Human GM-CSF DuoSet ELISA, 15 Plate

• Reactivity: Hu
• Applications: ELISA
• Conjugate: Biotin

Human GM-CSF DuoSet ELISA, 15 Plate Summary

• Source: N/A
• Assay Type: Solid Phase Sandwich ELISA
• Inter-Assay: See PDF Datasheet for details
• Intra-Assay: See PDF Datasheet for details
• Spike Recovery: See PDF Datasheet for details
• Sample Volume: See PDF Datasheet for details
• Gene: CSF2

Applications/Dilutions

• Dilutions:
  • ELISA
• Application Notes: No significant interference observed with available related molecules.

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Store the unopened product at 2 - 8 °C. Do not use past expiration date.

Notes

This product is produced by and ships from R&D Systems, Inc., a Bio-Techne brand.

Alternate Names for Human GM-CSF DuoSet ELISA, 15 Plate

• colony stimulating factor 2 (granulocyte-macrophage)
• Colony-stimulating factor
• CSF
• CSF2
• CSF-2
• GMCSF
• GM-CSF
• GMCSFgranulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor
• granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor
• MGC131935
• MGC138897
• Molgramostim
• molgramostin
• Sargramostim

Background

GM-CSF (Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor) induces the development of monocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils, and myeloid and dermal dendritic cells. It also acts as a neutrophil and dendritic cell chemoattractant. GM-CSF promotes Th1 and Th17 cell mediated autoimmune inflammation as well as the inflammatory activation of dendritic cells, microglia, alveolar macrophages, and eosinophils. In addition, it cooperates with G-CSF in promoting tumor cell proliferation and invasion. GM-CSF signals through a receptor complex composed of GM-CSF R alpha and the Common beta Chain (beta c) with Syndecan-2 as a potential co-receptor. The beta c subunit is shared by the receptor complexes for IL-3 and IL-5.

Publications for GM-CSF (DY215)(51)

