Recombinant Equine IL-4 Protein, CF

• Reactivity: Eq
• Applications: Bioactivity
• Format: Carrier-Free

Recombinant Equine IL-4 Protein, CF Summary

• Details of Functionality: Measured in a cell proliferation assay using TF‑1 human erythroleukemic cells. Kitamura, T. et al. (1989) J. Cell Physiol. 140:323. The ED₅₀ for this effect is 10-60 ng/mL.
• Source: E. coli-derived equine IL-4 protein
  Lys26-Cys137
• Accession #: NP_001075988
• N-terminal Sequence: Lys26
• Protein/Peptide Type: Recombinant Proteins
• Purity: >95%, by SDS-PAGE visualized with Silver Staining and quantitative densitometry by Coomassie® Blue Staining.
• Endotoxin Note: <1.0 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.

Applications/Dilutions

• Dilutions:
  • Bioactivity
• Theoretical MW: 12.6 kDa.
  Disclaimer note: The observed molecular weight of the protein may vary from the listed predicted molecular weight due to post translational modifications, post translation cleavages, relative charges, and other experimental factors.

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
• Buffer: Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS.
• Purity: >95%, by SDS-PAGE visualized with Silver Staining and quantitative densitometry by Coomassie® Blue Staining.
• Reconstitution Instructions: Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile PBS.

Notes

This product is produced by and ships from R&D Systems, Inc., a Bio-Techne brand.

Alternate Names for Recombinant Equine IL-4 Protein, CF

• B cell growth factor 1
• BCDF
• B-cell stimulatory factor 1
• BCGF1
• BCGF-1
• binetrakin
• BSF1
• BSF-1
• IL4
• IL-4
• IL-4B_cell stimulatory factor 1
• IL4E12
• interleukin 4
• interleukin-4
• Lymphocyte stimulatory factor 1
• MGC79402
• pitrakinra

Background

Interleukin-4 (IL-4), also known as B cell-stimulatory factor-1, is a monomeric, approximately 13 kDa ‑ 18 kDa Th2 cytokine that shows pleiotropic effects during immune responses (1-3). It is a glycosylated polypeptide that contains three intrachain disulfide bridges and adopts a bundled four alpha -helix structure (4). Equine IL-4 is synthesized with a 24 amino acid (aa) signal sequence. Mature equine IL-4 shares 53% - 60% aa sequence identity with bovine, goat, human, ovine, and porcine
IL-4 and 38%-40% aa sequence identity with mouse and rat IL-4. IL-4 exerts its effects through two receptor complexes (5, 6). The type I receptor, which is expressed on hematopoietic cells, is a heterodimer of the ligand binding IL-4 R alpha and the common gamma chain (a shared subunit of the receptors for IL-2, -7, -9, -15, and
-21). The type II receptor on nonhematopoietic cells consists of IL-4 R alpha and IL-13 R alpha 1. The type II receptor also transduces IL-13 mediated signals. IL-4 is primarily expressed by Th2‑biased CD4⁺ T cells, mast cells, basophils, and eosinophils (1, 2). It promotes cell proliferation, survival, and immunoglobulin class switch to IgE in B cells, acquisition of the Th2 phenotype by naïve CD4⁺ T cells, priming and chemotaxis of mast cells, eosinophils, and basophils, and the proliferation and activation of epithelial cells (7-10). IL-4 plays a dominant role in the development of allergic inflammation and asthma (9, 11).

1. Benczik, M. and S.L. Gaffen (2004) Immunol. Invest. 33:109.
2. Chomarat, P. and J. Banchereau (1998) Int. Rev. Immunol. 17:1.
3. Vandergrifft, E.V. et al. (1994) Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. 40:379.
4. Redfield, C. et al. (1991) Biochemistry 30:11029.
5. Mueller, T.D. et al. (2002) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1592:237.
6. Nelms, K. et al. (1999) Annu. Rev. Immunol. 17:701.
7. Paludan, S.R. (1998) Scand. J. Immunol. 48:459.
8. Corthay, A. (2006) Scand. J. Immunol. 64:93.
9. Ryan, J.J. et al. (2007) Crit. Rev. Immunol. 27:15.
10. Grone, A. (2002) Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. 88:1.
11. Rosenberg, H.F. et al. (2007) J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 119:1303.

Publications for IL-4 (1809-EL/CF)(3)

Publications using 1809-EL/CF

• NA Moyo, D Westcott, R Simmonds, F Steinbach Equine Arteritis Virus in Monocytic Cells Suppresses Differentiation and Function of Dendritic Cells Viruses, 2023-01-16;15(1):. 2023-01-16 [PMID: 36680295] (Bioassay, Equine)
• LJ Berghaus, S Giguère, AI Bordin, ND Cohen Effects of priming with cytokines on intracellular survival and replication of Rhodococcus equi in equine macrophages Cytokine, 2017-12-12;102(0):7-11. 2017-12-12 [PMID: 29245049] (Bioassay, Equine)
• Huang H, Lavoie-Lamoureux A, Moran K, Lavoie JP IL-4 stimulates the expression of CXCL-8, E-selectin, VEGF, and inducible nitric oxide synthase mRNA by equine pulmonary artery endothelial cells. Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell Mol. Physiol., 2007-05-01;292(5):L1147-54. 2007-05-01 [PMID: 17494951] (Bioassay, Equine)

Bioinformatics

• Uniprot:
  • NP_001075988()