Human Granzyme B DuoSet ELISA, 5 Plate

• Reactivity: Hu
• Applications: ELISA
• Conjugate: Biotin

Human Granzyme B DuoSet ELISA, 5 Plate Summary

• Source: N/A
• Assay Type: Solid Phase Sandwich ELISA
• Inter-Assay: See PDF Datasheet for details
• Intra-Assay: See PDF Datasheet for details
• Spike Recovery: See PDF Datasheet for details
• Sample Volume: See PDF Datasheet for details
• Gene: GZMB

Applications/Dilutions

• Dilutions:
  • ELISA
• Application Notes: No significant interference observed with available related molecules.

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Store the unopened product at 2 - 8 °C. Do not use past expiration date.

Notes

This product is produced by and ships from R&D Systems, Inc., a Bio-Techne brand.

Alternate Names for Human Granzyme B DuoSet ELISA, 5 Plate

• C11
• CCPI
• CGL1
• CGL-1
• CSPB
• CSP-B
• CTLA1
• CTLA-1
• CTSGL1
• Fragmentin-2
• Granzyme B
• Granzyme-2
• GranzymeB
• GRB
• GrzB
• GZMB
• HLP
• SECT

Background

Granzyme B is a member of the granzyme family of serine proteases found specifically in granules of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) and natural killer (NK) cells (1, 2). Granzyme B plays an essential role in granule-mediated apoptosis utilizing the substrates in this pathway, such as Caspase 3, Caspase 8 and Bid (3, 4). Recent research indicates expanded Granzyme B functionality to include extracellular roles along with its classical pro-apoptotic function. It has been found that Granzyme B is an important mediator of skin injury, repair and inflammation (4) through extracellular substrates including Laminin, VE-Cadherin, Fibronectin and the proteoglycans Aggrecan (3) and Decorin (4). 

As one of the five Granzymes (A, B, H, K and M) identified in the human genome, Granzyme B (32kDa) (5) is the most widely researched in terms of its biological function and its utility in health and disease (4). It is synthesized as a precursor (247 residues) with a signal peptide (residues 1-18), a pro-peptide (residues 19-20), and a mature chain (residues 21-247) (6-8). Once inside granules, Granzyme B is fully processed into the mature chain and becomes an active protease when the pro-peptide, Gly-Glu is removed from the N-terminus by cleavage with Cathepsin C (9). The protease activity of Granzyme B is tightly controlled by Serpin B9/ Protease Inhibitor 9 (9). The amino acid sequence of human Granzyme B is 71%, 69%, and 68% identical to its canine, rat, and mouse counterparts, respectively. 

Granzymes have been shown to modulate inflammation, and Granzyme B plasma levels have been found higher with atopic dermatitis and psoriasis when compared to healthy controls. This is in contrast to Granzyme A plasma levels which remain unchanged (10). Serum from patients with Crohn's disease have significantly higher Granzyme B levels than controls (11). 

Publications for Granzyme B (DY2906-05)(23)

