Recombinant Mouse BMP-9 Protein

• Reactivity: Mu
• Applications: Bioactivity

Recombinant Mouse BMP-9 Protein Summary

• Details of Functionality: Measured by its ability to induce alkaline phosphatase production by ATDC5 mouse chondrogenic cells. Nakamura, K. et al. (1999) Exp. Cell Res. 250:351. The ED₅₀ for this effect is 0.5-4 ng/mL.
• Source: Chinese Hamster Ovary cell line, CHO-derived mouse BMP-9 protein
  Ser319-Arg428
• Accession #: AAD56961
• N-terminal Sequence: Ser319
• Structure / Form: Disulfide-linked homodimer
• Protein/Peptide Type: Recombinant Proteins
• Gene: Gdf2
• Purity: >90%, by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by silver stain.
• Endotoxin Note: <0.01 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.

Applications/Dilutions

• Dilutions:
  • Bioactivity
• Theoretical MW: 12.1 kDa.
  Disclaimer note: The observed molecular weight of the protein may vary from the listed predicted molecular weight due to post translational modifications, post translation cleavages, relative charges, and other experimental factors.
• SDS-PAGE: 13 kDa, reducing conditions

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
• Buffer: Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in Acetonitrile and TFA with BSA as a carrier protein.
• Purity: >90%, by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by silver stain.
• Reconstitution Instructions: Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in 4 mM HCl containing at least 0.1% human or bovine serum albumin.

Notes

This product is produced by and ships from R&D Systems, Inc., a Bio-Techne brand.

Alternate Names for Recombinant Mouse BMP-9 Protein

• BMP9
• BMP-9
• BMP9BMP-9Bone morphogenetic protein 9
• GDF2
• GDF-2
• growth differentiation factor 2
• growth/differentiation factor 2

Background

Bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP-9), also known as growth and differentiation factor 2 (GDF-2), is a member of the BMP family of TGF-beta superfamily proteins that signal through heterodimeric complexes composed of type I and type II BMP receptors. BMP-9 regulates the development and function of a variety of embryonal and adult tissues (1, 2). Mouse BMP-9 consists of a 22 amino acid (aa) signal sequence, a 296 aa propeptide, and a 110 aa mature protein. Unlike other BMP family propeptides, the BMP-9 propeptide does not interfere with the biological activity of BMP-9, and remains associated with the mature peptide after proteolytic cleavage (3). Mouse and human BMP-9 share 96% aa sequence identity. Within the mature protein, mouse BMP-9 shares 64% aa sequence identity with mouse BMP-10 and approximately 50% aa sequence identity with other BMPs. BMP-9 is expressed by non-parenchymal cells in the liver where it promotes lipid metabolism and inhibits glucose production (4 - 6). It exerts a prolonged hypoglycemic effect which may be due to an enhancement of insulin release (6). BMP-9 interacts with the high affinity ALK-1 receptor on liver endothelial cells (3 - 5). It induces a cholinergic neuronal phenotype as well as the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into the chondrogenic lineage (7 - 11). At low concentrations, BMP-9 is a proliferative factor for hematopoietic progenitor cells, but at higher concentrations it enhances TGF-beta 1 production, and inhibits hematopoietic progenitor colony formation (12). BMP-9 also inhibits angiogenesis and the invasiveness of prostate carcinoma cells (13, 14).

1. Chen, D. et al. (2004) Growth Factors 22:233.
2. Miyazono, K. et al. (2005) Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 16:251.
3. Brown, M.A. et al. (2005) J. Biol. Chem. 280:25111.
4. Song, J.J. et al. (1995) Endocrinology 136:4293.
5. Miller, A.F. et al. (2000) J. Biol. Chem. 275:17937.
6. Chen, C. et al. (2003) Nat. Biotechnol. 21:294.
7. Lopez-Coviella, I. et al. (2000) Science 289:313.
8. Lopez-Coviella, I. et al. (2005) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 102:6984.
9. Lopez-Coviella, I. et al. (2002) J. Physiol. Paris 96:53.
10. Majumdar, M.K. et al. (2001) J. Cell. Physiol. 189:275.
11. Hills, R.L. et al. (2005) J. Orthoped. Res. 23:611.
12. Ploemacher, R.E. et al. (1999) Leukemia 13:428.
13. Ye, L. et al. (2008) Mol. Cancer Res. 6:1594.
14. David, L. et al. (2008) Circ. Res. 102:914.

Publications for BMP-9 (5566-BP)(16)