Publications using DY215

• Haynes, AM;Cohen, SB;Pesaladinne, A;Sherman, DR;Urdahl, KB;Cox, JS;Hawn, TR; ESX-5 Deletions in Mycobacterium tuberculosis Alter Macrophage Cytokine Signaling and Bacterial Heavy Metal Response bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology 2025-10-02 [PMID: 41256704] (Human)
• Pourfarzam, S;Ardestani, SK;Jamali, T;Ghazanfari, H;Naghizadeh, MM;Faghihzadeh, S;Yaraee, R;Ghazanfari, Z;Ghazanfari, T; Distinct inflammatory profiles in mustard lung: A study of sulfur mustard-exposed patients with serious pulmonary complications International immunopharmacology 2024-12-16 [PMID: 39689604] (Human)
• Katsoulis, O;Toussaint, M;Jackson, MM;Mallia, P;Footitt, J;Mincham, KT;Meyer, GFM;Kebadze, T;Gilmour, A;Long, M;Aswani, AD;Snelgrove, RJ;Johnston, SL;Chalmers, JD;Singanayagam, A; Neutrophil extracellular traps promote immunopathogenesis of virus-induced COPD exacerbations Nature communications 2024-07-09 [PMID: 38982052] (Human)
• Gysan, MR;Milacek, C;Bal, C;Zech, A;Brugger, J;Milos, RI;Antoniewicz, L;Idzko, M;Gompelmann, D; Ventilatory support and inflammatory peptides in hospitalised patients with COVID-19: A prospective cohort trial PloS one 2023-11-02 [PMID: 37917760] (Human)
• Michielon, E;López González, M;Stolk, DA;Stolwijk, JGC;Roffel, S;Waaijman, T;Lougheed, SM;de Gruijl, TD;Gibbs, S; A Reconstructed Human Melanoma-in-Skin Model to Study Immune Modulatory and Angiogenic Mechanisms Facilitating Initial Melanoma Growth and Invasion Cancers 2023-05-20 [PMID: 37345186] (Human)
• Kleuskens, MTA;Bek, MK;Al Halabi, Y;Blokhuis, BRJ;Diks, MAP;Haasnoot, ML;Garssen, J;Bredenoord, AJ;C A M van Esch, B;Redegeld, FA; Mast cells disrupt the function of the esophageal epithelial barrier Mucosal immunology 2023-06-09 [PMID: 37302713] ( Human)
• Naghavian, R;Faigle, W;Oldrati, P;Wang, J;Toussaint, NC;Qiu, Y;Medici, G;Wacker, M;Freudenmann, LK;Bont�, PE;Weller, M;Regli, L;Amigorena, S;Rammensee, HG;Walz, JS;Brugger, SD;Mohme, M;Zhao, Y;Sospedra, M;Neidert, MC;Martin, R; Microbial peptides activate tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes in glioblastoma Nature 2023-05-17 [PMID: 37198490] (Human)
• Liu, Y;Smith, MR;Wang, Y;D'Agostino, R;Ruiz, J;Lycan, T;Kucera, GL;Miller, LD;Li, W;Chan, MD;Farris, M;Su, J;Song, Q;Zhao, D;Chandrasekaran, A;Xing, F; c-Met Mediated Cytokine Network Promotes Brain Metastasis of Breast Cancer by Remodeling Neutrophil Activities Cancers 2023-05-05 [PMID: 37174093]
• A Di Nardo, YL Chang, S Alimohamma, K Masuda-Kur, Z Wang, K Sriram, PA Insel Mast cell tolerance in the skin microenvironment to commensal bacteria is controlled by fibroblasts Cell Reports, 2023-04-28;42(5):112453. 2023-04-28 [PMID: 37120813] (Human)
• E Pylaeva, G Korschunow, I Spyra, S Bordbari, E Siakaeva, I Ozel, M Domnich, A Squire, A Hasenberg, K Thangavelu, T Hussain, M Goetz, KS Lang, M Gunzer, W Hansen, J Buer, A Bankfalvi, S Lang, J Jablonska During early stages of cancer, neutrophils initiate anti-tumor immune responses in tumor-draining lymph nodes Cell Reports, 2022-08-16;40(7):111171. 2022-08-16 [PMID: 35977505] (Human)
• H Janbazacya, J van Bergen, S Varasteh, J Garssen, G Folkerts, S Braber Repeated exposure of bronchial epithelial cells to particular matter increases allergen-induced cytokine release and permeability Cytokine, 2022-04-08;154(0):155878. 2022-04-08 [PMID: 35405483] (Human)
• K Alishah, M Birtel, E Masoumi, L Jafarzadeh, HR Mirzaee, J Hadjati, RH Voss, M Diken, S Asad CRISPR/Cas9-mediated TGFbetaRII disruption enhances anti-tumor efficacy of human chimeric antigen receptor T cells in vitro Journal of Translational Medicine, 2021-11-27;19(1):482. 2021-11-27 [PMID: 34838059] (Human)
• N Niu, J Yao, RC Bast, AK Sood, J Liu IL-6 promotes drug resistance through formation of polyploid giant cancer cells and stromal fibroblast reprogramming Oncogenesis, 2021-09-29;10(9):65. 2021-09-29 [PMID: 34588424] (Human)
• K Jamal Jame, WJ Gallert, SD Yanik, S Panek, J Kronsbein, D Jungck, A Koch, J Knobloch Biomarkers for Comorbidities Modulate the Activity of T-Cells in COPD International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2021-07-02;22(13):. 2021-07-02 [PMID: 34281240] (Human)
