Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is an analytic biochemical assay that utilizes enzyme-linked antibodies on a microwell platform to quantitate specific proteins within biological samples. Visual detection is then achieved by adding the enzyme’s substrate, which causes a color-changing reaction to occur. There are three different types of ELISA that are most commonly used: indirect ELISA, sandwich ELISA and competitive ELISA. These assays are extremely useful for high-throughput diagnostic screenings drug testing.
Novus offers a range of support options for ELISA when you buy a product to help you with your ELISA experiment including:
| Formulation | Catalog # | Availability | Price | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BSA Free | NBP1-51641SS | |||
| Azide and BSA Free | NBP2-80949 | |||
| Formulation | Catalog # | Availability | Price | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BSA Free | NB110-60002SS | |||
| Azide and BSA Free | NBP2-80693 | |||
| Formulation | Catalog # | Availability | Price | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BSA Free | NB100-78039SS | |||
| Azide and BSA Free | NBP2-80921 | |||
| Formulation | Catalog # | Availability | Price | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BSA Free | NBP1-47470SS | |||
| Azide and BSA Free | NBP2-80757 | |||
| Formulation | Catalog # | Availability | Price | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Azide and BSA Free | NB200-598SS | |||
| Azide and BSA Free | NBP2-80928 | |||
| Formulation | Catalog # | Availability | Price | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BSA Free | NB120-6125SS | |||
| Azide and BSA Free | NBP2-80901 | |||
![N/A Granzyme B [Biotin]](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize2/DATA_Granzyme_B_DY290605_ELISA_2415.jpg "N/A Granzyme B [Biotin]")
![Immunohistochemistry: Sirtuin 1/SIRT1 Antibody (1F3) [NBP1-51641] - Early social isolation (ESI) induces long-term changes in sirtuin1 (SIRT) mRNA expression in the mouse brain and blood and reduces the SIRT1 protein level in different brain regions. Confocal images from the hippocampus and basolateral amygdala of control and ESI mice reacted with SIRT1 antibody. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//www.nature.com/articles/tp2015125) licensed under a CC-BY license.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/Sirtuin-1-SIRT1-Antibody-1F3-Immunohistochemistry-NBP1-51641-img0015.jpg "Immunohistochemistry: Sirtuin 1/SIRT1 Antibody (1F3) [NBP1-51641] - Early social isolation (ESI) induces long-term changes in sirtuin1 (SIRT) mRNA expression in the mouse brain and blood and reduces the SIRT1 protein level in different brain regions. Confocal images from the hippocampus and basolateral amygdala of control and ESI mice reacted with SIRT1 antibody. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//www.nature.com/articles/tp2015125) licensed under a CC-BY license.")
![Western Blot: Sirtuin 1/SIRT1 Antibody (1F3) [NBP1-51641] - Western blot analysis using SIRT1 mouse mAb against MCF-7 (1), Jurkat (2), Hela (3), HEK293 (4) and A549 (5) cell lysates.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/Sirtuin-1-SIRT1-Antibody-1F3-Western-Blot-NBP1-51641-img0007.jpg)
![Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence: Sirtuin 1/SIRT1 Antibody (1F3) [NBP1-51641] - SIRT1 antibody was tested at 1:10 in Ntera2 cells with Dylight 488 (green). Nuclei and alpha-tubulin were counterstained with DAPI (blue) and Dylight 550 (red). Image objective 40x.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/Sirtuin-1-SIRT1-Antibody-1F3-Immunocytochemistry-Immunofluorescence-NBP1-51641-img0012.jpg)
![Flow Cytometry: Sirtuin 1/SIRT1 Antibody (1F3) [NBP1-51641] - Intracellular flow cytometric staining of 1 x 10^6 HEK-293 cells using SIRT1 antibody (dark blue). Isotype control shown in orange. An antibody concentration of 1 ug/1x10^6 cells was used.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/Sirtuin-1-SIRT1-Antibody-1F3-Flow-Cytometry-NBP1-51641-img0010.jpg)
![Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence: Sirtuin 1/SIRT1 Antibody (1F3) [NBP1-51641] - Analysis of NTERA-2 cells using SIRT1 mouse mAb (green). Red: Actin filaments have been labeled with Alexa Fluor-555 phalloidin.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/Sirtuin-1-SIRT1-Antibody-1F3-Immunocytochemistry-Immunofluorescence-NBP1-51641-img0006.jpg)
![Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: Sirtuin 1/SIRT1 Antibody (1F3) [NBP1-51641] - Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded lung cancer tissues (left) and kidney cancer tissues (right) using SIRT1 mouse mAb with DAB staining.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/Sirtuin-1-SIRT1-Antibody-1F3-Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin-NBP1-51641-img0003.jpg)
