CCL4/MIP-1 beta Antibody [Biotin]

CCL4/MIP‑1 beta was detected in immersion fixed human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) using Human CCL4/MIP‑1 beta Biotinylated Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # BAF271) at 10 µg/mL for 3 hours at room temperature. Cells were stained using the NorthernLights™ 557-conjugated Streptavidin (red; Catalog # NL999) and counterstained with DAPI (blue). View our protocol for Fluorescent ICC Staining of Non-adherent Cells.

• Reactivity: Hu
• Applications: WB, ELISA(Det), ICC/IF
• Clonality: Polyclonal
• Host: Goat
• Conjugate: Biotin
• Concentration: LYOPH

CCL4/MIP-1 beta Antibody [Biotin] Summary

• Immunogen: S. frugiperda insect ovarian cell line Sf 21-derived recombinant human CCL4/MIP-1 beta
• Specificity: Detects human CCL4/MIP-1 beta in ELISAs and Western blots. In sandwich immunoassays, less than 1% cross-reactivity with recombinant human (rh) MIP‑1 alpha is observed and less than 0.1% cross-reactivity with recombinant viral (rv) MIP-I, rvMIP-II, rhMIP‑1δ, recombinant mouse (rm) MIP‑1 alpha , rmMIP‑1 beta , rmMIP-1 gamma , rhGRO beta , rhGRO gamma , rhMCP-1, and rhRANTES is observed.
• Source: N/A
• Isotype: IgG
• Clonality: Polyclonal
• Host: Goat
• Gene: CCL4
• Purity Statement: Antigen Affinity-purified

Applications/Dilutions

• Dilutions:
  • ELISA Capture (Matched Antibody Pair) 2-8 ug/mL
  • ELISA Detection (Matched Antibody Pair) 0.1-0.4 ug/mL
  • ELISA Standard (Matched Pair)
  • Immunocytochemistry 5-15 ug/mL
  • Western Blot 0.1 ug/mL
• Application Notes: ELISA Capture: Human CCL4/MIP-1 beta Antibody (Catalog # MAB271)
  ELISA Detection: Human CCL4/MIP-1 beta Biotinylated Antibody (Catalog # BAF271)
  Standard: Recombinant Human CCL4/MIP-1 beta (Catalog # 271-BME)
• Readout System:
  • Streptavidin Native Protein NBP2-29367
  • Streptavidin Native Protein NBP2-29370
  • Streptavidin Native Protein NBP2-29371

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
• Buffer: Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with BSA as a carrier protein.
• Preservative: No Preservative
• Concentration: LYOPH
• Reconstitution Instructions: Reconstitute at 0.2 mg/mL in sterile PBS.

Notes

This product is produced by and ships from R&D Systems, Inc., a Bio-Techne brand.

Alternate Names for CCL4/MIP-1 beta Antibody [Biotin]

• ACT2
• ACT-2
• AT744.1
• C-C motif chemokine 4
• CCL4
• chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 4
• Exodus-3
• G-26 T-lymphocyte-secreted protein
• G-26
• HC21
• LAG1
• LAG-1
• Lymphocyte activation gene 1 protein
• Macrophage inflammatory protein 1-beta
• MIP1 beta
• MIP-1 beta
• MIP1B
• MIP1B1
• MIP-1-beta
• MIP-1-beta(1-69)
• PAT 744
• Protein H400
• SCYA2
• SCYA4
• secreted protein G-26
• SIS-gamma
• small inducible cytokine A4 (homologous to mouse Mip-1b)
• Small-inducible cytokine A4
• T-cell activation protein 2

Background

CCL4, also known as macrophage inflammatory protein 1 beta (MIP-1 beta ) is a 7.8 kDa beta chemokine that is secreted at sites of inflammation by activated leukocytes, lymphocytes, vascular endothelial cells, and pulmonary smooth muscle cells. CCL4 attracts a variety of immune cells to sites of microbial infection as well as to other pathologic inflammation such as allergic asthma and ischemic myocardium. A CCL4 deficiency in mice promotes the development of autoantibodies, possibly as a result of compromised regulatory T cell recruitment. CCL4 is secreted from activated monocytes as a heterodimer with CCL3/MIP-1 alpha . The first two N-terminal amino acids can be cleaved from human CCL4 by CD26/DPPIV. Both the full length and truncated forms exert biological activity through CCR5, and the truncated form additionally interacts with CCR1 and CCR2b. In humans, the ability of CCL4 to bind CCR5 inhibits the cellular entry of M-tropic HIV-1 which utilizes CCR5 as a coreceptor. Both forms of CCL4 block HIV-1 infection of T cells by inducing the downregulation of CCR5. Mature human CCL4 shares 77% and 80% aa sequence identity with mouse and rat CCL4, respectively.