Publications using 5566-BP

• Hirose, H;Fujimasa, S;Kanemaru, S;Yoshimoto, S;Matsumoto, N;Anan, H;Matsuzaki, E; Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1-mediated odontogenic differentiation of mouse apical papilla-derived stem cells Journal of dental sciences 2024-10-01 [PMID: 39347102] (Bioassay, Mouse)
• T Ahmed, PC Flores, CC Pan, HR Ortiz, YS Lee, PR Langlais, K Mythreye, NY Lee EPDR1 is a Non-canonical Effector of Insulin-mediated Angiogenesis Regulated by an Endothelial-specific TGF-beta Receptor Complex The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2022-07-21;0(0):102297. 2022-07-21 [PMID: 35872017] (Bioassay, Mouse, Transgenic Mouse)
• T Yamamoto, Z Diao, M Murakami, F Shimokawa, T Matsui, M Funaba Factors affecting the induction of uncoupling protein 1 in C2C12 myogenic cells Cytokine, 2022-06-20;157(0):155936. 2022-06-20 [PMID: 35738051] (Bioassay, Mouse)
• DL Marvin, L You, L Bornes, M van Dinthe, N Peters, H Dang, SK Hakuno, M Hornsveld, O Kranenburg, J van Rheene, JHT Rohling, MP Chien, P Ten Dijke, L Ritsma Dynamic Visualization of TGF-beta/SMAD3 Transcriptional Responses in Single Living Cells Cancers, 2022-05-19;14(10):. 2022-05-19 [PMID: 35626109] (Bioassay, Mouse)
• John B. Lees-Shepard, Sean J. Stoessel, Julian T. Chandler, Keith Bouchard, Patricia Bento, Lorraine N. Apuzzo et al. An anti-ACVR1 antibody exacerbates heterotopic ossification by fibro-adipogenic progenitors in fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva mice Journal of Clinical Investigation 2022-06-15 [PMID: 35503416] (Bioassay, Mouse)
• M Chiara Per, N Bellitto, ERS Maylem, F Caloni, LJ Spicer Effects of selected hormones and their combination on progesterone and estradiol production and proliferation of feline granulosa cells cultured in�vitro Theriogenology, 2021-03-28;168(0):1-12. 2021-03-28 [PMID: 33826978] (Bioassay, Feline)
• B Tao, JR Kraehling, S Ghaffari, CM Ramirez, S Lee, JW Fowler, WL Lee, C Fernandez-, A Eichmann, WC Sessa BMP-9 and LDL crosstalk regulates ALK-1 endocytosis and LDL transcytosis in endothelial cells J Biol Chem, 2020-10-23;0(0):. 2020-10-23 [PMID: 33097593] (Bioassay, Mouse)
• S Gadomski, SK Singh, S Singh, T Sarkar, KD Klarmann, M Berenschot, S Seaman, B Jakubison, KO Gudmundsso, S Lockett, JR Keller Id1 and Id3 Maintain Steady-State Hematopoiesis by Promoting Sinusoidal Endothelial Cell Survival and Regeneration Cell Rep, 2020-04-28;31(4):107572. 2020-04-28 [PMID: 32348770] (Bioassay, Mouse)
• H Gaitantzi, J Karch, L Germann, C Cai, V Rausch, E Birgin, N Rahbari, T Seitz, C Hellerbran, C König, HG Augustin, C Mogler, C de la Torr, N Gretz, T Itzel, A Teufel, MPA Ebert, K Breitkopf- BMP-9 Modulates the Hepatic Responses to LPS Cells, 2020-03-04;9(3):. 2020-03-04 [PMID: 32143367] (In Vivo, Mouse)
• YH Kim, SW Choe, MY Chae, S Hong, SP Oh SMAD4 Deficiency Leads to Development of Arteriovenous Malformations in Neonatal and Adult Mice J Am Heart Assoc, 2018-11-06;7(21):e009514. 2018-11-06 [PMID: 30571376] (Bioassay, Mouse)
• M Ouarné, C Bouvard, G Boneva, C Mallet, J Ribeiro, A Desroches-, E Soleilhac, E Tillet, O Peyruchaud, S Bailly BMP9, but not BMP10, acts as a quiescence factor on tumor growth, vessel normalization and metastasis in a mouse model of breast cancer J. Exp. Clin. Cancer Res., 2018-08-30;37(1):209. 2018-08-30 [PMID: 30165893] (Bioassay, Mouse)
• A mouse model of hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia generated by transmammary-delivered immunoblocking of BMP9 and BMP10 Sci Rep, 2016-11-22;5(0):37366. 2016-11-22 [PMID: 27874028] (ELISA (Capture), Mouse)
• Alaa El Din F, Patri S, Thoreau V, Rodriguez-Ballesteros M, Hamade E, Bailly S, Gilbert-Dussardier B, Abou Merhi R, Kitzis A Functional and splicing defect analysis of 23 ACVRL1 mutations in a cohort of patients affected by Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia. PLoS ONE, 2015-07-15;10(7):e0132111. 2015-07-15 [PMID: 26176610] (Bioassay, Mouse)
• Azuma K, Shiba S, Hasegawa T, Ikeda K, Urano T, Horie-Inoue K, Ouchi Y, Amizuka N, Inoue S Osteoblast-Specific gamma-Glutamyl Carboxylase-Deficient Mice Display Enhanced Bone Formation With Aberrant Mineralization. J Bone Miner Res, 2015-07-01;30(7):1245-54. 2015-07-01 [PMID: 25600070] (Bioassay, Mouse)
• Zhu D, Mackenzie N, Shanahan C, Shroff R, Farquharson C, MacRae V BMP-9 regulates the osteoblastic differentiation and calcification of vascular smooth muscle cells through an ALK1 mediated pathway. J Cell Mol Med, 2014-10-09;19(1):165-74. 2014-10-09 [PMID: 25297851] (Bioassay, Mouse)
• Chen , Jiekai, Liu , He, Liu , Jing, Qi , Jing, Wei , Bei, Yang , Jiaqi, Liang , Hanquan, Chen , You, Chen , Jing, Wu , Yaran, Guo , Lin, Zhu , Jieying, Zhao , Xiangjie, Peng , Tianran, Zhang , Yixin, Chen , Shen, Li , Xuejia, Li , Dongwei, Wang , Tao, Pei , Duanqing H3K9 methylation is a barrier during somatic cell reprogramming into iPSCs. Nat Genet, 2012-12-02;45(1):34-42. 2012-12-02 [PMID: 23202127] (Bioassay, Mouse)

Bioinformatics

• Gene Symbol: Gdf2
• Uniprot:
  • AAD56961()