![Flow (Intracellular): Sirtuin 1/SIRT1 Antibody (1F3) [NBP1-51641] - An intracellular stain was performed on RAW 246.7 cells with Sirtuin 1/SIRT1 Antibody (1F3) NBP1-51641APC (blue) and a matched isotype control (orange). Cells were fixed with 4% PFA and then permeablized with 0.1% saponin. Cells were incubated in an antibody dilution of 2.5 ug/mL for 30 minutes at room temperature. Both antibodies were conjugated to Allophycocyanin.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/Sirtuin-1-SIRT1-Antibody-1F3-Flow-Intracellular-NBP1-51641-img0014.jpg)
![Flow Cytometry: Sirtuin 1/SIRT1 Antibody (1F3) [NBP1-51641] - Flow cytometric analysis of K562 cells using SIRT1 mouse mAb (green) and negative control (purple).](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/Sirtuin-1-SIRT1-Antibody-1F3-Flow-Cytometry-NBP1-51641-img0005.jpg)
![Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence: Sirtuin 1/SIRT1 Antibody (1F3) - BSA Free [NBP1-51641] - Early social isolation (ESI) induces long-term changes in sirtuin1 (SIRT) mRNA expression in the mouse brain & blood & reduces the SIRT1 protein level in different brain regions. (a) The mRNA expression levels (relative expression levels=fold changes over control, normalized to PGK1 & TBP (Tata Binding Protein) genes) of SIRT1 & SIRT6 were significantly decreased in the brain of ESI compared with control mice. (b) In peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of ESI-treated mice, the expression level of SIRT1 mRNA was downregulated. ESI, n=9 (male (M)=6, female (F)=3); Control, n=7 (M=4, F=3) ***P<0.001; *P<0.05. (c) Confocal images showing SIRT1 (red) & NeuN (green) immunostaining plus 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) counterstaining (gray) in the brain of control mice. SIRT1 (red) colocalizes both with the neuronal marker NeuN (green) & with DAPI (gray). (d) Confocal images from the hippocampus & basolateral amygdala of control & ESI mice reacted with SIRT1 antibody. (e) Densitometric analysis of SIRT1 immunoreactivity in the motor cortex, striatum, hippocampus & basolateral amygdala revealed a significant reduction of SIRT1 immunoreactivity in ESI compared with control mice. The F/A ratio defines the mean fluorescence of individual samples (F) normalized to total surface (A). ESI, n=5; Control, n=5. ***P<0.001. Scale bars: (d) 100 μm; 25 μm. Image collected & cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//www.nature.com/articles/tp2015125), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/nbp1-51641_mouse-monoclonal-sirtuin-1-sirt1-antibody-1f3-310202416165619.jpg)
![Immunohistochemistry: Defensin alpha 5 Antibody (8C8) [NB110-60002] - Human skeletal muscle myocytes showing moderate nuclear and faint cytoplasmic staining.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/Defensin-alpha-5-Antibody-8C8-Immunohistochemistry-NB110-60002-img0003.jpg "Immunohistochemistry: Defensin alpha 5 Antibody (8C8) [NB110-60002] - Human skeletal muscle myocytes showing moderate nuclear and faint cytoplasmic staining.")
![Flow Cytometry: Defensin alpha 5 Antibody (8C8) [NB110-60002] - Intracellular flow cytometric staining of 1 x 10^6 MCF-7 cells using Defensin alpha 5 antibody (dark blue). Isotype control shown in orange. An antibody concentration of 1 ug/1x10^6 cells was used.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/Defensin-alpha-5-Antibody-8C8-Flow-Cytometry-NB110-60002-img0004.jpg)
![N/A CCL17/TARC [Biotin]](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize2/DATA_CCL17_DY364_ELISA_1968.jpg "N/A CCL17/TARC [Biotin]")
![N/A CXCL5/ENA-78 [Biotin]](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize2/DATA_CXCL5_ENA78_DY254_ELISA_1842.jpg "N/A CXCL5/ENA-78 [Biotin]")
![Western Blot: GPER/GPR30 Antibody [NLS4271] - Direct association of dopamine transporter and estrogen receptors on the plasma membrane vs. in total protein. Co-immunoprecipitation of dopamine transporter after 9 min 10-9 M E2 treatment and subsequent probing with antibodies for DAT, ERalpha, ERbeta, and GPR30. This is a representative immunoblot of 3 experiments Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2202/10/59), licensed under a CC-BY license.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/GPER-GPR30-Antibody-Western-Blot-NLS4271-img0004.jpg "Western Blot: GPER/GPR30 Antibody [NLS4271] - Direct association of dopamine transporter and estrogen receptors on the plasma membrane vs. in total protein. Co-immunoprecipitation of dopamine transporter after 9 min 10-9 M E2 treatment and subsequent probing with antibodies for DAT, ERalpha, ERbeta, and GPR30. This is a representative immunoblot of 3 experiments Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2202/10/59), licensed under a CC-BY license.")
![Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: GPER/GPR30 Antibody [NLS4271] - Analysis of anti-GPR30 antibody with human brain, hippocampus.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/GPER-GPR30-Antibody-Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin-NLS4271-img0003.jpg)
![Western Blot: GPER/GPR30 Antibody [NLS4271] - Analysis of anti-GPR30 antibody with rat hypothalamus 5-10ug protein loaded per lane. Image courtesy provided by Carrie McAllister.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/GPER-GPR30-Antibody-Western-Blot-NLS4271-img0002.jpg)
![Western Blot: GPER/GPR30 Antibody - BSA Free [NLS4271] - GPER/GPR30 expression in normal lung cell lines & lung adenocarcinoma cell lines. A) The expression of GPER was determined by realtime quantitative PCR in each of the normal lung cell lines (open bars), lung adenocarcinoma cell lines (grey bars), & MCF-7 human breast cancer cells (black bar). Values are the average of 4–6 biological replicates ± SEM. B-D) Representative western blot analysis of GPER/GPR30 expression in the indicted cell lines. 30 μg of whole cell extract (WCE) were separated on 10% SDS PAGE gels with MW marker migration indicated at the left of each blot. The diagrams at the top of B-C, & D indicate the region of GPER recognized by the 3 different polyclonal antibodies used: B) Novus NBP-1-31239, C) Novus NLS4271; D) Santa Cruz sc-4854-R. The MW of GPR30 is estimated to be 42 kDa, but higher MW sizes have been reported due to glycosylation & interaction with other proteins. Bands are identified as glycosylated & nonglycosylated based on reports cited in the text, but could include interaction with other proteins. For each GPER western, the membrane was stripped & reprobed for beta -actin as a loading control. Quantitation of GPER was evaluated by summing all immunoreactive bands & dividing by beta -actin, then normalizing to HBEC2-KT in each blot. Panel E is a summary of all westerns (not all westerns are shown) with each antibody. For Westerns with NBP1-31239 & sc-48524, values are the mean ± SEM from 3 separate blots using different WCE. Image collected & cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23273253), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/nls4271_rabbit-gper-gpr30-pab-bsa-free-31020241613630.jpg)
![Western Blot: PSGL-1/CD162 Antibody (HECA-452) [NB100-78039] - Cutaneous Lymphocyte Antigen (CLA) Antibody (HECA-452) [NB100-78039] - Analysis of human tonsil (1), human spleen (2), and human lymph node (3) tissue using CD162 antibody at a concentration of 2 ug/ml.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/Cutaneous-Lymphocyte-Antigen-CLA-Antibody-HECA-452-Western-Blot-NB100-78039-img0006.jpg "Western Blot: PSGL-1/CD162 Antibody (HECA-452) [NB100-78039] - Cutaneous Lymphocyte Antigen (CLA) Antibody (HECA-452) [NB100-78039] - Analysis of human tonsil (1), human spleen (2), and human lymph node (3) tissue using CD162 antibody at a concentration of 2 ug/ml.")
![Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: PSGL-1/CD162 Antibody (HECA-452) [NB100-78039] - Human tonsil tissue stained with PSGL-1/CD162 Antibody (HECA-452) at 5ug/mL, and Leica Refine DAB kit. IHC-P image submitted by a verified customer review.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/PSGL-1-CD162-Antibody-HECA-452-Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin-NB100-78039-img0014.jpg)
![Flow (Cell Surface): PSGL-1/CD162 Antibody (HECA-452) [NB100-78039] - Cutaneous Lymphocyte Antigen (CLA) Antibody (HECA-452) [NB100-78039] - A cell surface stain was performed on CD3+ hPBMCs with Cutaneous Lymphocyte Antigen (CLA) antibody (HECA-452) NB100-78039 and a matched isotype control NBP2-31379. Cells were incubated in an antibody dilution of 1 ug/mL for 20 minutes at room temperature, followed by mouse F(ab)2 IgG (H+L) APC-conjugated secondary antibody [F0101B, R&D Systems]. A co-stain was performed using CD3 antibody NBP2-25186APC.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/Cutaneous-Lymphocyte-Antigen-CLA-Antibody-HECA-452-Flow-Cell-Surface-NB100-78039-img0008.jpg)
![Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: PSGL-1/CD162 Antibody (HECA-452) [NB100-78039] - Cutaneous Lymphocyte Antigen (CLA) Antibody (HECA-452) [NB100-78039] - IHC analysis of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue section of human breast adenocarcinoma using CLA antibody (clone HECA-452) at 5 ug/ml concentration. The antibody generated a membrane-cytoplasmic staining in the cancerous cells of breast adenocarcinoma. Note:- Besides lymphocytes, CLA has been shown to be present on cells of normal endometrium as well as breast cancer tissues (PMID 19625313 and 22970241).](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/Cutaneous-Lymphocyte-Antigen-CLA-Antibody-HECA-452-Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin-NB100-78039-img0004.jpg)
