IL-12 Antibody [Unconjugated]

Recombinant Human IL‑12 (Catalog # 219-IL) stimulates proliferation in PHA-activated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in a dose-dependent manner (orange line). Proliferation elicited by Recombinant Human IL‑12 (1 ng/mL) is neutralized (green line) by increasing concen­trations of Goat Anti-Human IL‑12 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF-219-NA). The ND50 is typically 0.03‑0.05 µg/mL.

• Reactivity: Hu
• Applications: WB, B/N, ICC/IF
• Clonality: Polyclonal
• Host: Goat
• Conjugate: Unconjugated
• Concentration: LYOPH

IL-12 Antibody [Unconjugated] Summary

• Immunogen: S. frugiperda insect ovarian cell line Sf 21-derived recombinant human IL‑12 heterodimer
  Arg23-Ser219 of p35; Ile23-Ser328 of p40
  Accession # P29459 (p35) & P29460 (p40)
• Specificity: Detects human IL-12 in direct ELISAs and Western blots. In direct ELISAs and Western blots, less than 10% cross-reactivity with recombinant mouse IL-12 is observed.
• Source: N/A
• Isotype: IgG
• Clonality: Polyclonal
• Host: Goat
• Gene: IL12A
• Endotoxin Note: <0.10 EU per 1 μg of the antibody by the LAL method.

Applications/Dilutions

• Dilutions:
  • Western Blot 0.1 ug/mL
  • Immunocytochemistry 5-15 ug/mL
  • Neutralization 0.03-0.05 ug/mL

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
• Buffer: Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with Trehalose. *Small pack size (SP) is supplied as a 0.2 µm filtered solution in PBS.
• Preservative: No Preservative
• Concentration: LYOPH
• Reconstitution Instructions: Reconstitute at 0.2 mg/mL in sterile PBS.

Notes

This product is produced by and ships from R&D Systems, Inc., a Bio-Techne brand.

Alternate Names for IL-12 Antibody [Unconjugated]

• CLMF p35
• CLMF1
• Cytotoxic lymphocyte maturation factor 35 kDa subunit
• IL-12 subunit p35
• IL12
• IL-12
• IL-12, subunit p35
• IL12A
• interleukin 12, p35
• interleukin 12A (natural killer cell stimulatory factor 1, cytotoxic lymphocytematuration factor 1, p35)
• interleukin-12 alpha chain
• interleukin-12 subunit alpha
• natural killer cell stimulatory factor 1, 35 kD subunit
• NF cell stimulatory factor chain 1
• NK cell stimulatory factor chain 1
• NKSF1
• p35

Background

Interleukin 12, also known as natural killer cell stimulatory factor (NKSF) or cytotoxic lymphocyte maturation factor (CLMF), is a pleiotropic cytokine originally identified in the medium of activated human B lymphoblastoid cell lines. The p40 subunit of IL-12 has been shown to have extensive amino acid sequence homology to the extracellular domain of the human IL-6 receptor while the p35 subunit shows distant but significant sequence similarity to IL-6, G-CSF, and chicken MGF. These observations have led to the suggestion that IL-12 might have evolved from a cytokine/soluble receptor complex. Human and murine IL-12 share 70% and 60% amino acid sequence homology in their p40 and p35 subunits, respectively. IL-12 apparently shows species specificity with human IL-12 reportedly showing minimal activity in the murine system.

IL-12 is produced by macrophages and B lymphocytes and has been shown to have multiple effects on T cells and natural killer (NK) cells. These effects include inducing production of IFN-gamma and TNF by resting and activated T and NK cells, synergizing with other IFN-gamma  inducers at both the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. This interaction induces IFN-gamma  gene expression, enhancing the cytotoxic activity of resting NK and T cells, inducing and synergizing with IL-2 in the generation of lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells, acting as a co-mitogen to stimulate proliferation of resting T cells, and inducing proliferation of activated T and NK cells. Current evidence indicates that IL-12, produced by macrophages in response to infectious agents, is a central mediator of the cell-mediated immune response by its actions on the development, proliferation, and activities of TH1 cells. In its role as the initiator of cell-mediated immunity, it has been suggested that IL-12 has therapeutic potential as a stimulator of cell-mediated immune responses to microbial pathogens, metastatic cancers, and viral infections such as AIDS.

Limitations

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.

