Recombinant Human TRAIL/TNFSF10 (E. coli-expressed) Protein

• Reactivity: Hu
• Applications: Bioactivity

Recombinant Human TRAIL/TNFSF10 (E. coli-expressed) Protein Summary

• Details of Functionality: Measured in a cytotoxicity assay using L‑929 mouse fibroblast cells in the presence of the metabolic inhibitor actinomycin D. Matthews, N. and M.L. Neale (1987) in Lymphokines and Interferons, A Practical Approach. Clemens, M.J. et al. (eds): IRL Press. 221. The ED₅₀ for this effect is 0.5‑6 ng/mL.
  Note: This is one of multiple forms available for this protein. Check R&D Systems' website, www.RnDSystems.com, for a complete listing of the variants.
• Source: E. coli-derived human TRAIL/TNFSF10 protein
  Val114-Gly281, with and without an N-terminal Met
• Accession #: Q6IBA9
• N-terminal Sequence: Val114
• Structure / Form: Homotrimer
• Protein/Peptide Type: Recombinant Proteins
• Gene: TNFSF10
• Purity: >97%, by SDS-PAGE visualized with Silver Staining and quantitative densitometry by Coomassie® Blue Staining.
• Endotoxin Note: <0.10 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.

Applications/Dilutions

• Dilutions:
  • Bioactivity
• Theoretical MW: 19 kDa (monomer).
  Disclaimer note: The observed molecular weight of the protein may vary from the listed predicted molecular weight due to post translational modifications, post translation cleavages, relative charges, and other experimental factors.

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 2 weeks, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 1 month, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
• Buffer: Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in Tris, (NH₄)₂SO₄ and ZnSO₄ with BSA as a carrier protein.
• Purity: >97%, by SDS-PAGE visualized with Silver Staining and quantitative densitometry by Coomassie® Blue Staining.
• Reconstitution Instructions: Reconstitute at 20 μg/mL in sterile PBS containing at least 0.1% human or bovine serum albumin.

Notes

This product is produced by and ships from R&D Systems, Inc., a Bio-Techne brand.

Alternate Names for Recombinant Human TRAIL/TNFSF10 (E. coli-expressed) Protein

• Apo-2 ligand
• APO2L
• Apo-2Ltumor necrosis factor (ligand) family, member 10
• APO2Ltumor necrosis factor apoptosis-inducing ligand splice variant delta
• CD253 antigen
• CD253
• Protein TRAIL
• TL2
• TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand
• TNFSF10
• TRAIL
• TRAILTNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand TRAIL
• tumor necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily, member 10
• tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 10

Background

TRAIL (TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand), also known as APO-2 ligand and TNFSF10, is a type II transmembrane protein with a carboxy-terminal extracellular domain which exhibits homology to other TNF family members. In the TNF superfamily nomenclature, TRAIL is referred to as TNFSF10. Human TRAIL cDNA encodes a 281 amino acid (aa) residue protein with an amino-terminal intracellular domain of 17 residues and a predicted internal hydrophobic domain between residues 18 and 38. The extracellular carboxy-terminal domain contains a potential N-linked glycosylation site at amino acid residue 109. Among TNF family members, TRAIL is the most homologous to Fas ligand, sharing 28% aa sequence identity in their extracellular domains. Mouse TRAIL has also been cloned. The human TRAIL shares 65% aa sequence identity with mouse TRAIL and is active on mouse cells. Both membrane bound and soluble TRAIL have been shown to induce rapid apoptosis of many transformed cell lines. Like most TNF family members, the bioactive TRAIL exists as a homotrimer. TRAIL transcripts have been shown to be constitutively expressed in a variety of human tissues. A family of TRAIL receptors, including two receptors that transduce the apoptotic signals and two TRAIL decoy receptors that function to antagonize TRAIL-induced apoptosis, have been identified (1 - 3). Osteoprotegerin has been identified as a fifth TRAIL receptor (4). It was shown that homotrimeric TRAIL binds a zinc ion which is critical for the correct structure of the protein (5 - 6).

1. Golstein, P. (1997) Current Biology 7:R750.
2. Wiley, S.R. et al. (1995) Immunity 3:673.
3. Pitti, R.M. et al. (1996) J. Biol. Chem. 271:12687.
4. Emery, J. et al. (1998) J. Biol. Chem. 273:14363.
5. Bodmer, J.L. et al. (2000) J. Biol. Chem. 275:20632.
6. Hymowitz, S.G. et al. (2000) Biochemistry 39:633.