![Flow Cytometry: PSGL-1/CD162 Antibody (HECA-452) [NB100-78039] - Cutaneous Lymphocyte Antigen (CLA) Antibody (HECA-452) [NB100-78039] - Human peripheral blood lymphocytes stained with purified HECA-452, followed by anti-mouse IgG FITC](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/Cutaneous-Lymphocyte-Antigen-CLA-Antibody-HECA-452-Flow-Cytometry-NB100-78039-img0005.jpg)
![Flow (Cell Surface): PSGL-1/CD162 Antibody (HECA-452) [NB100-78039] - Cutaneous Lymphocyte Antigen (CLA) Antibody (HECA-452) [NB100-78039] - A cell surface stain was performed on CD14+ hPBMCs with Cutaneous Lymphocyte Antigen (CLA) antibody (HECA-452) NB100-78039 and a matched isotype control NBP2-31379. Cells were incubated in an antibody dilution of 1 ug/mL for 20 minutes at room temperature, followed by rat-Dylight 488 conjugated secondary antibody. A co-stain was performed using CD14 antibody NB100-77758AF488.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/Cutaneous-Lymphocyte-Antigen-CLA-Antibody-HECA-452-Flow-Cell-Surface-NB100-78039-img0007.jpg)
![Western Blot: GSK-3 beta Antibody (3D10) [NBP1-47470] - Analysis of GSK-3 beta in mouse beta cell line (betaTC3) using anti-GSK-3 beta antibody. Image from verified customer review.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/GSK-3-beta-Antibody-3D10-Western-Blot-NBP1-47470-img0012.jpg "Western Blot: GSK-3 beta Antibody (3D10) [NBP1-47470] - Analysis of GSK-3 beta in mouse beta cell line (betaTC3) using anti-GSK-3 beta antibody. Image from verified customer review.")
![Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence: GSK-3 beta Antibody (3D10) [NBP1-47470] - Analysis of NIH/3T3 (left) and U251 (right) cells using GSK3 beta mouse mAb (green). Blue: DRAQ5 fluorescent DNA dye. Red: Actin filaments have been labeled with Alexa Fluor-555 phalloidin.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/GSK-3-beta-Antibody-3D10-Immunocytochemistry-Immunofluorescence-NBP1-47470-img0006.jpg)
![Immunohistochemistry: GSK-3 beta Antibody (3D10) [NBP1-47470] - Fap1-inhibition with SLV peptide increases phosphorylation of Fap1-substrates Fas and GSK-3 beta in a murine xenograft model. SW620 cells injected into flanks of athymic Nude mice & tumor volume was checked biweekly. Mice treated weekly with oxaliplatin (days 0, 7 and 14) & injected daily with Fap1 blocking SLV peptide, VLS control peptide, or treated with SLV or VLS peptide alone (n=12). Tumors were simultaneously harvested when control tumors were >2,000 mm3. SLV peptide increases Gsk3-phosphorylation with/without oxaliplatin. IF detection of total versus phospho- GSK-3 beta performed with DAPI staining of nuclei (areas without gland formation were selected). Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//www.oncotarget.com/lookup/doi/10.18632/oncotarget.25401), licensed under a CC-BY license.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/GSK-3-beta-Antibody-3D10-Immunohistochemistry-NBP1-47470-img0014.jpg)
![Flow Cytometry: GSK-3 beta Antibody (3D10) [NBP1-47470] - An intracellular stain was performed on HeLa cells with GSK-3 beta (3D10) antibody NBP1-47470PE (blue) and a matched isotype control (orange). Cells were fixed with 4% PFA and then permeablized with 0.1% saponin. Cells were incubated in an antibody dilution of 2.5 ug/mL for 30 minutes at room temperature. Both antibodies were conjugated to Phycoerythrin.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/GSK-3-beta-Antibody-3D10-Flow-Cytometry-NBP1-47470-img0013.jpg)
![Western Blot: GSK-3 beta Antibody (3D10) [NBP1-47470] - Analysis using GSK3 beta mouse mAb against A549 (1), K562 (2), PC-12 (3), NIH/3T3 (4), and HEK293 (5) cell lysates.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/GSK-3-beta-Antibody-3D10-Western-Blot-NBP1-47470-img0008.jpg)
![Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: GSK-3 beta Antibody (3D10) [NBP1-47470] - Analysis of paraffin-embedded human lung cancer (left) and breast cancer tissues (right) using GSK3 beta mouse mAb with DAB staining.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/GSK-3-beta-Antibody-3D10-Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin-NBP1-47470-img0007.jpg)
