Recombinant Mouse IL-31 Protein, CF

When Recombinant Mouse IL-31 RA Fc Chimera (1253-IL) is immobilized at 5 µg/mL, Recombinant Mouse IL-31 (Catalog # 3028-ML) binds with an ED50 of 0.9-5.4 µg/mL.

• Reactivity: Mu
• Applications: Binding Activity
• Format: Carrier-Free

Recombinant Mouse IL-31 Protein, CF Summary

• Details of Functionality: Measured by its binding ability in a functional ELISA. When Recombinant Mouse IL‑31 RA Fc Chimera (Catalog # 1253-IL) is immobilized at 5 µg/mL (100 µL/well), Recombinant Mouse IL‑31 binds with an ED₅₀ of 0.9-5.4 μg/mL.
• Source: E. coli-derived mouse IL-31 protein
  Thr24-Cys163
• Accession #: Q6EAL8
• N-terminal Sequence: Thr24
• Protein/Peptide Type: Recombinant Proteins
• Gene: Il31
• Purity: >95%, by SDS-PAGE visualized with Silver Staining and quantitative densitometry by Coomassie® Blue Staining
• Endotoxin Note: <0.10 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.

Applications/Dilutions

• Dilutions:
  • Binding Activity
• Theoretical MW: 15.6 kDa.
  Disclaimer note: The observed molecular weight of the protein may vary from the listed predicted molecular weight due to post translational modifications, post translation cleavages, relative charges, and other experimental factors.
• SDS-PAGE: 13 kDa, reducing conditions

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
• Buffer: Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in Acetic Acid and NaCl.
• Purity: >95%, by SDS-PAGE visualized with Silver Staining and quantitative densitometry by Coomassie® Blue Staining
• Reconstitution Instructions: Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in 10 mM Acetic Acid.

Notes

This product is produced by and ships from R&D Systems, Inc., a Bio-Techne brand.

Alternate Names for Recombinant Mouse IL-31 Protein, CF

• IL31
• IL-31
• IL-31interleukin-31
• interleukin 31

Background

Mouse Interleukin-31 (IL-31) is likely a secreted, 24‑33 kDa short-chain member of the alpha -helical IL-6 family of cytokines (1, 2). The mouse IL‑31 cDNA encodes a 163 amino acid (aa) precursor that contains a 23 aa signal peptide and a 140 aa mature protein (3, 4). The mature region shows four alpha ‑helices which would be expected to generate a typical up-up-down-down topology. There are three potential sites for N‑linked glycosylation. Mature mouse IL-31 shares 29% and 63% aa sequence identity with human and rat IL-31, respectively. Neither mouse nor human IL-31 are active on their counterparts receptors (1). IL-31 is associated with activated T cells and is preferentially expressed by Th2 rather than Th1 cells (1). IL-31 signals via a heterodimeric receptor complex composed of a newly identified, 120 kDa, gp130-related molecule termed IL-31 RA (also GPL and GLM-R) and the 180 kDa oncostatin M receptor (OSM R beta ) (4‑8). In the complex, IL‑31 directly binds to IL‑31 RA, not OSM R (4, 5). IL-31 signaling has been shown to involve the Jak/STAT pathway, the PI3 kinase/AKT cascade, and MAP kinase pathway. Although multiple isoforms of IL-31 RA are known, only a form that contains the entire length of the cytoplasmic domain is signaling-capable (4‑7). The IL-31 receptor is constitutively expressed by keratinocytes and upregulated by IFN-gamma on monocytes (1, 3). Other cells known to be responsive to IL-31 include bronchial epithelium, type II alveolar cells, goblet cells, and likely hematopoietic progenitor cells (9‑11). Functionally, it has been shown that IL-31 may contribute to clinical pruritis (itching) associated with nonatopic dermatitis (1, 3, 12). This may be a consequence of IL-31’s ability to induce keratinocyte secretion of multiple cytokines, including TARC, GRO‑ alpha , MIP‑3 beta and I-309 (1). In addition, IL-31 promotes proliferation of high density cell populations such as myeloid progenitor cells, but conversely suppresses proliferation of lung epithelial cells (1). Finally, IL-31 may actually have a modulating effect on T cell subsets, influencing the ratio between Th1 and Th2 cells (1).

1. Zhang, Q. et al. (2008) Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 19:347.
2. Venereau, E. et al. (2009) J. Biol. Chem. 285:14955.
3. Dillon SR, et al. (2004) Nat. Immunol. 5:752.
4. Diveu C, et al. (2004) Eur. Cytokine Netw. 15:291.
5. Dreuw A, et al. (2004) J. Biol. Chem. 279:36112.
6. Dieu C, et al. (2003) J. Biol. Chem. 278:49850.
7. Ghilardi N, et al. (2002) J. Biol. Chem 277:16831.
8. Mosley, B. et al. (1996) J. Biol. Chem. 271:32635.
9. Chattopadhyay, S. et al. (2007) J. Biol. Chem. 282:3014.
10. Perrigoue, J.G. (2009) J. Immunol. 182:6088.
11. Broxmeyer, H.E. et al. (2007) Exp. Hematol. 35 (Suppl 1):78.
12. Takaoka, A. et al. (2005) Eur. J. Pharmacol. 516:180.

Publications for IL-31 (3028-ML)(1)

Publication using 3028-ML

• Kayamuro H, Yoshioka Y, Abe Y, Arita S, Katayama K, Nomura T, Yoshikawa T, Kubota-Koketsu R, Ikuta K, Okamoto S, Mori Y, Kunisawa J, Kiyono H, Itoh N, Nagano K, Kamada H, Tsutsumi Y, Tsunoda S Interleukin-1 family cytokines as mucosal vaccine adjuvants for induction of protective immunity against influenza virus. J. Virol., 2010-09-29;84(24):12703-12. 2010-09-29 [PMID: 20881038] (In Vivo, Mouse)

Bioinformatics

• Gene Symbol: Il31
• Uniprot:
  • Q6EAL8()