Recombinant Human TGF-beta 1 (CHO-Expressed) Protein, CF

Recombinant Human TGF‑ beta 1 (CHO-Expressed) (Catalog # 11409-BH) inhibits recombinant mouse IL-4 induced proliferation in the HT-2 mouse T cell line. The ED50 for this effect is 0.025-0.200 ng/mL.

2 μg/lane of Recombinant Human TGF‑ beta 1 (CHO-Expressed) Protein (Catalog # 11409-BH) was resolved with SDS-PAGE under reducing (R) and non-reducing (NR) conditions and visualized by Coomassie® Blue staining, showing bands at 12 kDa, under reducing conditions & 24 kDa under non-reducing conditions.

Recombinant Human TGF-beta RII Fc Chimera (341-BR) was was captured on a Sensor Chip Protein AGL, and binding to Recombinant Human TGF beta 1 (11409-BH) was measured at a concentration range between 0.488 pM and 1000 pM. The double-referenced sensorgram was fit to a 1:1 binding model to determine the binding kinetics and affinity, with an affinity constant of KD=3.076 pM. (Biacore T200).

• Reactivity: Hu
• Applications: Bioactivity
• Format: Carrier-Free

Recombinant Human TGF-beta 1 (CHO-Expressed) Protein, CF Summary

• Details of Functionality: Measured by its ability to inhibit the IL-4-dependent proliferation of HT‑2 mouse T cells. Tsang, M. et al. (1995) Cytokine 7:389. The ED₅₀ for this effect is 0.025-0.200 ng/mL.
• Source: Chinese Hamster Ovary cell line, CHO-derived human TGF-beta 1 protein
  Ala279-Ser390
• Accession #: P01137.2
• N-terminal Sequence: Ala279
• Structure / Form: Disulfide-linked homodimer
• Protein/Peptide Type: Recombinant Proteins
• Purity: >97%, by SDS-PAGE visualized with Silver Staining and quantitative densitometry by Coomassie® Blue Staining
• Endotoxin Note: <0.10 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.

Applications/Dilutions

• Dilutions:
  • Bioactivity
• Theoretical MW: 13 kDa.
  Disclaimer note: The observed molecular weight of the protein may vary from the listed predicted molecular weight due to post translational modifications, post translation cleavages, relative charges, and other experimental factors.
• SDS-PAGE: 12 kDa, under reducing conditions & 24 kDa under non-reducing conditions.

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
• Buffer: Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in Acetonitrile and TFA with Trehalose.
• Purity: >97%, by SDS-PAGE visualized with Silver Staining and quantitative densitometry by Coomassie® Blue Staining
• Reconstitution Instructions:

  Reconstitute the 10 μg size at 100 μg/mL in 4mM HCl. Reconstitute all other sizes at 250 μg/mL in 4mM HCl.

Notes

This product is produced by and ships from R&D Systems, Inc., a Bio-Techne brand.

Alternate Names for Recombinant Human TGF-beta 1 (CHO-Expressed) Protein, CF

• CEDLAP
• DPD1
• latency-associated peptide
• TGF beta
• TGF beta1
• TGFB
• TGFB1
• TGF-beta 1 protein
• TGFbeta 1
• TGF-beta 1
• TGFbeta
• TGF-beta-1
• transforming growth factor beta-1
• transforming growth factor, beta 1

Background

TGF‑ beta 1 (transforming growth factor beta 1) is one of three closely related mammalian members of the large TGF‑ beta superfamily that share a characteristic cystine knot structure (1‑7). TGF‑ beta 1, ‑2 and ‑3 are highly pleiotropic cytokines that are proposed to act as cellular switches that regulate processes such as immune function, proliferation and epithelial‑mesenchymal transition (1‑4). Each TGF‑ beta isoform has some non‑redundant functions; for TGF‑ beta 1, mice with targeted deletion show defects in hematopoiesis and endothelial differentiation, and die of overwhelming inflammation (2). Human TGF‑ beta 1 cDNA encodes a 390 amino acid (aa) precursor that contains a 29 aa signal peptide and a 361 aa proprotein (8). A furin-like convertase processes the proprotein to generate an N‑terminal 249 aa latency‑associated peptide (LAP) and a C‑terminal 112 aa mature TGF‑ beta 1 (8, 9). Disulfide-linked homodimers of LAP and TGF‑ beta 1 remain non‑covalently associated after secretion, forming the small latent TGF‑ beta 1 complex (8‑10). Covalent linkage of LAP to one of three latent TGF‑ beta binding proteins (LTBPs) creates a large latent complex that may interact with the extracellular matrix (9, 10). TGF‑ beta is activated from latency by pathways that include actions of the protease plasmin, matrix metalloproteases, thrombospondin 1 and a subset of integrins (10). Mature human TGF‑ beta 1 shares 100% aa identity with pig, dog and cow TGF‑ beta 1, and 99% aa identity with mouse, rat and horse TGF‑ beta 1. It demonstrates cross‑species activity (1). TGF‑ beta 1 signaling begins with high‑affinity binding to a type II ser/thr kinase receptor termed TGF‑ beta  RII. This receptor then phosphorylates and activates a second ser/thr kinase receptor, TGF‑ beta  RI (also called activin receptor‑like kinase (ALK) ‑5), or alternatively, ALK‑1. This complex phosphorylates and activates Smad proteins that regulate transcription (3, 11, 12). Contributions of the accessory receptors betaglycan (also known as TGF‑ beta  RIII) and endoglin, or use of Smad-independent signaling pathways, allow for disparate actions observed in response to TGF‑ beta in different contexts (11).

1. Derynck, R. and K. Miyazono (2008) Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press p. 29.
2. Dunker, N. and K. Krieglstein (2000) Eur. J. Biochem. 267:6982.
3. Wahl, S.M. (2006) Immunol. Rev. 213:213.
4. Chang, H. et al. (2002) Endocr. Rev. 23:787.
5. Lin, J.S. et al. (2006) Reproduction 132:179.
6. Hinck, A.P. et al. (1996) Biochemistry 35:8517.
7. Mittl, P.R.E. et al. (1996) Protein Sci. 5:1261.
8. Derynck, R. et al. (1985) Nature 316:701.
9. Miyazono, K. et al. (1988) J. Biol. Chem. 263:6407.
10. Oklu, R. and R. Hesketh (2000) Biochem. J. 352:601.
11. de Caestecker, M. et al. (2004) Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 15:1.
12. Zuniga, J.E. et al. (2005) J. Mol. Biol. 354:1052.

Publications for TGF-beta 1 (11409-BH)(1)

Publication using 11409-BH

• Jones, RD;Salim, K;Stankiewicz, LN;Edgar, JM;Leon, L;Gillies, JK;Murtaza, A;Durland, LJ;Raval, D;Lau, C;Taberna, TPB;Hsu, HH;Zimmerman, C;Michaels, YS;Rossi, FMV;Levings, MK;Zandstra, PW; Tunable differentiation of human CD4+ and CD8+ T cells from pluripotent stem cells Cell stem cell 2026-01-08 [PMID: 41512836] (Bioassay, Human)

Bioinformatics

• Uniprot:
  • P01137.2()