Recombinant Mouse IL-31 (Mammalian-expressed) Protein, CF

Mammalian-expressed Recombinant Mouse IL-31 (Catalog # 10409-ML) induces STAT3 reporter activity in HEK293 human embryonic kidney cells transfected with mouse IL-31RA and OSMR beta. The ED50 for this effect is 0.05‑0.4 ng/mL.

2 μg/lane of Recombinant Mouse IL-31 (Mammalian-expressed) Protein (Catalog # 10409-ML) was resolved with SDS-PAGE under reducing (R) and non-reducing (NR) conditions and visualized by Coomassie® Blue staining, showing bands at 16-25 kDa.

• Reactivity: Mu
• Applications: Bioactivity
• Format: Carrier-Free

Recombinant Mouse IL-31 (Mammalian-expressed) Protein, CF Summary

• Details of Functionality:

  Measured by its ability to induce STAT3 reporter activity in HEK293 human embryonic kidney cells transfected with mouse IL-31RA and OSMR beta. The ED₅₀ for this effect is 0.05-0.4 ng/mL.

• Source: Human embryonic kidney cell, HEK293-derived mouse IL-31 protein
  Ala31-Cys163
• Accession #: Q6EAL8.1
• N-terminal Sequence: Ala31
• Protein/Peptide Type: Recombinant Proteins
• Purity: >95%, by SDS-PAGE visualized with Silver Staining and quantitative densitometry by Coomassie® Blue Staining.
• Endotoxin Note: <0.10 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.

Applications/Dilutions

• Dilutions:
  • Bioactivity
• Theoretical MW: 15 kDa.
  Disclaimer note: The observed molecular weight of the protein may vary from the listed predicted molecular weight due to post translational modifications, post translation cleavages, relative charges, and other experimental factors.
• SDS-PAGE: 16-25 kDa, under reducing conditions

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
• Buffer: Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS.
• Purity: >95%, by SDS-PAGE visualized with Silver Staining and quantitative densitometry by Coomassie® Blue Staining.
• Reconstitution Instructions: Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in PBS.

Notes

This product is produced by and ships from R&D Systems, Inc., a Bio-Techne brand.

Alternate Names for Recombinant Mouse IL-31 (Mammalian-expressed) Protein, CF

• IL31
• IL-31
• IL-31interleukin-31
• interleukin 31

Background

Mouse Interleukin-31 (IL-31) is secreted, short-chain member of the alpha -helical IL-6 family of cytokines (1, 2). The mouse IL‑31 cDNA encodes a 163 amino acid (aa) precursor that contains a signal peptide and a mature protein (3, 4). The mature region shows four alpha ‑helices which would be expected to generate a typical up-up-down-down topology. Mature mouse IL-31 shares 29% and 63% aa sequence identity with human and rat IL-31, respectively. Neither mouse nor human IL-31 are active on their counterparts receptors (1). IL-31 is associated with activated T cells and is preferentially expressed by Th2 rather than Th1 cells (1). IL-31 signals via a heterodimeric receptor complex composed of a gp130-related molecule termed IL-31 RA (also GPL and GLM-R) and the 180 kDa oncostatin M receptor (OSM R beta) (4‑8). In the complex, IL‑31 directly binds to IL‑31 RA, not OSM R (4, 5). IL-31 signaling has been shown to involve the Jak/STAT pathway, the PI3 kinase/AKT cascade, and MAP kinase pathway. Although multiple isoforms of IL-31 RA are known, only a form that contains the entire length of the cytoplasmic domain is signaling-capable (4‑7). The IL-31 receptor is constitutively expressed by keratinocytes and up-regulated by IFN-gamma on monocytes (1, 3). Other cells known to be responsive to IL-31 include bronchial epithelium, type II alveolar cells, goblet cells, and likely hematopoietic progenitor cells (9‑11). Functionally, it has been shown that IL-31 may contribute to clinical pruritis (itching) associated with nonatopic dermatitis (1, 3, 12). This may be a consequence of IL-31's ability to induce keratinocyte secretion of multiple cytokines, including TARC, GRO‑ alpha, MIP‑3 beta and I-309 (1). In addition, IL-31 promotes proliferation of high-density cell populations such as myeloid progenitor cells, but conversely suppresses proliferation of lung epithelial cells (1). Finally, IL-31 may actually have a modulating effect on T cell subsets, influencing the ratio between Th1 and Th2 cells (1).

1. Zhang, Q. et al. (2008) Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 19:347.
2. Venereau, E. et al. (2009) J. Biol. Chem. 285:14955.
3. Dillon, S.R. et al. (2004) Nat. Immunol. 5:752.
4. Diveu, C. et al. (2004) Eur. Cytokine Netw. 15:291.
5. Dreuw, A. et al. (2004) J. Biol. Chem. 279:36112.
6. Dieu, C. et al. (2003) J. Biol. Chem. 278:49850.
7. Ghilardi, N. et al. (2002) J. Biol. Chem. 277:16831.
8. Mosley, B. et al. (1996) J. Biol. Chem. 271:32635.
9. Chattopadhyay, S. et al. (2007) J. Biol. Chem. 282:3014.
10. Perrigoue, J.G. (2009) J. Immunol. 182:6088.
11. Broxmeyer, H.E. et al. (2007) Exp. Hematol. 35(Suppl 1):78.
12. Takaoka, A. et al. (2005) Eur. J. Pharmacol. 516:180.

Bioinformatics

• Uniprot:
  • Q6EAL8.1()