GITR Ligand/TNFSF18 Antibody [Unconjugated]

• Reactivity: Hu
• Applications: WB, Flow, B/N, CyTOF-ready
• Clonality: Polyclonal
• Host: Goat
• Conjugate: Unconjugated
• Concentration: LYOPH

GITR Ligand/TNFSF18 Antibody [Unconjugated] Summary

• Immunogen: S. frugiperda insect ovarian cell line Sf 21-derived recombinant human GITR Ligand/TNFSF18
  Glu52-Ser177
  Accession # Q9UNG2
• Specificity: Detects human GITR Ligand/TNSF18 in direct ELISAs and Western blots. In direct ELISAs, less than 2% cross-reactivity with recombinant mouse GITR Ligand is observed.
• Source: N/A
• Isotype: IgG
• Clonality: Polyclonal
• Host: Goat
• Gene: TNFSF18
• Purity Statement: Antigen Affinity-purified
• Endotoxin Note: <0.10 EU per 1 μg of the antibody by the LAL method.

Applications/Dilutions

• Dilutions:
  • Blockade of Receptor-ligand Interaction
  • CyTOF-ready
  • Flow Cytometry 2.5 ug/10^6 cells
  • Western Blot 0.1 ug/mL

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
• Buffer: Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with Trehalose. *Small pack size (SP) is supplied either lyophilized or as a 0.2 µm filtered solution in PBS.
• Preservative: No Preservative
• Concentration: LYOPH
• Reconstitution Instructions: Reconstitute at 0.2 mg/mL in sterile PBS.

Notes

This product is produced by and ships from R&D Systems, Inc., a Bio-Techne brand.

Alternate Names for GITR Ligand/TNFSF18 Antibody [Unconjugated]

• Activation-inducible TNF-related ligand
• AITRL
• AITRLMGC138237
• GITR Ligand
• GITRL
• GITRLglucocorticoid-induced TNFR-related protein ligand
• Glucocorticoid-induced TNF-related ligand
• hGITRLGITR ligand
• TL6AITR ligand
• TNFSF18
• tumor necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily, member 18
• tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 18

Background

GITR (glucocorticoid-induced TNF receptor superfamily-related protein, also named AITR, activation-inducible TNF receptor superfamily-related protein) and GITR ligand (GITRL) are novel members of the TNF receptor (TNFR) and TNF superfamilies (SF) that have been designated TNFRSF18 and TNFSF18, respectively. Human GITRL cDNA encodes a 177 amino acid residues type II membrane protein. The carboxy-terminal extracellular domain shows sequence identity to TNF/TNFSF2 (21%), Fas ligand/TNFSF6 (21%), TRAIL/TNFSF10 (18%), and lymphotoxin alpha /TNFSF1 (18%). GITRL is constitutively expressed in human umbilical vein endothelial cells but is not expressed in resting or stimulated T cell lines, B cell lines or peripheral blood mononuclear cells. GITR, the receptor for GITRL, is expressed at low levels in peripheral blood T cells, bone marrow, thymus, spleen and lymph nodes. In contrast to mouse GITR, expression of human GITR is not induced by treatment with dexamethasone, but is up-regulated by antigen-receptor stimulation or by treatment with soluble anti-CD3 plus anti-CD28 or PMA plus ionomycin. Ligation of GITR has been found to induce nuclear factor (NF)-kappa B activation via TNF receptor-associated factor 2 and protect cells from TCR activation-induced cell death. It has been proposed that GITRL and GITR may modulate T lymphocyte functions in peripheral tissues.

1. Nocentini, G. et al. (1997) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94:6216.
2. Kwon, B. et al. (1999) J. Biol. Chem. 274:6056.
3. Gurney, A.L. et al. (1999) Current Biology 9:215.
4. Kwon, B. et al. (1999) Current Opinion in Immunology 11:340.

Limitations

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.

Publications for GITR Ligand/TNFSF18 Antibody (AF694)(1)

Publication using AF694

• Baltz KM, Krusch M, Baessler T, Schmiedel BJ, Bringmann A, Brossart P, Salih HR Neutralization of tumor-derived soluble glucocorticoid-induced TNFR-related protein ligand increases NK cell anti-tumor reactivity. Blood, 2008-08-08;112(9):3735-43. 2008-08-08 [PMID: 18689545] (ELISA Development, Human)

Bioinformatics

• Gene Symbol: TNFSF18
• Uniprot:
  • Q9UNG2()