![Flow Cytometry: GSK-3 beta Antibody (3D10) [NBP1-47470] - Flow cytometric analysis of Hela cells using GSK3 beta mouse mAb (green) and negative control (purple).](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/GSK-3-beta-Antibody-3D10-Flow-Cytometry-NBP1-47470-img0005.jpg)
![Simple Western: GSK-3 beta Antibody (3D10) [NBP1-47470] - Simple Western lane view shows a specific band for GSK-3 Beta in 0.5 mg/ml of Hek293 lysate. This experiment was performed under reducing conditions using the 12-230 kDa separation system.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/GSK-3-beta-Antibody-3D10-Simple-Western-NBP1-47470-img0009.jpg)
![Simple Western: GSK-3 beta Antibody (3D10) [NBP1-47470] - Simple western analysis of mouse brain tissue (striatum) from 4 month old Tg4150 and wildtype mice. Image courtesy of Dr. Brandi Wasek-Patterson at Baylor Research Institute, Institute of Metabolic Disease.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/GSK-3-beta-Antibody-3D10-Simple-Western-NBP1-47470-img0010.jpg)
![Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence: GSK-3 beta Antibody (3D10) - BSA Free [NBP1-47470] - Fap1-inhibition with SLV peptide increases Fas & Gsk3 beta phosphorylation in CD133+ cells in a murine xenograft modelSW620 cells were injected in the flanks of athymic Nude mice & tumor volume was determination biweekly. Mice were treated weekly with oxaliplatin (days 0, 7 & 14) & injected daily with Fap1 blocking SLV peptide or VLS control peptide, or treated with SLV or VLS peptide alone (n=12 per cohort). Tumors were simultaneously harvested from cohorts of mice when control tumors were >2,000 mm3. (A) SLV peptide increases Fas phosphorylation in CD133+ xenograft tumors with or without oxaliplatin. Immunofluorescent detection of phospho-Fas or CD133 was performed with DAPI staining of nuclei. (B) SLV peptide increases Gsk3 beta phosphorylation in CD133+ xenograft tumors with or without oxaliplatin. Immunofluorescent detection of phospho-Gsk3 beta or CD133 was performed with DAPI staining of nuclei. Image collected & cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29899829), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/nbp1-47470_mouse-monoclonal-gsk-3-beta-antibody-3d10-310202416171462.jpg)
![Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence: GSK-3 beta Antibody (3D10) - BSA Free [NBP1-47470] - Fap1-inhibition with SLV peptide increases phosphorylation of Fap1-substrates Fas & Gsk3 beta in a murine xenograft modelSW620 cells were injected in the flanks of athymic Nude mice & tumor volume was determination biweekly. Mice were treated weekly with oxaliplatin (days 0, 7 & 14) & injected daily with Fap1 blocking SLV peptide or VLS control peptide, or treated with SLV or VLS peptide alone (n=12 per cohort). Tumors were simultaneously harvested from cohorts of mice when control tumors were >2,000 mm3. (A) SLV peptide increases gland formation in xenograft tumors with or without oxaliplatin. Histology was analyzed by hematoxylin/ eosin staining. Fap1 expression was determined by immunofluorescence. Relative fluorescent intensity (RFI) of Fap1 staining is indicated below relevant panels. (B) SLV peptide increases Fas-phosphorylation in xenograft tumors with or without by oxaliplatin. Immunofluorescent detection of total versus phospho-Fas was performed with DAPI staining of nuclei. Areas without gland formation were selected for this study. (C) SLV peptide increases Gsk3 beta -phosphorylation with or without oxaliplatin. Immunofluorescent detection of total versus phospho- Gsk3 beta was performed with DAPI staining of nuclei. Areas without gland formation were selected for this study. Image collected & cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29899829), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/nbp1-47470_mouse-monoclonal-gsk-3-beta-antibody-3d10-3102024161604.jpg)
![Western Blot: RNA Polymerase II/POLR2A Antibody (4H8) [NB200-598] - Whole cell protein from HeLa (lane 1), MCF7 (lane 2), NIH-3T3 (lane 3) and Cos7 (lane 4) were separated by SDS-PAGE on a 6% gel, transferred to PVDF and probed with 2 ug/mL NB200-598. RNA Pol II reactivity (arrowhead) is observed in HeLa, MCF and 3T3 cells.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/RNA-Polymerase-II-POLR2A-Antibody-4H8-Western-Blot-NB200-598-img0010.jpg "Western Blot: RNA Polymerase II/POLR2A Antibody (4H8) [NB200-598] - Whole cell protein from HeLa (lane 1), MCF7 (lane 2), NIH-3T3 (lane 3) and Cos7 (lane 4) were separated by SDS-PAGE on a 6% gel, transferred to PVDF and probed with 2 ug/mL NB200-598. RNA Pol II reactivity (arrowhead) is observed in HeLa, MCF and 3T3 cells.")
![Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence: RNA Polymerase II/POLR2A Antibody (4H8) [NB200-598] - RNA Polymerase II/POLR2A antibody was tested in HeLa cells with DyLight 488 (green). Nuclei and alpha-tubulin were counterstained with DAPI (blue) and DyLight 550 (red).](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/RNA-Polymerase-II-POLR2A-Antibody-4H8-Immunocytochemistry-Immunofluorescence-NB200-598-img0011.jpg)
![Flow Cytometry: RNA Polymerase II/POLR2A Antibody (4H8) [NB200-598] - An intracellular stain was performed on HeLa cells with RNA Polymerase II/POLR2A (4H8) antibody NB200-598PE (blue) and a matched isotype control (orange). Cells were fixed with 4% PFA and then permeablized with 0.1% saponin. Cells were incubated in an antibody dilution of 2.5 ug/mL for 30 minutes. Both antibodies were conjugated to phycoerythrin.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/RNA-Polymerase-II-POLR2A-Antibody-4H8-Flow-Cytometry-NB200-598-img0013.jpg)
![Western Blot: RNA Polymerase II/POLR2A Antibody (4H8) [NB200-598] - Analysis of MCF7 cell lysata (A) using RNA polymerase II antibody at 2 ug/mL.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/RNA-Polymerase-II-POLR2A-Antibody-4H8-Western-Blot-NB200-598-img0009.jpg)
![Flow (Intracellular): RNA Polymerase II/POLR2A Antibody (4H8) [NB200-598] - An intracellular stain was performed on Daudi cells with RNA Polymerase II/POLR2A (4H8) antibody NB200-598 (blue) and a matched isotype control NBP2-27287 (orange). Cells were fixed with 4% PFA and then permeablized with 0.1% saponin. Cells were incubated in an antibody dilution of 1 ug/mL for 30 minutes, followed by mouse F(ab)2 IgG (H+L) APC-conjugated secondary antibody (F0101B, R&D Systems).](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/RNA-Polymerase-II-POLR2A-Antibody-4H8-Flow-Intracellular-NB200-598-img0012.jpg)
![Western Blot: PABP Antibody (10E10) [NB120-6125] - Analysis of PABP expression in 1) A-431, 2) HeLa and 3) NIH-3T3 whole cell lysates.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/PABP-Antibody-10E10-Western-Blot-NB120-6125-img0003.jpg "Western Blot: PABP Antibody (10E10) [NB120-6125] - Analysis of PABP expression in 1) A-431, 2) HeLa and 3) NIH-3T3 whole cell lysates.")
![Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence: PABP Antibody (10E10) [NB120-6125] - PABP antibody was tested in HeLa cells at a 1:50 dilution using a Dylight 488 conjugated secondary antibody (Green). Actin (Red) and DNA (Blue) were counterstained using Phalloidin 568 and DAPI.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/PABP-Antibody-10E10-Immunocytochemistry-Immunofluorescence-NB120-6125-img0005.jpg)
![Flow Cytometry: PABP Antibody (10E10) [NB120-6125] - An intracellular stain was performed on A431 cells with PABP [10E10] Antibody NB120-6125AF647 (blue) and a matched isotype control (orange). Cells were fixed with 4% PFA and then permeabilized with 0.1% saponin. Cells were incubated in an antibody dilution of 2.5 ug/mL for 30 minutes at room temperature. Both antibodies were conjugated to Alexa Fluor 647.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/PABP-Antibody-10E10-Flow-Cytometry-NB120-6125-img0006.jpg)
![Western Blot: PABP Antibody (10E10) [NB120-6125] - Cell line lysates were separated on SDS-PAGE and probed with 1 ug/mL Monoclonal Anti-PABP Clone: 10E10. The antibody was developed using Goat Anti-Mouse IgG-Peroxidase and a chemiluminescent substrate. (1) HEK293T, (2) HeLa, (3) G361 and (4) COS-7.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/PABP-Antibody-10E10-Western-Blot-NB120-6125-img0002.jpg)
![Western Blot: HMGB1/HMG-1 Antibody (2F6) [H00003146-M08] - HMGB1/HMG-1 expression became up-regulated in thyroid cancer and was associated with clinicopathologic features. Immunohistochemical staining of HMGB1/HMG-1 was performed for different tissues. TC, thyroid cancer; TA, thyroid adenoma; SG, simple goiter; N, normal thyroid; PTC, papillary thyroid carcinoma; FTC, follicular thyroid carcinoma. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (www.jeccr.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13046-019-1328-3) licensed under a CC-BY license.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/HMGB1-HMG-1-Antibody-2F6-Western-Blot-H00003146-M08-img0017.jpg "Western Blot: HMGB1/HMG-1 Antibody (2F6) [H00003146-M08] - HMGB1/HMG-1 expression became up-regulated in thyroid cancer and was associated with clinicopathologic features. Immunohistochemical staining of HMGB1/HMG-1 was performed for different tissues. TC, thyroid cancer; TA, thyroid adenoma; SG, simple goiter; N, normal thyroid; PTC, papillary thyroid carcinoma; FTC, follicular thyroid carcinoma. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (www.jeccr.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13046-019-1328-3) licensed under a CC-BY license.")
![Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence: HMGB1/HMG-1 Antibody (2F6) [H00003146-M08] - Analysis of monoclonal antibody to HMGB1 on HeLa cell. Antibody concentration 10 ug/ml](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/HMGB1-HMG-1-Antibody-2F6-Immunocytochemistry-Immunofluorescence-H00003146-M08-img0012.jpg)
![Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: HMGB1/HMG-1 Antibody (2F6) [H00003146-M08] - Analysis of monoclonal antibody to HMGB1 on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded human placenta. Antibody concentration 3 ug/ml](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/HMGB1-HMG-1-Antibody-2F6-Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin-H00003146-M08-img0014.jpg)
![Western Blot: HMGB1/HMG-1 Antibody (2F6) [H00003146-M08] - Analysis of HMGB1 expression in Hela S3 NE (Cat # L013V3).](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/HMGB1-HMG-1-Antibody-2F6-Western-Blot-H00003146-M08-img0015.jpg)
![Western Blot: HMGB1/HMG-1 Antibody (2F6) [H00003146-M08] - Analysis of HMGB1 expression in transfected 293T cell line by HMGB1 monoclonal antibody (M08), clone 2F6. Lane 1: HMGB1 transfected lysatE (25 KDa). Lane 2: Non-transfected lysate.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/HMGB1-HMG-1-Antibody-2F6-Western-Blot-H00003146-M08-img0016.jpg)
![ELISA: HMGB1/HMG-1 Antibody (2F6) [H00003146-M08] - Detection limit for recombinant GST tagged HMGB1 is approximately 0.3ng/ml as a capture antibody.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/HMGB1-HMG-1-Antibody-2F6-ELISA-H00003146-M08-img0006.jpg)
![<b>Genetic Strategies Validation. </b>Western Blot: HMGB1/HMG-1 Antibody (2F6) [H00003146-M08] - HMGB1/HMG-1 regulated autophagy in thyroid cancer cells. FTC-133/TPC-1 cells were transfected with HMGB1/HMG-1 shRNA and control shRNA and then starved by HBSS for 2 h. And LC3-I/II (NB600-1384) level was assayed by Western blot. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (www.jeccr.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13046-019-1328-3) licensed under a CC-BY license.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/HMGB1-HMG-1-Antibody-2F6-Knockdown-Validated-H00003146-M08-img0018.jpg)
![Immunohistochemistry: HMGB1/HMG-1 Antibody (2F6) [H00003146-M08] - HMGB1 regulated autophagy in thyroid cancer cells (a) FTC-133/TPC-1 cells were transfected with HMGB1 shRNA & control shRNA & then starved by HBSS for 2 h. & LC3-I/II level was assayed by Western blot; (b) FTC-133/TPC-1 cells were transfected with HMGB1 shRNA & control shRNA & then pre-treated for 1 h with pepstatin A (PA, 10 μM) & E64D (10 μM) as indicated. Cells were subsequently treated for 3 h with HBSS in continuous presence or absence PA/E64D inhibitors. LC3-I/II, Beclin1 & p62 levels were assayed by Western blot; (c) Ultrastructural features in FTC-133/TPC-1 cells transfected with HMGB1 shRNA & control shRNA after a 3-h treatment of HBSS. More autophagosomes were seen in control shRNA plus HBSS-treated cells than in cells treated with HMGB1 shRNA plus HBSS. Arrows indicated autophagosomes Image collected & cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31331356), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/h00003146-m08_mouse-monoclonal-hmgb1-hmg-1-antibody-2f6-31020241548361.jpg)
![Western Blot: NBR1 Antibody (6B11) [H00004077-M01] - Western Blot analysis of NBR1 expression in PC-12](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/NBR1-Antibody-6B11-Western-Blot-H00004077-M01-img0001.jpg "Western Blot: NBR1 Antibody (6B11) [H00004077-M01] - Western Blot analysis of NBR1 expression in PC-12")
![Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence: NBR1 Antibody (6B11) [H00004077-M01] - Top panel: HeLa cells stably expressing EGFP-Parkin were treated with 10 uM G-TPP and fixed 8 h after treatment. Cells were stained with antibodies against the autophagy adapter protein NBR1 (red), mitochondria were counterstained with TOM20 antibodies (cyan), nuclei with Hoechst (blue). EGFP-Parkin epifluorescence is shown in green. Scale bar corresponds to 10 uM. Bottom panel: Human fibroblasts were treated with 15 uM G-TPP for 16 h and fixed and stained with antibodies against the autophagy adapter NBR (green), mitochondria were stained with antibodies against TOM20 (red), nuclei were visualized with Hoechst (blue). Scale bars indicate 10 uM. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//www.oncotarget.com/lookup/doi/10.18632/oncotarget.22287) licensed under a CC-BY license.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/NBR1-Antibody-6B11-Immunocytochemistry-Immunofluorescence-H00004077-M01-img0007.jpg)
![ELISA: NBR1 Antibody (6B11) [H00004077-M01] - Detection limit for recombinant GST tagged NBR1 is approximately 0.1 ng/mL as a capture antibody.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/NBR1-Antibody-6B11-ELISA-H00004077-M01-img0004.jpg)