Publications for TRAIL/TNFSF10 (375-TEC)(11)

Publications using 375-TEC

• M Frank-Bert, DS Pisetsky, C Kolling, BA Michel, RE Gay, A Jüngel, S Gay TLR3 Ligand Poly(I:C) Exerts Distinct Actions in Synovial Fibroblasts When Delivered by Extracellular Vesicles Front Immunol, 2018-01-29;9(0):28. 2018-01-29 [PMID: 29434584] (Bioassay, Human)
• V Zoller, JB Funcke, J Roos, M Dahlhaus, M Abd El Hay, K Holzmann, R Marienfeld, T Kietzmann, KM Debatin, M Wabitsch, P Fischer-Po Trail (TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand) induces an inflammatory response in human adipocytes Sci Rep, 2017-07-18;7(1):5691. 2017-07-18 [PMID: 28720906] (Bioassay, Human)
• Endotoxemia contributes to CD27+ memory B-cell apoptosis via enhanced sensitivity to Fas ligation in patients with Cirrhosis Sci Rep, 2016-11-18;6(0):36862. 2016-11-18 [PMID: 27857173] (Bioassay, Human)
• Roybal K, Williams J, Morsut L, Rupp L, Kolinko I, Choe J, Walker W, McNally K, Lim W Engineering T Cells with Customized Therapeutic Response Programs Using Synthetic Notch Receptors. Cell, 2016-09-29;167(2):419-432.e16. 2016-09-29 [PMID: 27693353] (CAR-T (Bioassay), Human)
• Bozza , William, Di , Xu, Takeda , Kazuyo, Rivera Rosado , Leslie A, Pariser , Sarah, Zhang , Baolin The use of a stably expressed FRET biosensor for determining the potency of cancer drugs. PLoS ONE, 2014-09-04;9(9):e107010. 2014-09-04 [PMID: 25188024] (Bioassay, Human)
• Guicciardi , Maria Eu, Werneburg , Nathan W, Bronk , Steven F, Franke , Adrian, Yagita , Hideo, Thomas , Gary, Gores , Gregory Cellular inhibitor of apoptosis (cIAP)-mediated ubiquitination of phosphofurin acidic cluster sorting protein 2 (PACS-2) negatively regulates tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) cytotoxicity. PLoS ONE, 2014-03-14;9(3):e92124. 2014-03-14 [PMID: 24633224] (Bioassay, Human)
• Park SJ, Kim MJ, Kim HB, Kang CD, Kim SH Sensitization of imatinib-resistant CML cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis is mediated through down-regulation of Bcr-Abl as well as c-FLIP. Biochem. J., 2009-04-28;420(1):73-81. 2009-04-28 [PMID: 19203346] (Bioassay, Human)
• Roux S, Lambert-Comeau P, Saint-Pierre C, Lepine M, Sawan B, Parent JL Death receptors, Fas and TRAIL receptors, are involved in human osteoclast apoptosis. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 2005-07-22;333(1):42-50. 2005-07-22 [PMID: 15936719] (Bioassay, Human)
• Chopin V, Slomianny C, Hondermarck H, Le Bourhis X Synergistic induction of apoptosis in breast cancer cells by cotreatment with butyrate and TNF-alpha, TRAIL, or anti-Fas agonist antibody involves enhancement of death receptors&#039; signaling and requires P21(waf1). Exp. Cell Res., 2004-08-15;298(2):560-73. 2004-08-15 [PMID: 15265702] (Bioassay, Human)
• Ryan LA, Peng H, Erichsen DA, Huang Y, Persidsky Y, Zhou Y, Gendelman HE, Zheng J TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand mediates human neuronal apoptosis: links to HIV-1-associated dementia. J. Neuroimmunol., 2004-03-01;148(1):127-39. 2004-03-01 [PMID: 14975593] (Bioassay)
• Sade H, Krishna S, Sarin A The anti-apoptotic effect of Notch-1 requires p56lck-dependent, Akt/PKB-mediated signaling in T cells. J. Biol. Chem., 2003-10-28;279(4):2937-44. 2003-10-28 [PMID: 14583609] (Bioassay, Human, Mouse)

Bioinformatics

• Gene Symbol: TNFSF10
• Uniprot:
  • Q6IBA9()