Publications using DY2906-05

• Chen, W;Luu, N;Li, R;Fang, Y;Wang, H;Song, Y;Chen, R;Fang, X;Liao, J;Kurabayashi, K;O'Connor, R;Hodgson, L;Ghassemi, S;Chen, T;Kelly, A;Shestov, A; Piezo1-mediated mechano-energetics regulate CAR T cell function Research square 2025-10-23 [PMID: 41282104] (Human)
• Bang, HJ;Lee, KH;Park, MS;Sun, EG;Cho, SH;Chung, IJ;Shim, HJ;Bae, WK; Dynamic changes in immune cells in humanized liver metastasis and subcutaneous xenograft mouse models Scientific reports 2024-09-02 [PMID: 39223155] (Xenograft)
• Park, E;Mun, HJ;Seo, E;Hwang, S;Lee, JH;Song, S;Sung, H;Kim, HY;Kwon, MJ; CAR NK92 Cells Targeting BCMA Can Effectively Kill Multiple Myeloma Cells Both In Vitro and In Vivo Biomedicines 2024-01-22 [PMID: 38275419] (Human)
• Wu, WC;Shiu, C;Tong, TK;Leung, SO;Hui, CW; Suppression of NK Cell Activation by JAK3 Inhibition: Implication in the Treatment of Autoimmune Diseases Journal of immunology research 2023-12-08 [PMID: 38106519] (Human)
• Sugi, T;Katoh, Y;Ikeda, T;Seta, D;Iwata, T;Nishio, H;Sugawara, M;Kato, D;Katoh, K;Kawana, K;Yaguchi, T;Kawakami, Y;Hirai, S; SCD1 inhibition enhances the effector functions of CD8+ T cells via ACAT1-dependent reduction of esterified cholesterol Cancer science 2023-10-25 [PMID: 37879607] (Human)
• Mondal, T;Gaur, H;Wamba, BEN;Michalak, AG;Stout, C;Watson, MR;Aleixo, SL;Singh, A;Condello, S;Faller, R;Leiserowitz, GS;Bhatnagar, S;Tushir-Singh, J; Characterizing the regulatory Fas (CD95) epitope critical for agonist antibody targeting and CAR-T bystander function in ovarian cancer Cell death and differentiation 2023-10-14 [PMID: 37838774] (Human)
• Kobayashi, E;Kamihara, Y;Arai, M;Wada, A;Kikuchi, S;Hatano, R;Iwao, N;Susukida, T;Ozawa, T;Adachi, Y;Kishi, H;Dang, NH;Yamada, T;Hayakawa, Y;Morimoto, C;Sato, T; Development of a Novel CD26-Targeted Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy for CD26-Expressing T-Cell Malignancies Cells 2023-08-14 [PMID: 37626869] (Human)
• Berlin, F;Mogren, S;Ly, C;Ramu, S;Hvidtfeldt, M;Uller, L;Porsbjerg, C;Andersson, CK; Mast Cell Tryptase Promotes Airway Remodeling by Inducing Anti-Apoptotic and Cell Growth Properties in Human Alveolar and Bronchial Epithelial Cells Cells 2023-05-22 [PMID: 37408273] (Human)
• YS Lim, AG Lee, X Jiang, JM Scott, A Cofie, S Kumar, D Kennedy, DJ Granville, H Shin NK cell-derived extracellular granzyme B drives epithelial ulceration during HSV-2 genital infection Cell Reports, 2023-04-17;42(4):112410. 2023-04-17 [PMID: 37071533] (Human)
• D Rasoulouni, N Santana-Ma, A Gutwillig, L Farhat-You, L Tal, S Amar, M Milyavsky, SSNA Muddineni, N Solomon, H Shpilt, S Dotan, N Pilpel, C Waskow, M Feinmesser, P Rider, Y Carmi T Cells Expressing a Modified FcgammaRI Exert Antibody-Dependent Cytotoxicity and Overcome the Limitations of CAR T-cell Therapy against Solid Tumors Cancer Immunology Research, 2023-06-02;0(0):OF1-OF18. 2023-06-02 [PMID: 37070661] (Human)
• Y Wang, Y Zhao, W Guo, GS Yadav, C Bhaskarla, Z Wang, X Wang, S Li, Y Wang, Y Chen, D Pattarayan, W Xie, S Li, B Lu, US Kammula, M Zhang, D Yang Genome-wide gain-of-function screening characterized lncRNA regulators for tumor immune response Science Advances, 2022-12-07;8(49):eadd0005. 2022-12-07 [PMID: 36475797] (Human)
• J Heath, W Chour, J Choi, J Xie, M Chaffee, T Schmitt, K Finton, D Delucia, A Xu, Y Su, D Chen, R Zhang, D Yuan, S Hong, A Ng, J Butler, R Edmark, L Jones, K Murray, S Peng, G Li, R Strong, J Lee, J Goldman, P Greenberg Large libraries of single-chain trimer peptide-MHCs enable rapid antigen-specific CD8+ T cell discovery and analysis Research square, 2022-11-18;0(0):. 2022-11-18 [PMID: 36415462] (Human)
• SB An, BG Yang, G Jang, DY Kim, J Kim, SM Oh, N Oh, S Lee, JY Moon, JA Kim, JH Kim, YJ Song, HW Hyun, J Kim, K Lee, D Lee, MJ Kwak, BK Kim, YK Park, CP Hong, JH Kim, HS Lim, MS Ryu, HT Jin, SW Lee, YS Chang, HS Park, YC Sung, MH Jang Combined IgE neutralization and Bifidobacterium longum supplementation reduces the allergic response in models of food allergy Nature Communications, 2022-09-27;13(1):5669. 2022-09-27 [PMID: 36167830] (Human)
• C Vetrei, M Passariell, G Froechlich, R Rapuano Le, E Sasso, N Zambrano, C De Lorenzo Novel Combinations of Human Immunomodulatory mAbs Lacking Cardiotoxic Effects for Therapy of TNBC Cancers, 2021-12-27;14(1):. 2021-12-27 [PMID: 35008285] (Human)
