TOX Antibody

Western Blot: TOX Antibody [NBP2-27155] - Analysis of TOX in Jurkat lysate in the 1) absence and 2) presence of immunizing peptide probed with 2 ug/ml of TOX antibody. Goat anti-rabbit Ig HRP secondary antibody and PicoTect ECL substrate solution were used for this test.

Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: TOX Antibody [NBP2-27155] - Analysis of a FFPE tissue section of human tonsil using 1:200 dilution of TOX antibody. The staining was developed using HRP labeled anti-rabbit secondary antibody and DAB reagent, and nuclei of cells were counter-stained with hematoxylin. Nuclear staining was observed in the germinal center cells and in the surrounding epithelial cells.

Product Discontinued

TOX Antibody Summary

• Immunogen: A portion of amino acids 125-175 from human TOX was used as the immunogen for this antibody.
• Predicted Species: Monkey (94%), Primate (100%), Chimpanzee (100%). Backed by our 100% Guarantee.
• Isotype: IgG
• Clonality: Polyclonal
• Host: Rabbit
• Gene: TOX
• Purity: Protein A purified

Applications/Dilutions

• Dilutions:
  • Immunohistochemistry 1:200
  • Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin 1:200
  • Western Blot 2-5ug/ml

Reactivity Notes

The TOX amino acid sequence used as immunogen for this antibody is 100% homologous in Gorilla, 89% homologous in Bovine, Canine, and Equine, 88% in Guinea pig, and 84% in Rabbit.

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Store at 4C short term. Aliquot and store at -20C long term. Avoid freeze-thaw cycles.
• Buffer: 0.2 ml PBS and 0.05% BSA
• Preservative: 0.05% Sodium Azide
• Concentration: 0.5 mg/ml
• Purity: Protein A purified

Alternate Names for TOX Antibody

• KIAA0808
• KIAA0808TOX1
• thymocyte selection-associated high mobility group box protein TOX
• thymocyte selection-associated high mobility group box
• Thymus high mobility group box protein TOX
• TOX
• TOX1

Background

TOX, an acronym for Thymocyte selection-associated high mobility group box, is an ~57kDa protein which appears to play an important role in the signaling pathways leading to CD4+ or CD8+ single positive functionally distinct major Tcell populations (1, 2). The measurement of expression of CD4 and CD8 and their roles as TCR co-receptors have long been utilized to indentify the complex stages of Tcell maturation. As a thymocyte progresses from a CD4+CD8+ with mature TCR as a double positive (DP) population into a single positive (SP) CD4+CD8- or CD4-CD8+ population, there are a number of finer stages of differentiation that occur. The positive selection goes through a CD4loCD8lo stage (DD) or double dull stage before re-expression of CD4+CD8lo stage (2). TOX absence blocks transition from the DD stage to the CD4 lineage development of Treg cells for example (1-3). In TOX-defective cells, CD8 positive selection still occurs with functional CD8+ cells available. TOX is also associated with upregulation of Runx3. Runx3 binds the CD4 silencer element which is a stage at which DD cells transition to SP cells and TOX is also readily expressed. The silencer element plays a role in shutting off CD4 expression in thymocytes committed to the CD8 lineage (1, 2, 4). Thus, antibody to TOX provides an important tool for understanding regulation of CD4 and CD8 subsets and finer phenotyping of functional subsets (1-3). Moreover, the finding that TOX has important regulatory activities such as chromatin binding and mediating DNA structural binding conformational changes similar to other important regulatory molecules such as IkAROS (2) should be facilitated with this antibody.

Limitations

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.

Bioinformatics

• Gene Symbol: TOX