Recombinant Mouse GDF-15 (CHO-expressed) Protein, CF

In a functional ELISA, Recombinant Mouse GDF-15 (CHO-expressed) (Catalog # 10596-GD) binds to Recombinant Mouse GFR alpha -like Fc Chimera (9844-GR) with an ED50 of 0.500-5.00 ng/mL.

Recombinant Mouse GDF-15 (Catalog # 10596-GD) activates SRE-SEAP reporter in HEK293 human embryonic kidney cells transfected with human c-Ret and human GFRAL.

1 μg/lane of Recombinant Mouse GDF-15 (CHO-expressed) Protein (Catalog # 10596-GD) was resolved with SDS-PAGE under reducing (R) and non-reducing (NR) conditions and visualized by silver staining, showing bands at 11-13 kDa and 22-26 kDa, respectively.

• Reactivity: Mu
• Applications: Bioactivity
• Format: Carrier-Free

Recombinant Mouse GDF-15 (CHO-expressed) Protein, CF Summary

• Details of Functionality: Measured by its binding ability in a functional ELISA. Recombinant Mouse GDF-15 (CHO-expressed) (Catalog # 10596-GD) binds to Recombinant Mouse GFR alpha -like Fc Chimera (Catalog # 9844-GR) with an ED₅₀ of 0.500-5.00 ng/mL.
• Source: Chinese Hamster Ovary cell line, CHO-derived mouse GDF-15 protein
  Ser189-Ala303
• Accession #: Q9Z0J7.2
• N-terminal Sequence: Ser189
• Structure / Form: Disulfide-linked homodimer
• Protein/Peptide Type: Recombinant Proteins
• Purity: >95%, by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by silver stain.
• Endotoxin Note: <0.10 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.

Applications/Dilutions

• Dilutions:
  • Bioactivity
• Theoretical MW: 13 kDa.
  Disclaimer note: The observed molecular weight of the protein may vary from the listed predicted molecular weight due to post translational modifications, post translation cleavages, relative charges, and other experimental factors.
• SDS-PAGE: 11-13 kDa, under reducing conditions,

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
• Buffer: Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in HCl.
• Purity: >95%, by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by silver stain.
• Reconstitution Instructions: Reconstitute at 500 μg/mL in 4 mM HCl.

Notes

This product is produced by and ships from R&D Systems, Inc., a Bio-Techne brand.

Alternate Names for Recombinant Mouse GDF-15 (CHO-expressed) Protein, CF

• GDF15
• GDF-15
• growth differentiation factor 15
• growth/differentiation factor 15
• Macrophage inhibitory cytokine 1
• MIC-1
• MIC-1NSAID-activated gene 1 protein
• MIC1Prostate differentiation factor
• NAG-1
• NAG-1NSAID-regulated gene 1 protein
• NSAID (nonsteroidal inflammatory drug)-activated protein 1
• PDF
• PDFGDF-15
• PLAB
• PLABNRG-1
• Placental bone morphogenetic protein
• Placental TGF-beta
• PTGF-beta
• PTGFBPTGF-beta

Background

Growth Differentiation Factor 15 (GDF-15), also called Macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1 (MIC-1), placental transforming growth factor-beta, prostate-derived factor, and placental bone morphogenetic protein, is a divergent member of the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta ) superfamily. GDF-15 is highly expressed in placenta and is expressed at lower levels in kidney, pancreas, prostate and colon. It is also widely expressed in brain. Similarly to other TGF-beta family proteins, GDF-15 is synthesized as a large precursor protein that is cleaved at the dibasic cleavage site (RXXR) to release the carboxy-terminal domain. The carboxy-terminal domain of GDF-15 contains the characteristic seven conserved cysteine residues necessary for the formation of the cysteine knot and the single interchain disulfide bond. Furthermore, the carboxy-terminal domain contains two additional cysteine residues that form a fourth intrachain disulfide bond. Biologically active GDF-15 is a disulfide-linked homodimer of the carboxy-terminal 112 amino acid residues. Mature mouse GDF-15 shares 59.6% and 91.9% amino acid sequence similarity with human and rat GDF-15, respectively. GDF-15 has been shown to have various functions, including inhibition of production of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) from lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages, induction of cartilage formation, early‑stage endochonadal bone formation, and promotion of neuronal survival. GDF-15 is the functional ligand for the receptor GFRAL, facilitating weight-loss functions of the protein through c-Ret downstream signaling. GFRAL and GDF-15 signaling is implicated in diet-based obesity and insulin resistance (8-10).

1. Bootcov, M.R. et al. (1997) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94:11514.
2. Böttner, M. et al. (1999) Gene 237:105.
3. Fairlie, W.D. et al. (1998) J. Leukoc. Biol 65:2.
4. Fairlie, W.D. et al. (2001) J B.C 20:16911.
5. Bauskin, A.R. et al. (2000) EMBO J. 19:2212.
6. Strelau, J. et al. (2000) J. Neurosci. 20:8597.
7. Schober, A. et al. (2001) J. Comp. Neurol. 439:32.
8. Mullican, S. et al. (2017) Nat. Med 23:1150.
9. Yang, L. et al. (2017) Nat. Med 23:1158.
10. Emmerson, P. et al. (2017) Nat. Med 23:1215.

Bioinformatics

• Uniprot:
  • Q9Z0J7.2()