• K Alishah, M Birtel, E Masoumi, L Jafarzadeh, HR Mirzaee, J Hadjati, RH Voss, M Diken, S Asad CRISPR/Cas9-mediated TGFbetaRII disruption enhances anti-tumor efficacy of human chimeric antigen receptor T cells in vitro Journal of Translational Medicine, 2021-11-27;19(1):482. 2021-11-27 [PMID: 34838059] (Human)
• R Serrano, C Coch, C Peters, G Hartmann, D Wesch, D Kabelitz Monocyte-dependent co-stimulation of cytokine induction in human gammadelta T cells by TLR8 RNA ligands Scientific Reports, 2021-07-27;11(1):15231. 2021-07-27 [PMID: 34315922] (Human)
• E Marcq, JRM Van Audena, J De Waele, C Merlin, P Pauwels, JP van Meerbe, SA Fisher, ELJ Smits The Search for an Interesting Partner to Combine with PD-L1 Blockade in Mesothelioma: Focus on TIM-3 and LAG-3 Cancers, 2021-01-14;13(2):. 2021-01-14 [PMID: 33466653] (Human)
• H Jonescheit, HH Oberg, D Gonnermann, M Hermes, V Sulaj, C Peters, D Kabelitz, D Wesch Influence of Indoleamine-2,3-Dioxygenase and Its Metabolite Kynurenine on gammadelta T Cell Cytotoxicity against Ductal Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Cells Cells, 2020-05-06;9(5):. 2020-05-06 [PMID: 32384638] (Human)
• DP Muñoz, SM Yannone, A Daemen, Y Sun, F Vakar-Lope, M Kawahara, AM Freund, F Rodier, JD Wu, PY Desprez, DH Raulet, PS Nelson, LJ van 't Vee, J Campisi, JP Coppé Targetable mechanisms driving immunoevasion of persistent senescent cells link chemotherapy-resistant cancer to aging JCI Insight, 2019-06-11;5(0):. 2019-06-11 [PMID: 31184599] (Human)
• K Otterdal, A Berg, AE Michelsen, S Patel, MG Tellevik, CG Haanshuus, B Fevang, P Aukrust, N Langeland, T Ueland Soluble markers of neutrophil, T-cell and monocyte activation are associated with disease severity and parasitemia in falciparum malaria BMC Infect. Dis., 2018-12-18;18(1):670. 2018-12-18 [PMID: 30563486] (Human)
• M Kim, S Pyo, CH Kang, CO Lee, HK Lee, SU Choi, CH Park Folate receptor 1 (FOLR1) targeted chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells for the treatment of gastric cancer PLoS ONE, 2018-06-06;13(6):e0198347. 2018-06-06 [PMID: 29874279] (Human)
• JM Yingling, WT McMillen, L Yan, H Huang, JS Sawyer, J Graff, DK Clawson, KS Britt, BD Anderson, DW Beight, D Desaiah, MM Lahn, KA Benhadji, MJ Lallena, RB Holmgaard, X Xu, F Zhang, JR Manro, PW Iversen, CV Iyer, RA Brekken, MD Kalos, KE Driscoll Preclinical assessment of galunisertib (LY2157299 monohydrate), a first-in-class transforming growth factor-? receptor type I inhibitor Oncotarget, 2017-12-31;9(6):6659-6677. 2017-12-31 [PMID: 29467918] (Human)
• JAK2 inhibitor combined with DC-activated AFP-specific T-cells enhances antitumor function in a Fas/FasL signal-independent pathway Onco Targets Ther, 2016-07-20;9(0):4425-33. 2016-07-20 [PMID: 27499636] (Human)

FAQs for Granzyme B (DY2906-05). (Showing 1 - 1 of 1 FAQs).

1. What is the difference between the Quantikine and Duoset ELISA kits?
   • Our Quantikine kits are fully optimized and validated for the sample types listed on the product specific webpage and datasheet, as this can vary between kits. Each kit is supplied ready to use with one pre-coated 96-well plate, a detection antibody directly conjugated to HRP, and all other necessary reagents. These kits are ideal for researchers who want the convenience of a ready to use and optimized ELISA product. Some of these kits are also available prepackaged in larger 6 and 50 plate sizes.Our DuoSet Kits, in contrast, are ELISA development kits containing the capture and detection antibody, the mass-value calibrated standard, and streptavidin-HRP to prepare approximately 5 or 15 plates. Ancillary reagents will need to be used/purchased, and for most kits, we will recommend one of our Ancillary Reagent Kits, which contain the reagents we use ourselves in-house. DuoSet kits are validated only for cell culture supernatant samples and therefore require further development and validation for accurate measurement in more complex samples such as serum and plasma. Our DuoSet Kits offer an economical, flexible alternative for the experienced ELISA user.

Bioinformatics

• Gene Symbol: GZMB