, or high pyruvate agarose, which are known ligands for CRP and SAP. While CRP and SAP are primarily produced in the liver, TSG-14 expression is strongly upregulated by TNF-alpha , IL-1 beta , and bacterial LPS in peripheral fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and macrophages (7). At the amino acid level, human and mouse TSG-14 share 88% aa sequence homology (8). TSG-14 concentration is elevated in the joint fluid of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), indicating that TSG-14 may be a potential mediator of immune response (9). TSG-14 may also function in the regulation of the uptake and clearance of apoptotic cells by dendritic cells (10). An in vivo study showed that TSG-14 transgenic mice are more resistant to sepsis and endotoxemia compared to wild-type during inflammatory injury (11). Increased expression of TSG-14 may enhance the immune response to protect the host from infection.

1. Lee, T.H. et al. (1990) Mol. Cell. Biol. 10:1982.
2. Breviario, F. et al. (1992) JBC. 267:22190.
3. Lee, G.W. et al. (1993) J. Immunol. 150:1804.
4. Osmand, A.P. et al. (1977) PNAS, USA 74:739.
5. Goodman A.R. et al. (1996) Cytokine & Growth Factor Rev. 7:191.
6. Bottazzi, B. et al. (1997) JBC. 272:32817.
7. Introna, M. et al. (1996) Blood, 87:1862.
8. Altmeyer, A. et al. (1995) J. Biol. Chem. 270:25584.
9. Luchetti, M.M. et al. (2000) Clin. Exp. Immunol. 119:196.
10. Rovere, P. et al. (2000) Blood 96:4300.
11. Dias, A.A.M. et al. (2001) J. Leukocyte Biol. 69:928.

Publications for Pentraxin 3/TSG-14 (2166-TS)(6)

Publications using 2166-TS

• Chen, FW;Wu, YL;Cheng, CC;Hsiao, YW;Chi, JY;Hung, LY;Chang, CP;Lai, MD;Wang, JM; Inactivation of pentraxin 3 suppresses M2-like macrophage activity and immunosuppression in colon cancer Journal of biomedical science 2024-01-20 [PMID: 38243273] (In Vivo, Mouse)
• M Liu, W Deng, L Tang, M Liu, H Bao, C Guo, C Zhang, J Lu, H Wang, Z Lu, S Kong Menin directs regionalized decidual transformation through epigenetically setting PTX3 to balance FGF and BMP signaling Nature Communications, 2022-02-22;13(1):1006. 2022-02-22 [PMID: 35194044] (Bioassay, Mouse)
• G Gupta, Z Mou, P Jia, R Sharma, R Zayats, SM Viana, L Shan, A Barral, VS Boaventura, TT Murooka, A Soussi-Gou, CI de Oliveir, JE Uzonna The Long Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) Suppresses Immunity to Cutaneous Leishmaniasis by Regulating CD4+ T Helper Cell Response Cell Reports, 2020-12-15;33(11):108513. 2020-12-15 [PMID: 33326783] (Bioassay, Transgenic Mouse)
• C Zhou, H Chen, JF Zheng, ZD Guo, ZJ Huang, Y Wu, JJ Zhong, XC Sun, CJ Cheng Pentraxin 3 contributes to neurogenesis after traumatic brain injury in mice Neural Regen Res, 2020-12-01;15(12):2318-2326. 2020-12-01 [PMID: 32594056] (Bioassay, In Vivo, Mouse)
• Foo , Suan-Sin, Chen , Weiqiang, Taylor , Adam, Sheng , Kuo-Chin, Yu , Xing, Teng , Terk-Shi, Reading , Patrick, Blanchard , Helen, Garlanda , Cecilia, Mantovani , Alberto, Ng , Lisa F P, Herrero , Lara J, Mahalingam , Suresh Role of pentraxin 3 in shaping arthritogenic alphaviral disease: from enhanced viral replication to immunomodulation. PLoS Pathog, 2015-02-19;11(2):e1004649. 2015-02-19 [PMID: 25695775] (Bioassay, Mouse)
• Rodriguez-Grande B, Varghese L, Molina-Holgado F, Rajkovic O, Garlanda C, Denes A, Pinteaux E Pentraxin 3 mediates neurogenesis and angiogenesis after cerebral ischaemia. J Neuroinflammation, 2015-01-24;12(0):15. 2015-01-24 [PMID: 25616391] (Bioassay, Mouse)

Bioinformatics

• Gene Symbol: Ptx3
• Uniprot:
  • P48759()