IL-21 Antibody (1012733) [Alexa Fluor® 700]

• Reactivity: Hu
• Applications: ELISA
• Clone: 1012733
• Clonality: Monoclonal
• Host: Mouse
• Conjugate: Alexa Fluor 700

IL-21 Antibody (1012733) [Alexa Fluor® 700] Summary

• Immunogen: E. coli-derived human IL-21
  Gln32-Ser162
  Accession # Q9HBE4.3
• Specificity: Detects human IL-21 in direct ELISAs.
• Isotype: IgG1
• Clonality: Monoclonal
• Host: Mouse
• Purity Statement: Protein A or G purified

Applications/Dilutions

• Dilutions:
  • ELISA

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Protect from light. Do not freeze. 12 months from date of receipt, 2 to 8 °C as supplied
• Buffer: Supplied 0.2mg/ml in 1X PBS with RDF1 and 0.09% Sodium Azide

Notes

This product is produced by and ships from R&D Systems, Inc., a Bio-Techne brand.

Alternate Names for IL-21 Antibody (1012733) [Alexa Fluor® 700]

• CVID11
• IL21
• IL-21
• IL-21Za11interleukin-21
• interleukin 21
• interleukin-21 isoform
• Za11

Background

IL-21 (Interleukin-21) is a potent cytokine regulating many cell types of the immune system. IL-21 is produced by activated T follicular helper cells (Tfh), Th17 cells, and NKT cells (2-6). Tfh-derived IL-21 plays an important role in the development of humoral immunity through its autocrine effects on the Tfh cell and paracrine effects on immunoglobulin affinity maturation, plasma cell differentiation, and B cell memory responses (4, 8, 9). IL-21 protein regulates several aspects of T cell function. It co-stimulates the activation, proliferation, and survival of CD8+ T cells and NKT cells and promotes Th17 cell polarization (3, 5, 6, 11, 12). IL-21 blocks the generation of regulatory T cells and their suppressive effects on CD4+ T cells (13, 14). In addition to its role in T cell biology, IL-21 also plays a critical role in B cell activation, proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis (2). It is also required for the migration of dendritic cells to draining lymph nodes (10). And IL-21 suppresses cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions by limiting allergen-specific IgE production and mast cell degranulation (16). In the autoimmune disease Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), a link between IL-21 and SLE disease susceptibility and progression was recently reported (19).

IL-21 protein exerts its biological effects through a heterodimeric receptor complex of gamma c and the IL-21-specific IL-21 R (2, 7). IL-21 is an approximately 14 kDa four-helix-bundle member of the family of cytokines that utilize the common gamma chain (gamma c) as a receptor subunit. gamma c is also a subunit of the receptors for IL-2, IL-4, IL-7, IL-9, and IL-15 (1). IL-21 R engagement enhances the cytolytic activity and IFN-gamma production of activated NK cells but limits the expansion of resting NK cells (15). Dysregulation of the IL-21/IL-21 R system contributes to the development of multiple immunological disorders (1, 17). The 133 amino acid (aa) mature human IL-21 protein shares 63% and 61% aa sequence identity with mouse and rat IL-21 protein, respectively. Alternative splicing generates an additional isoform with a substitution of the C-terminal 16 amino acids (18).

Limitations

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.