Publications for IL-12 Antibody (AF-219-NA)(14)

Publications using AF-219-NA

• Yokoi T, Amakawa R, Tanijiri T, Sugimoto H, Torii Y, Amuro H, Son Y, Tajima K, Liu YJ, Ito T, Fukuhara S Mycobacterium bovis Bacillus Calmette-Guerin suppresses inflammatory Th2 responses by inducing functional alteration of TSLP-activated dendritic cells. Int. Immunol., 2008;20(10):1321-9. 2008 [PMID: 18703465] (Neutralization, Human)
• Chi W, Zhu X, Yang P, Liu X, Lin X, Zhou H, Huang X, Kijlstra A Upregulated IL-23 and IL-17 in Behcet patients with active uveitis. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 2008;49(7):3058-64. 2008 [PMID: 18579762] (Neutralization, Human)
• Liu TY, Uemura Y, Suzuki M, Narita Y, Hirata S, Ohyama H, Ishihara O, Matsushita S Distinct subsets of human invariant NKT cells differentially regulate T helper responses via dendritic cells. Eur. J. Immunol., 2008;38(4):1012-23. 2008 [PMID: 18350544] (Neutralization, Human)
• Coward WR, Marei A, Yang A, Vasa-Nicotera MM, Chow SC Statin-induced proinflammatory response in mitogen-activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells through the activation of caspase-1 and IL-18 secretion in monocytes. J. Immunol., 2006;176(9):5284-92. 2006 [PMID: 16621994] (Neutralization, Human)
• Koelle DM, Huang J, Hensel MT, McClurkan CL Innate immune responses to herpes simplex virus type 2 influence skin homing molecule expression by memory CD4+ lymphocytes. J. Virol., 2006;80(6):2863-72. 2006 [PMID: 16501095] (Neutralization, Human)
• Nagarajan S, Selvaraj P Human tumor membrane vesicles modified to express glycolipid-anchored IL-12 by protein transfer induce T cell proliferation in vitro: a potential approach for local delivery of cytokines during vaccination. Vaccine, 2005;24(13):2264-74. 2005 [PMID: 16376465] (Affinity Chromatography, Human)
• Takei M, Umeyama A, Arihara S, Matsumoto H Effect of piceatannol in human monocyte-derived dendritic cells in vitro. J Pharm Sci, 2005;94(5):974-82. 2005 [PMID: 15793803] (Neutralization, Human)
• Vasir B, Avigan D, Wu Z, Crawford K, Turnquist S, Ren J, Kufe D Dendritic cells induce MUC1 expression and polarization on human T cells by an IL-7-dependent mechanism. J. Immunol., 2005;174(4):2376-86. 2005 [PMID: 15699174] (Neutralization, Human)
• Zheng SG, Wang JH, Gray JD, Soucier H, Horwitz DA Natural and induced CD4+CD25+ cells educate CD4+CD25- cells to develop suppressive activity: the role of IL-2, TGF-beta, and IL-10. J. Immunol., 2004;172(9):5213-21. 2004 [PMID: 15100259] (Neutralization, Human)
• Schmidt KN, Leung B, Kwong M, Zarember KA, Satyal S, Navas TA, Wang F, Godowski PJ APC-independent activation of NK cells by the Toll-like receptor 3 agonist double-stranded RNA. J. Immunol., 2004;172(1):138-43. 2004 [PMID: 14688319] (Neutralization, Human)
• Vankayalapati R, Klucar P, Wizel B, Weis SE, Samten B, Safi H, Shams H, Barnes PF NK cells regulate CD8+ T cell effector function in response to an intracellular pathogen. J. Immunol., 2004;172(1):130-7. 2004 [PMID: 14688318] (Neutralization, Human)
• Artavanis-Tsakonas K, Eleme K, McQueen KL, Cheng NW, Parham P, Davis DM, Riley EM Activation of a subset of human NK cells upon contact with Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes. J. Immunol., 2003;171(10):5396-405. 2003 [PMID: 14607943] (Neutralization, Human)
• Hessian PA, Highton J, Kean A, Sun CK, Chin M Cytokine profile of the rheumatoid nodule suggests that it is a Th1 granuloma. Arthritis Rheum., 2003;48(2):334-8. 2003 [PMID: 12571841] (IHC, Human)
• Nutku E, Gounni AS, Olivenstein R, Hamid Q Evidence for expression of eosinophil-associated IL-12 messenger RNA and immunoreactivity in bronchial asthma. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol., 2000;106(2):288-92. 2000 [PMID: 10932072] (ICC, Human)

Bioinformatics

• Gene Symbol: IL12A
• Uniprot:
  • P29459 (p35) & P29460 (p40)()