Recombinant Human Integrin alpha V beta 6 Fc Protein, CF

In a functional ELISA, Recombinant Human Integrin alpha V beta 6 Fc Chimera Protein (Catalog # 11649-AV) binds to Recombinant Human LAP (TGF-beta 1) (246-LP) with an ED50 of 9.00‑96.0 ng/mL.

2 μg/lane of Recombinant Human Integrin alpha V beta 6 Fc Chimera Protein (Catalog # 11649-AV) was resolved with SDS-PAGE under non-reducing (NR) condition and visualized by Coomassie® Blue staining, showing bands at >190 kDa.

• Reactivity: Hu
• Applications: Bioactivity
• Format: Carrier-Free

Recombinant Human Integrin alpha V beta 6 Fc Protein, CF Summary

• Additional Information: Fc Chimera
• Details of Functionality: Measured by its binding ability in a functional ELISA. Recombinant Human Integrin alpha V beta 6 Fc Chimera (Catalog # 11649-AV) binds to Recombinant Human LAP (TGF-beta 1) (Catalog # 246-LP) with an ED₅₀ of 9.00-96.0 ng/mL.
• Source: Human embryonic kidney cell, HEK293-derived human Integrin alpha V beta 6 protein
  

  Human ITGAV (Phe31-Val992) Accession # AAA36808.1	IEGR	Human IgG1 (Glu99-Lys330) (with modifications)
  Human ITGB6 (Gly22-Asn707) Accession # P18564.2	HHPIEGR	Human IgG1 (Glu99-Lys330) (with modifications)
  N-terminus		C-terminus

• N-terminal Sequence: Phe31 (Integrin alpha V) & Gly 22 (Integrin beta 6)
• Structure / Form: Disulfide linked heterodimer
• Protein/Peptide Type: Recombinant Proteins
• Endotoxin Note: <1.0 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.

Applications/Dilutions

• Dilutions:
  • Bioactivity
• Theoretical MW: 133 kDa (Integrin alpha V) & 101 kDa (Integrin beta 6).
  Disclaimer note: The observed molecular weight of the protein may vary from the listed predicted molecular weight due to post translational modifications, post translation cleavages, relative charges, and other experimental factors.
• SDS-PAGE: >190 kDa, under non-reducing conditions

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
• Buffer: Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with Trehalose.
• Reconstitution Instructions: Reconstitute at 250 μg/mL in water.

Notes

This product is produced by and ships from R&D Systems, Inc., a Bio-Techne brand.

Alternate Names for Recombinant Human Integrin alpha V beta 6 Fc Protein, CF

• CD51
• Integrin alpha V beta 6
• integrin subunit alpha V
• ITGAV
• MSK8
• VNRA
• VTNR

Background

Integrin alpha V beta 6 is one of five alpha V integrins and the sole beta 6 integrin (1, 2). The non-covalent heterodimer of 170 kDa alpha V/CD51 and 95 kDa beta 6 integrin subunits is expressed exclusively on subsets of epithelial cells, especially during development, after injury or inflammation, or on many carcinomas (2-5). The ligand interaction site of alpha V beta 6 is in the N-terminal head region formed by an interaction of the beta 6 vWFA domain with the alpha V beta-propeller structure (2). The alpha V subunit contains domains termed thigh, calf, and calf-2 with a divalent cation-binding site found at a position equivalent to the “knee”. The 962 aa human alpha V ECD (4), which is cleaved at aa 890 but remains associated, shares 92-95% aa sequence identity with mouse and bovine alpha V, while the 685 aa human beta 6 ECD (5) shares 90-93% aa sequence identity with mouse, rat, bovine, ovine, and porcine beta 6. Each subunit has a transmembrane sequence and a short cytoplasmic tail connected to the cytoskeleton. The beta 6 C-terminal 11 amino acid (aa) cytoplasmic sequence transduces a signal, enhancing proliferation and inducing MMP-9 expression (6). Either “inside-out” signaling or Mg²⁺ or Mn²⁺ binding unfolds and activates the integrin (1). Active alpha V beta 6 binds matrix proteins fibronectin and tenascin C (2). It also binds the TGF-beta latency‑associated peptide (LAP) and activates TGF-beta 1 or TGF-beta 3 from large latent complexes (7). This activation requires interaction with LTBP-1 and fibronectin, and is enhanced by PAR-1 (8, 9). Deletion of beta 6 ablates tonic inhibition of alveolar macrophages by TGF-beta , inhibits intestinal regulatory T cell production, and predisposes mice to inflammatory reactions in the skin, lungs, and intestines where irritations and microbial challenges are frequent (10-12). High alpha V beta 6 expression in carcinomas may contribute to progression through its effects on TGF-beta and MMP activity (3). The foot-and-mouth disease virus and several other viruses can use alpha V beta 6 as a receptor, and soluble alpha V beta 6 may block virus infectivity in vitro (13, 14).

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2. Sheppard, D. (2004) Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 16:552.
3. Bandyopadhyay, A. and S. Raghavan (2009) Curr. Drug Targets 10:645.
4. Suzuki, S. et al. (1987) J. Biol. Chem. 262:14080.
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7. Munger, J.S. et al. (1999) Cell 96:319.
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9. Jenkins, R.G. et al. (2006) J. Clin. Invest. 116:1606.
10. Huang, X.Z. et al. (1996) J. Cell Biol. 133:921.
11. Morris, D.G. et al. (2003) Nature 422:169.
12. Chen, X. et al. (2011) J. Leukoc. Biol. 90:751.
13. Berryman, S. et al. (2005) J. Virol. 79:8519.
14. Heikkila, O. et al. (2009) J. Gen. Virol. 90:197.