![Simple Western: NBR1 Antibody (6B11) [H00004077-M01] - This antibody (1:25 dilution) was used to probe THP-1 macrophage lysate (concentrations shown) by Simple Western. Results from two hybridoma clones are shown. Simple Western image submitted by a verified customer review.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/NBR1-Antibody-6B11-Simple-Western-H00004077-M01-img0005.jpg)
![Western Blot: NBR1 Antibody (6B11) [H00004077-M01] - G-TPP activity is conserved in primary fibroblasts(A, C) Fibroblasts were treated with 15 µM G-TPP for the indicated time points. Cells were harvested & western blots were probed with antibodies against (A) PINK1, pS65-Ub & total Ub or (C) autophagy adapter proteins. GAPDH & Vinculin served as loading control. G-TPP treatment led to PINK1 stabilization & pS65-Ub induction in primary skin fibroblasts. p62 levels were induced upon G-TPP treatment, while other adapters seemed decreased. (B, D) Human fibroblasts were treated with 15 µM G-TPP for 16 h & fixed & stained with antibodies against (B) pS65-Ub (green) or (D) the autophagy adapters NBR1, NDP52, p62, OPTN & TAX1BP1 (green). Mitochondria were stained with antibodies against TOM20 (red), nuclei were visualized with Hoechst (blue). Scale bars indicate 10 µM. A magnified image of the boxed region, the fluorescence profile along the arrow & the Pearson’s correlation coefficient of adapter protein & mitochondrial stainingare shown to the right. Shown is the mean ± SEM of at least five randomly selected images (unpaired, two-sided t-test, ***p < 0.0005). Image collected & cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//www.oncotarget.com/lookup/doi/10.18632/oncotarget.22287), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/h00004077-m01_mouse-monoclonal-nbr1-antibody-6b11-310202415485138.jpg)
![Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence: NBR1 Antibody (6B11) [H00004077-M01] - G-TPP leads to recruitment of autophagy adapters & degradation of mitochondria(A) HeLa cells stably expressing untagged Parkin were treated with 10 µM G-TPP for 8 h. Western blots were prepared from cell lysates & probed with antibodies against LC3, phospho-TBK1 (Ser172) & TBK1. GAPDH was used as a loading control. Upon 8 h the levels of LC3-I & LC3-II were both increased. At 8 h after treatment with G-TPP but not at 4 or 24 h, TBK1 was phosphorylated. (B) HeLa cells stably expressing EGFP-Parkin were treated with 10 µM G-TPP & fixed 8 h after treatment. Cells were stained with antibodies against the autophagy adapter proteins NBR1, NDP52, OPTN, p62, & TAX1BP1 (red). Mitochondria were counterstained with TOM20 antibodies (cyan), nuclei with Hoechst (blue). EGFP-Parkin epifluorescence is shown in green. Scale bar corresponds to 10 µM. (C) HeLa cells stably expressing EGFP-Parkin & the reporter protein mitoKeima were treated with 10 µM CCCP or G-TPP & imaged over time. The ratio of ‘neutral’ mitoKeima to ‘acidic’ mitoKeima was calculated as readout for mitophagy. Parkin translocation was monitored at the same time. Values for Parkin translocation & mitophagy were normalized to 12 h treatment with 10 µM CCCP as positive control & DMSO as negative control (two-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post-hoc test, **p < 0.005, ***p < 0.0005). Image collected & cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//www.oncotarget.com/lookup/doi/10.18632/oncotarget.22287), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/h00004077-m01_mouse-monoclonal-nbr1-antibody-6b11-310202415482269.jpg)
![Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence: NBR1 Antibody (6B11) [H00004077-M01] - G-TPP activity is conserved in primary fibroblasts(A, C) Fibroblasts were treated with 15 µM G-TPP for the indicated time points. Cells were harvested & western blots were probed with antibodies against (A) PINK1, pS65-Ub & total Ub or (C) autophagy adapter proteins. GAPDH & Vinculin served as loading control. G-TPP treatment led to PINK1 stabilization & pS65-Ub induction in primary skin fibroblasts. p62 levels were induced upon G-TPP treatment, while other adapters seemed decreased. (B, D) Human fibroblasts were treated with 15 µM G-TPP for 16 h & fixed & stained with antibodies against (B) pS65-Ub (green) or (D) the autophagy adapters NBR1, NDP52, p62, OPTN & TAX1BP1 (green). Mitochondria were stained with antibodies against TOM20 (red), nuclei were visualized with Hoechst (blue). Scale bars indicate 10 µM. A magnified image of the boxed region, the fluorescence profile along the arrow & the Pearson’s correlation coefficient of adapter protein & mitochondrial stainingare shown to the right. Shown is the mean ± SEM of at least five randomly selected images (unpaired, two-sided t-test, ***p < 0.0005). Image collected & cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//www.oncotarget.com/lookup/doi/10.18632/oncotarget.22287), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.](http://images.novusbio.com/fullsize/h00004077-m01_mouse-monoclonal-nbr1-antibody-6b11-310202415482210.jpg)