Netrin-4 Antibody

Immunohistochemistry of NTN4 expression within NB. Representative light microscopy images of a neuroblastoma sample from a female patient (age > 18M); tumor with retroperotineal location and in disseminated stage. (a) Hematoxylin and eosin staining reveals presence of ganglionar-differentiated cells (yellow arrowhead) and primitive neuroblasts (yellow asterisk). (b) Immunohistochemistry of NTN4 with its corresponding negative control (inset). (c) PCNA staining. (d) NTN4 is expressed preferentially in the endothelium (yellow arrows), as confirmed by CD31 staining (inset). (e) Detail of ganglionar-differentiated cells with strong NTN4 cytoplasmic expression in a characteristic punctuated pattern (yellow arrowhead). (f) Close up image of (b) as indicated, highlighting NTN4 expression within the stroma (yellow asterisk). A, B, C; Scale bar = 40 μm. D, E, F; Scale bar = 10 μm; inset = 10 μm. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30160193), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

Immunohistochemistry of NTN4 expression within NB. Representative light microscopy images of a neuroblastoma sample from a female patient (age > 18M); tumor with retroperotineal location and in disseminated stage. (a) Hematoxylin and eosin staining reveals presence of ganglionar-differentiated cells (yellow arrowhead) and primitive neuroblasts (yellow asterisk). (b) Immunohistochemistry of NTN4 with its corresponding negative control (inset). (c) PCNA staining. (d) NTN4 is expressed preferentially in the endothelium (yellow arrows), as confirmed by CD31 staining (inset). (e) Detail of ganglionar-differentiated cells with strong NTN4 cytoplasmic expression in a characteristic punctuated pattern (yellow arrowhead). (f) Close up image of (b) as indicated, highlighting NTN4 expression within the stroma (yellow asterisk). A, B, C; Scale bar = 40 μm. D, E, F; Scale bar = 10 μm; inset = 10 μm. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30160193), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

Immunohistochemistry of NTN4 expression within NB. Representative light microscopy images of a neuroblastoma sample from a female patient (age > 18M); tumor with retroperotineal location and in disseminated stage. (a) Hematoxylin and eosin staining reveals presence of ganglionar-differentiated cells (yellow arrowhead) and primitive neuroblasts (yellow asterisk). (b) Immunohistochemistry of NTN4 with its corresponding negative control (inset). (c) PCNA staining. (d) NTN4 is expressed preferentially in the endothelium (yellow arrows), as confirmed by CD31 staining (inset). (e) Detail of ganglionar-differentiated cells with strong NTN4 cytoplasmic expression in a characteristic punctuated pattern (yellow arrowhead). (f) Close up image of (b) as indicated, highlighting NTN4 expression within the stroma (yellow asterisk). A, B, C; Scale bar = 40 μm. D, E, F; Scale bar = 10 μm; inset = 10 μm. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30160193), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

• Reactivity: Hu
• Applications: WB, IHC
• Clonality: Polyclonal
• Host: Goat
• Conjugate: Unconjugated
• Concentration: LYOPH

Netrin-4 Antibody Summary

• Immunogen: Mouse myeloma cell line NS0-derived recombinant human Netrin-4
  Val26-Lys628
  Accession # Q9HB63
• Specificity: Detects human Netrin-4 in direct ELISAs and Western blots. In direct ELISAs and Western blots, approximately 50% cross-reactivity with recombinant mouse Netrin-4 is observed, 15% cross-reactivity with recombinant chicken (rch) Netrin-1 is observed and less than 5% cross‑reactivity with recombinant mouse (rm) Netrin-G1a, Netrin-G2a, and rchNetrin-2 is observed.
• Source: N/A
• Isotype: IgG
• Clonality: Polyclonal
• Host: Goat
• Gene: NTN4
• Purity Statement: Antigen Affinity-purified

Applications/Dilutions

• Dilutions:
  • Immunohistochemistry 5-15 ug/mL
  • Western Blot 0.1 ug/mL

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
• Buffer: Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with Trehalose. *Small pack size (SP) is supplied either lyophilized or as a 0.2 µm filtered solution in PBS.
• Preservative: No Preservative
• Concentration: LYOPH
• Reconstitution Instructions: Reconstitute at 0.2 mg/mL in sterile PBS.