• LE Cabrera, PT Pekkarinen, M Alander, KHA Nowlan, NA Nguyen, S Jokiranta, S Kuivanen, A Patjas, S Mero, SH Pakkanen, S Heinonen, A Kantele, O Vapalahti, E Kekäläinen, T Strandin Characterization of low-density granulocytes in COVID-19 PloS Pathogens, 2021-07-06;17(7):e1009721. 2021-07-06 [PMID: 34228753] (Human)
• SL Mathiasen, L Gall-Mas, IS Pateras, SDP Theodorou, MRJ Namini, MB Hansen, OCB Martin, CK Vadivel, K Ntostoglou, D Butter, M Givskov, C Geisler, AN Akbar, VG Gorgoulis, T Frisan, N Ødum, T Krejsgaard Bacterial genotoxins induce T�cell senescence Cell Reports, 2021-06-08;35(10):109220. 2021-06-08 [PMID: 34107253] (Human)
• K Renner, T Schwittay, S Chaabane, J Gottschlin, C Müller, C Tiefenböck, JN Salewski, F Winter, S Buchtler, S Balam, MV Malferthei, M Lubnow, D Lunz, B Graf, F Hitzenbich, F Hanses, H Poeck, M Kreutz, E Orsó, R Burkhardt, T Niedermair, C Brochhause, A Gessner, B Salzberger, M Mack Severe T cell hyporeactivity in ventilated COVID-19 patients correlates with prolonged virus persistence and poor outcomes Nature Communications, 2021-05-21;12(1):3006. 2021-05-21 [PMID: 34021143] (Human)
• L Wang, D Aschenbren, Z Zeng, X Cao, D Mayr, M Mehta, M Capitani, N Warner, J Pan, L Wang, Q Li, T Zuo, S Cohen-Keda, J Lu, RC Ardy, DJ Mulder, D Dissanayak, K Peng, Z Huang, X Li, Y Wang, X Wang, S Li, S Bullers, AN Gammage, K Warnatz, AI Schiefer, G Krivan, V Goda, WHA Kahr, M Lemaire, Genomics E, CY Lu, I Siddiqui, MG Surette, D Kotlarz, KR Engelhardt, HR Griffin, R Rottapel, H Decaluwe, RM Laxer, M Proietti, S Hambleton, S Elcombe, CH Guo, B Grimbacher, I Dotan, SC Ng, SA Freeman, SB Snapper, C Klein, K Boztug, Y Huang, D Li, HH Uhlig, AM Muise Gain-of-function variants in SYK cause immune dysregulation and systemic inflammation in humans and mice Nature Genetics, 2021-03-29;53(4):500-510. 2021-03-29 [PMID: 33782605] (Human)
• J Li, A Wuethrich, AAI Sina, HH Cheng, Y Wang, A Behren, PN Mainwaring, M Trau A digital single-molecule nanopillar SERS platform for predicting and monitoring immune toxicities in immunotherapy Nature Communications, 2021-02-17;12(1):1087. 2021-02-17 [PMID: 33597530] (Human)
• P Peterlin, J Gaschet, T Guillaume, A Garnier, M Eveillard, A Le Bourgeo, M Cherel, C Debord, Y Le Bris, O Theisen, C Godon, B Mahé, V Dubruille, S Wuilleme, C Touzeau, T Gastinne, N Blin, A Lok, B Tessoulin, S Le Gouill, P Moreau, MC Béné, P Chevallier A new cytokine-based dynamic stratification during induction is highly predictive of survivals in acute myeloid leukemia Cancer Medicine, 2020-12-25;0(0):. 2020-12-25 [PMID: 33369136] (Human)
• GR Kathamuthu, K Moideen, R Sridhar, D Baskaran, S Babu Altered plasma levels of &betaC and &gammaC chain cytokines and post-treatment modulation in tuberculous lymphadenitis Cytokine, 2020-12-17;138(0):155405. 2020-12-17 [PMID: 33341600] (Human)
• J Aldridge, AH Ekwall, L Mark, B Bergström, K Andersson, I Gjertsson, AC Lundell, A Rudin T helper cells in synovial fluid of patients with rheumatoid arthritis primarily have a Th1 and a CXCR3+Th2 phenotype Arthritis Res Ther, 2020-10-16;22(1):245. 2020-10-16 [PMID: 33066816] (Human)
• F Al-Rashed, R Thomas, A Al-Roub, F Al-Mulla, R Ahmad LPS Induces GM-CSF Production by Breast Cancer MDA-MB-231 Cells via Long-Chain Acyl-CoA Synthetase 1 Molecules, 2020-10-14;25(20):. 2020-10-14 [PMID: 33066575] (Human)
• P Dimou, RD Wright, KL Budge, A Midgley, SC Satchell, M Peak, MW Beresford The human glomerular endothelial cells are potent pro-inflammatory contributors in an in vitro model of lupus nephritis Sci Rep, 2019-06-06;9(1):8348. 2019-06-06 [PMID: 31171837] (Human)
• SA Prabowo, A Zelmer, L Stockdale, U Ojha, SG Smith, K Seifert, HA Fletcher Historical BCG vaccination combined with drug treatment enhances inhibition of mycobacterial growth ex vivo in human peripheral blood cells Sci Rep, 2019-03-19;9(1):4842. 2019-03-19 [PMID: 30890730] (Human)
