Recombinant Rat Integrin alpha V beta 6 Protein, CF

Immobilized Recombinant Rat Integrin alpha V beta 6(Catalog # 9668‑AV) at 2.0 µg/mL can bind Recombinant Human LAP (TGF‑ beta 1) (Catalog # 246‑LP) with an ED50 of 0.5‑3 ng/mL.

• Reactivity: Rt
• Applications: Bioactivity
• Format: Carrier-Free

Recombinant Rat Integrin alpha V beta 6 Protein, CF Summary

• Details of Functionality: Measured by its binding ability in a functional ELISA. When Recombinant Rat Integrin alpha V beta 6 is immobilized at 2 μg/mL (100 μL/well), the concentration of Recombinant Human LAP (TGF‑ beta 1) (Catalog # 246-LP) that produces 50% of the optimal binding response is approximately 0.5‑3 ng/mL.
• Source: Chinese Hamster Ovary cell line, CHO-derived rat Integrin alpha V beta 6 protein
  

  Rat Integrin alpha V (Phe31-Val987) Accession # XP_017456512.1	His-Pro	GGGSGGGS	Acidic Tail	HHHHHH
  Rat Integrin beta 6 (Gly22-Pro708) Accession # Q6AYF4	His-Pro	GGGSGGGS	Basic Tail
  N-terminus				C-terminus

• Accession #: XP_017456512.1 (Integrin alpha V) & Q6AYF4 (Integrin beta 6
• N-terminal Sequence: Phe31 (Integrin alpha V) & Gly22 (Integrin beta 6)
• Structure / Form: Noncovalently-linked heterodimer
• Protein/Peptide Type: Recombinant Proteins
• Gene: ITGAV
• Purity: >95%, by SDS-PAGE visualized with Silver Staining and quantitative densitometry by Coomassie® Blue Staining.
• Endotoxin Note: <0.10 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.

Applications/Dilutions

• Dilutions:
  • Bioactivity
• Theoretical MW: 115 kDa (Integrin alpha V) & 83 kDa (Integrin beta 6).
  Disclaimer note: The observed molecular weight of the protein may vary from the listed predicted molecular weight due to post translational modifications, post translation cleavages, relative charges, and other experimental factors.
• SDS-PAGE: 106-153 kDa, reducing conditions

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
• Buffer: Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in Tris, NaCl and CaCl₂.
• Purity: >95%, by SDS-PAGE visualized with Silver Staining and quantitative densitometry by Coomassie® Blue Staining.
• Reconstitution Instructions: Reconstitute at 500 μg/mL in Water.

Notes

This product is produced by and ships from R&D Systems, Inc., a Bio-Techne brand.

Alternate Names for Recombinant Rat Integrin alpha V beta 6 Protein, CF

• CD51
• Integrin alpha V beta 6
• integrin subunit alpha V
• ITGAV
• MSK8
• VNRA
• VTNR

Background

Integrin  alpha V beta 6 is one of five alpha V integrins and the sole  beta 6 integrin (1, 2). The non-covalent heterodimer of 170 kDa alpha V/CD51 and 95 kDa beta 6 integrin subunits is expressed exclusively on subsets of epithelial cells, especially during development, after injury or inflammation, or on many carcinomas (2-5). The ligand interaction site of alpha V beta 6 is in the N-terminal head region formed by an interaction of the beta 6 vWFA domain with the alpha V beta-propeller structure (2). The alpha V subunit contains domains termed thigh, calf, and calf-2 with a divalent cation-binding site found at a position equivalent to the "knee". The 958 amino acid (aa) rat alpha V ECD, which is cleaved at aa 886 but remains associated, shares 93% and 98% aa sequence identity with human and mouse  alpha V, while the 687 aa rat beta 6 ECD shares 90% and 96% aa sequence identity with human and mouse  beta 6, respectively. Each subunit has a transmembrane sequence and a short cytoplasmic tail connected to the cytoskeleton. The beta 6 C-terminal 11 aa cytoplasmic sequence transduces a signal, enhancing proliferation and inducing MMP-9 expression (6). Either "inside-out" signaling or Mg2⁺ or Mn2⁺ binding unfolds and activates the integrin (1). Active alpha V beta 6 binds matrix proteins fibronectin and tenascin C (2). It also binds the TGF-beta latency-associated peptide (LAP) and activates TGF-beta 1 or TGF-beta 3 from large latent complexes (7). This activation requires interaction with LTBP-1 and fibronectin, and is enhanced by PAR-1 (8, 9). Deletion of beta 6 ablates tonic inhibition of alveolar macrophages by TGF-beta , inhibits intestinal regulatory T cell production, and predisposes mice to inflammatory reactions in the skin, lungs, and intestines where irritations and microbial challenges are frequent (10-12). High alpha V beta 6 expression in carcinomas may contribute to progression through its effects on TGF-beta and MMP activity (3). The foot-and-mouth disease virus and several other viruses can use alpha V beta 6 as a receptor, and soluble alpha V beta 6 may block virus infectivity in vitro (13, 14).

1. Hynes, R.O. (2002) Cell 110:673.
2. Sheppard, D. (2004) Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 16:552.
3. Bandyopadhyay, A. and S. Raghavan (2009) Curr. Drug Targets 10:645.
4. Wada, J. et al. (1996) J. Cell Biol. 132:1161.
5. Arend, L.J. et al. (2000) J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 11:2297.
6. Dixit, R.B. et al. (1996) J. Biol. Chem. 271:25976.
7. Munger, J.S. et al. (1999) Cell 96:319.
8. Fontana, L. et al. (2005) FASEB J. 19:1798.
9. Jenkins, R.G. et al. (2006) J. Clin. Invest. 116:1606.
10. Huang, X.Z. et al. (1996) J. Cell Biol. 133:921.
11. Morris, D.G. et al. (2003) Nature 422:169.
12. Chen, X. et al. (2011) J. Leukoc. Biol. 90:751.
13. Berryman, S. et al. (2005) J. Virol. 79:8519.
14. Heikkila, O. et al. (2009) J. Gen. Virol. 90:197.

Bioinformatics

• Gene Symbol: ITGAV
• Uniprot:
  • XP_017456512.1 (Integrin alpha V) & Q6AYF4 (Integrin beta 6()