Notes

This product or the use of this product is covered by U.S. Patents owned by The Regents of the University of California. This product is for research use only and is not to be used for commercial purposes. Use of this product to produce products for sale or for diagnostic, therapeutic or drug discovery purposes is prohibited. In order to obtain a license to use this product for such purposes, contact The Regents of the University of California.

U.S. Patent # 5,824,775, 6,218,526, and other U.S. and international patents pending.

This product is produced by and ships from R&D Systems, Inc., a Bio-Techne brand.

Alternate Names for Netrin-4 Antibody

• beta-Netrin
• hepar-derived netrin-like protein
• netrin 4
• Netrin4
• Netrin-4
• NTN4
• PRO3091

Background

Netrins/UNC-6 (netr: Sanskrit for “one who guides”) are a family of laminin-related small proteins that are involved in neurite outgrowth and axon guidance. Netrins bind to the DCC and UNC5 family of receptors to attract or repel axons. Human Netrin-4 is synthesized as a 628 amino acid (aa) precursor that contains a 19 aa signal sequence, a 443 aa laminin-related region containing an N-terminal laminin globular domain (domain VI) followed by 3 laminin EGF-like repeats, and a 166 aa C‑terminal domain rich in basic aa residues that serves as a heparin binding site. Unlike human Netrin-1 which is reminiscent of the laminin gamma -chain, human Netrin-4 resembles the laminin beta -chain. Netrin-4 has been reported to exist as both a monomer and a dimer. The dimeric form was reported to be the less active of the two. Human Netrin-4 shares 31%, 29% and 25% aa sequence identity with human Netrin-1, 2 and G2, respectively; it shares 89% aa identity with mouse Netrin-4. Netrin-4 has widespread expression, occurring in nervous tissues such as embryonic floor plate and postnatal neurons such as cerebellar granule cells and hippocampal pyramidal cells. It also is found in non-neural tissues, such as adult Bowman’s capsule and medullary tubular epithelium in kidney, and embryonic pancreatic and intestinal epithelium, plus cells of the ureteric bud. Netrin-4 expression is often associated with basement membrane. Netrin-4 has been shown to initiate axon outgrowth from olfactory bulb explants (1‑7).

1. McFarlane, S. (2000) Biochem. Cell. Biol. 78:563.
2. Kennedy, T.E. (2000) Biochem. Cell Biol. 78:569.
3. Yu, T.W. and C.I. Bargmann (2001) Nature Neurosci. 4(Suppl):1169.
4. Stein, E. et al. (2001) Science 291:1976.
5. Koch, M. et al. (2000) J. Cell Biol. 151:221.
6. Yin, Y. et al. (2000) Mech. Dev. 96:115.
7. Livesey, F.J. (1999) Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 56:62.

Limitations

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.

Publications for Netrin-4 Antibody (AF1254)(4)

Publications using AF1254

• Andrea A. Villanueva, Sofía Puvogel, Pablo Lois, Ernesto Muñoz-Palma, Manuel Ramírez Orellana, Fabiana Lubieniecki et al. The Netrin-4/Laminin gamma 1/Neogenin-1 complex mediates migration in SK-N-SH neuroblastoma cells Cell Adhesion & Migration 2019-01-01 [PMID: 30160193] (Immunohistochemistry, Human)
• Toshihide Yamashita Dorsal horn interneuron-derived Netrin-4 contributes to spinal sensitization in chronic pain via Unc5B J. Exp. Med., 2016-11-17;0(0):. 2016-11-17 [PMID: 27856613] (IHC, Human)
• NTN4 is associated with breast cancer metastasis via regulation of EMT-related biomarkers Oncol. Rep., 2016-11-09;0(0):. 11/9/2016 [PMID: 27840993]
• Esseghir S, Kennedy A, Seedhar P, Nerurkar A, Poulsom R, Reis-Filho JS, Isacke CM Identification of NTN4, TRA1, and STC2 as prognostic markers in breast cancer in a screen for signal sequence encoding proteins. Clin. Cancer Res., 2007-06-01;13(11):3164-73. 2007-06-01 [PMID: 17545519] (IHC-Fr, Human)

Bioinformatics

• Gene Symbol: NTN4
• Uniprot:
  • Q9HB63()