• SE Logue, EP McGrath, P Cleary, S Greene, K Mnich, A Almanza, E Chevet, RM Dwyer, A Oommen, P Legembre, F Godey, EC Madden, B Leuzzi, J Obacz, Q Zeng, JB Patterson, R Jäger, AM Gorman, A Samali Inhibition of IRE1 RNase activity modulates the tumor cell secretome and enhances response to chemotherapy Nat Commun, 2018-08-15;9(1):3267. 2018-08-15 [PMID: 30111846] (Human)
• Hyung-Geun Moon, Seung-jae Kim, Jong Jin Jeong, Seon-Sook Han, Nizar N. Jarjour, Hyun Lee et al. Airway Epithelial Cell-Derived Colony Stimulating Factor-1 Promotes Allergen Sensitization Immunity 2018-08-01 [PMID: 30054206] (Human)
• DJ Sharkey, DJ Glynn, JE Schjenken, KP Tremellen, SA Robertson Interferon-gamma inhibits seminal plasma induction of colony stimulating factor 2 in mouse and human reproductive tract epithelial cells Biol. Reprod., 2018-09-01;0(0):. 2018-09-01 [PMID: 29596569] (Human)
• YE Bar-Ephrai, F Cornelisse, N Papazian, T Konijn, RM Hoogenboez, MA Sanders, BA Westerman, M Gönültas, J Kwekkeboom, JMM Den Haan, RM Reijmers, RE Mebius, T Cupedo Cross-Tissue Transcriptomic Analysis of Human Secondary Lymphoid Organ-Residing ILC3s Reveals a Quiescent State in the Absence of Inflammation Cell Rep, 2017-10-17;21(3):823-833. 2017-10-17 [PMID: 29045847] (Human)
• Y Abbas, CM Oefner, WJ Polacheck, L Gardner, L Farrell, A Sharkey, R Kamm, A Moffett, ML Oyen A microfluidics assay to study invasion of human placental trophoblast cells J R Soc Interface, 2017-05-01;14(130):. 2017-05-01 [PMID: 28566515] (Human)
• CM Henry, SJ Martin Caspase-8 Acts in a Non-enzymatic Role as a Scaffold for Assembly of a Pro-inflammatory FADDosome Complex upon TRAIL Stimulation Mol. Cell, 2017-02-16;65(4):715-729.e5. 2017-02-16 [PMID: 28212752] (Human)
• IL-17 Promotes Neutrophil-Mediated Immunity by Activating Microvascular Pericytes and Not Endothelium J Immunol, 2016-08-17;0(0):. 2016-08-17 [PMID: 27534549] (Human)
• Y Koga, T Hisada, T Ishizuka, M Utsugi, A Ono, M Yatomi, Y Kamide, H Aoki-Saito, H Tsurumaki, K Dobashi, M Yamada CREB regulates TNF-?-induced GM-CSF secretion via p38 MAPK in human lung fibroblasts Allergol Int, 2016-04-22;0(0):. 2016-04-22 [PMID: 27118435] (Human)
• Aravindhan V, Mohan V, Arunkumar N, Sandhya S, Babu S Chronic Endotoxemia in Subjects with Type-1 Diabetes Is Seen Much before the Onset of Microvascular Complications. PLoS ONE, 2015-09-14;10(9):e0137618. 2015-09-14 [PMID: 26367738] (Human)
• Shah S, King E, Chandrasekhar A, Newton R Roles for the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphatase, DUSP1, in feedback control of inflammatory gene expression and repression by dexamethasone. J Biol Chem, 2014-04-01;289(19):13667-79. 2014-04-01 [PMID: 24692548] (Human)
• Seeger P, Bosisio D, Parolini S, Badolato R, Gismondi A, Santoni A, Sozzani S Activin A as a mediator of NK-dendritic cell functional interactions. J Immunol, 2014-01-06;192(3):1241-8. 2014-01-06 [PMID: 24395917] (Human)
• David M, Kelly E, Zoellner H Opposite cytokine synthesis by fibroblasts in contact co-culture with osteosarcoma cells compared with transwell co-cultures. Cytokine, 2013-03-19;62(1):48-51. 2013-03-19 [PMID: 23523091] (Human)
• Jaedicke K, Roythorne A, Padget K, Todryk S, Preshaw P, Taylor J Leptin up-regulates TLR2 in human monocytes. J Leukoc Biol, 2013-01-22;93(4):561-71. 2013-01-22 [PMID: 23341537] (Human)
• Interleukin-1alpha controls allergic sensitization to inhaled house dust mite via the epithelial release of GM-CSF and IL-33. J. Exp. Med., 2012-07-16;209(8):1505-17. 2012-07-16 [PMID: 22802353] (Human)
• Wilhelmsen K, Mesa K, Lucero J, Xu F, Hellman J ERK5 protein promotes, whereas MEK1 protein differentially regulates, the Toll-like receptor 2 protein-dependent activation of human endothelial cells and monocytes. J Biol Chem, 2012-06-15;287(32):26478-94. 2012-06-15 [PMID: 22707717] (Human)
• Kamekura R, Kojima T, Takano K, Go M, Sawada N, Himi T The role of IL-33 and its receptor ST2 in human nasal epithelium with allergic rhinitis. Clin. Exp. Allergy, 2012-02-01;42(2):218-28. 2012-02-01 [PMID: 22233535] (Human)
