ILT4/CD85d/LILRB2 Antibody (287219) [Allophycocyanin]

• Applications: Flow
• Clone: 287219
• Clonality: Monoclonal
• Host: Mouse
• Conjugate: Allophycocyanin

ILT4/CD85d/LILRB2 Antibody (287219) [Allophycocyanin] Summary

• Immunogen: Mouse myeloma cell line NS0-derived recombinant human ILT4
  Gly24-His458
  Accession # ACT64556
• Specificity: Detects human ILT4 in direct ELISAs and Western blots. In direct ELISAs and Western blots, no cross-reactivity with recombinant human (rh) ILT1, rhILT2, rhILT3, rhILT6, rhILT7, rhILT11, rhLIR6 or rhLIR8 is observed.
• Source: N/A
• Isotype: IgG2a
• Clonality: Monoclonal
• Host: Mouse
• Gene: LILRB2
• Purity Statement: Protein A or G purified from hybridoma culture supernatant

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Protect from light. Do not freeze.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, 2 to 8 °C as supplied.
• Buffer: Supplied in a saline solution containing BSA and Sodium Azide.
• Preservative: Sodium Azide

Notes

This product is produced by and ships from R&D Systems, Inc., a Bio-Techne brand.

Background

The immunoglobulin-like transcript (ILT) comprise a family of activating and inhibitory type immunoreceptors whose genes are located in the same locus that encodes killer cell Ig-like receptors (KIR) (1‑3). ILT4, also known as LIR-2 and LILRB2, is a type I transmembrane protein expressed primarily on monocytes and dendritic cells (DC) (4). Human ILT4 is produced as a 598 amino acid (aa) precursor including a 21 aa signal sequence, a 440 aa extracellular domain (ECD), a 21 aa transmembrane segment, and a 116 aa cytoplasmic domain. The ECD contains four Ig-like domains, and the cytoplasmic domain contains three immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs (ITIM) (5). The ECD of human ILT4 shares 76% aa identity with chimpanzee ILT4 and 74%, 81%, 33%, 52%, 77%, 61%, and 64 % aa identity with human ILT1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, and 8, respectively. ILT4 binds to classical MHC I proteins as well as the non-classical HLA-G1 and HLA-F molecules (5‑9). It competes with CD8 alpha for MHC I binding but does not compete with KIR2DL1 (7). Ligation of ILT4 induces Tyr phosphorylation within its cytoplasmic ITIMs, a requirement for association with SHP-1 (4, 6). Activation of ILT4 inhibits signaling through Fc gamma RI (4) and Fc epsilon RI (6) and causes DC to become tolerogenic by downregulation of costimulatory molecules (10, 11). ILT4 mediates tolerogenic DC-induced CD4⁺ T cell energy in vitro and in vivo (10‑12).

1. Suciu-Foca, N. et al. (2005) Int. Immunopharmacol. 5:7. 
2. Hofmeister, V. and E.H. Weiss (2003) Semin. Canc. Biol. 13:317. 
3. Hunt, J.S. et al. (2005) FASEB J. 19:681. 
4. Finger, N.A. et al. (1998) Eur. J. Immunol. 28:3423. 
5. Borges, L. et al. (1997) J. Immunol. 159:5192. 
6. Colonna, M. et al. (1998) J. Immunol. 160:3096. 
7. Shiroishi, M. et al. (2003) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 100:8856.
8. Lepin, E.J.M. et al. (2000) Eur. J. Immunol. 30:3552.
9. Allen, R.L. et al. (2001) J. Immunol. 167:5543.
10. Chang, C.C. et al. (2002) Nat. Immunol. 3:237.
11. Ristich, V. et al. (2005) Eur. J. Immunol. 35:1133.
12. Manavalan, J.S. et al. (2003) Transpl. Immunol. 11:245.

Limitations

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.

Bioinformatics

• Gene Symbol: LILRB2