Limitations

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.

Publications for CCL4/MIP-1 beta Antibody (BAF271)(11)

Publications using BAF271

• Nikki P. L. Toledo, Hongzhao Li, Robert W. Omange, Tamara G. Dacoba, Jose Crecente-Campo, Dane Schalk et al. Cervico-Vaginal Inflammatory Cytokine and Chemokine Responses to Two Different SIV Immunogens Frontiers in Immunology 8/25/2020 [PMID: 32983121]
• Mehdi Bouhaddou, Danish Memon, Bjoern Meyer, Kris M. White, Veronica V. Rezelj, Miguel Correa Marrero et al. The Global Phosphorylation Landscape of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Cell 8/1/2020 [PMID: 32645325]
• L Marischen, A Englert, AL Schmitt, H Einsele, J Loeffler Human NK cells adapt their immune response towards increasing multiplicities of infection of Aspergillus fumigatus BMC Immunol., 2018-12-18;19(1):39. 2018-12-18 [PMID: 30563459] (Western Blot, Human)
• Hu H, Kwun J, Aizenstein BD, Knechtle SJ Noninvasive detection of acute and chronic injuries in human renal transplant by elevation of multiple cytokines/chemokines in urine. Transplantation, 2009-06-27;87(12):1814-20. 2009-06-27 [PMID: 19543058] (Antibody Array Development, Human)
• Pfleger C, Kaas A, Hansen L, Alizadeh B, Hougaard P, Holl R, Kolb H, Roep BO, Mortensen HB, Schloot NC Relation of circulating concentrations of chemokine receptor CCR5 ligands to C-peptide, proinsulin and HbA1c and disease progression in type 1 diabetes. Clin. Immunol., 2008-04-22;128(1):57-65. 2008-04-22 [PMID: 18434252] (ELISA Development, Human)
• Biancotto A, Iglehart SJ, Lisco A, Vanpouille C, Grivel JC, Lurain NS, Reichelderfer PS, Margolis LB Upregulation of human cytomegalovirus by HIV type 1 in human lymphoid tissue ex vivo. AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses, 2008-03-01;24(3):453-62. 2008-03-01 [PMID: 18327985] (Luminex Development, Human)
• Grivel JC, Elliott J, Lisco A, Biancotto A, Condack C, Shattock RJ, McGowan I, Margolis L, Anton P HIV-1 pathogenesis differs in rectosigmoid and tonsillar tissues infected ex vivo with CCR5- and CXCR4-tropic HIV-1. AIDS, 2007;21(10):1263-72. 2007 [PMID: 17545702] (Luminex Development, Human)
• Biancotto A, Grivel JC, Iglehart SJ, Vanpouille C, Lisco A, Sieg SF, Debernardo R, Garate K, Rodriguez B, Margolis LB, Lederman MM Abnormal activation and cytokine spectra in lymph nodes of people chronically infected with HIV-1. Blood, 2007-02-08;109(10):4272-9. 2007-02-08 [PMID: 17289812] (Luminex Development, Human)
• Gounni Abdelilah S, Wellemans V, Agouli M, Guenounou M, Hamid Q, Beck LA, Lamkhioued B Increased expression of Th2-associated chemokines in bullous pemphigoid disease. Role of eosinophils in the production and release of these chemokines. Clin. Immunol., 2006-06-16;120(2):220-31. 2006-06-16 [PMID: 16782408] (ELISA Development, Human)
• Dioszeghy V, Benlhassan-Chahour K, Delache B, Dereuddre-Bosquet N, Aubenque C, Gras G, Le Grand R, Vaslin B Changes in soluble factor-mediated CD8+ cell-derived antiviral activity in cynomolgus macaques infected with simian immunodeficiency virus SIVmac251: relationship to biological markers of progression. J. Virol., 2006-01-01;80(1):236-45. 2006-01-01 [PMID: 16352548] (ELISA Development, Primate - Macaca fascicularis (Crab-eating Monkey or Cynomolgus Macaque))
• Deiva K, Geeraerts T, Salim H, Leclerc P, Hery C, Hugel B, Freyssinet JM, Tardieu M Fractalkine reduces N-methyl-d-aspartate-induced calcium flux and apoptosis in human neurons through extracellular signal-regulated kinase activation. Eur. J. Neurosci., 2004-12-01;20(12):3222-32. 2004-12-01 [PMID: 15610155] (ICC, IHC-Fr, Human)

Bioinformatics

• Gene Symbol: CCL4