• Rebelo SL, Amel-Kashipaz MR, Radford PM, Bainbridge SE, Fiets R, Fang J, McDermott EM, Powell RJ, Todd I, Tighe PJ Novel markers of inflammation identified in tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated periodic syndrome (TRAPS) by transcriptomic analysis of effects of TRAPS-associated tumor necrosis factor receptor type I mutations in an endothelial cell line. Arthritis Rheum., 2009-01-01;60(1):269-80. 2009-01-01 [PMID: 19116900] (Human)
• Lages CS, Suffia I, Velilla PA, Huang B, Warshaw G, Hildeman DA, Belkaid Y, Chougnet C Functional regulatory T cells accumulate in aged hosts and promote chronic infectious disease reactivation. J. Immunol., 2008-08-01;181(3):1835-48. 2008-08-01 [PMID: 18641321] (Mouse)
• Lamhamedi-Cherradi SE, Martin RE, Ito T, Kheradmand F, Corry DB, Liu YJ, Moyle M Fungal proteases induce Th2 polarization through limited dendritic cell maturation and reduced production of IL-12. J. Immunol., 2008-05-01;180(9):6000-9. 2008-05-01 [PMID: 18424720] (Human)
• Alisa A, Boswell S, Pathan AA, Ayaru L, Williams R, Behboudi S Human CD4(+) T cells recognize an epitope within alpha-fetoprotein sequence and develop into TGF-beta-producing CD4(+) T cells. J. Immunol., 2008-04-01;180(7):5109-17. 2008-04-01 [PMID: 18354237] (Human)
• Weindl G, Naglik JR, Kaesler S, Biedermann T, Hube B, Korting HC, Schaller M Human epithelial cells establish direct antifungal defense through TLR4-mediated signaling. J. Clin. Invest., 2007-12-01;117(12):3664-3672. 2007-12-01 [PMID: 17992260] (Human)
• Rumelhard M, Ramgolam K, Hamel R, Marano F, Baeza-Squiban A Expression and role of EGFR ligands induced in airway cells by PM2.5 and its components. Eur. Respir. J., 2007-09-05;30(6):1064-73. 2007-09-05 [PMID: 17804444] (Human)
• Kawai T, Matsuyama T, Hosokawa Y, Makihira S, Seki M, Karimbux NY, Goncalves RB, Valverde P, Dibart S, Li YP, Miranda LA, Ernst CW, Izumi Y, Taubman MA B and T lymphocytes are the primary sources of RANKL in the bone resorptive lesion of periodontal disease. Am. J. Pathol., 2006-09-01;169(3):987-98. 2006-09-01 [PMID: 16936272] (Human)
• Filer A, Parsonage G, Smith E, Osborne C, Thomas AM, Curnow SJ, Rainger GE, Raza K, Nash GB, Lord J, Salmon M, Buckley CD Differential survival of leukocyte subsets mediated by synovial, bone marrow, and skin fibroblasts: site-specific versus activation-dependent survival of T cells and neutrophils. Arthritis Rheum., 2006-07-01;54(7):2096-108. 2006-07-01 [PMID: 16802344] (Human)
• Finney HM, Akbar AN, Lawson AD Activation of resting human primary T cells with chimeric receptors: costimulation from CD28, inducible costimulator, CD134, and CD137 in series with signals from the TCR zeta chain. J. Immunol., 2004-01-01;172(1):104-13. 2004-01-01 [PMID: 14688315] (Human)
• Petit-Bertron AF, Fitting C, Cavaillon JM, Adib-Conquy M Adherence influences monocyte responsiveness to interleukin-10. J. Leukoc. Biol., 2003-01-01;73(1):145-54. 2003-01-01 [PMID: 12525572] (Human)

FAQs for GM-CSF (DY215). (Showing 1 - 1 of 1 FAQs).

1. What is the difference between the Quantikine and Duoset ELISA kits?
   • Our Quantikine kits are fully optimized and validated for the sample types listed on the product specific webpage and datasheet, as this can vary between kits. Each kit is supplied ready to use with one pre-coated 96-well plate, a detection antibody directly conjugated to HRP, and all other necessary reagents. These kits are ideal for researchers who want the convenience of a ready to use and optimized ELISA product. Some of these kits are also available prepackaged in larger 6 and 50 plate sizes.Our DuoSet Kits, in contrast, are ELISA development kits containing the capture and detection antibody, the mass-value calibrated standard, and streptavidin-HRP to prepare approximately 5 or 15 plates. Ancillary reagents will need to be used/purchased, and for most kits, we will recommend one of our Ancillary Reagent Kits, which contain the reagents we use ourselves in-house. DuoSet kits are validated only for cell culture supernatant samples and therefore require further development and validation for accurate measurement in more complex samples such as serum and plasma. Our DuoSet Kits offer an economical, flexible alternative for the experienced ELISA user.

Bioinformatics

• Gene Symbol: CSF2