Caspase-1 Antibody Pair [Biotin]

• Reactivity: Mu
• Applications: ELISA
• Conjugate: Biotin
• Suitable Sample Type: Cell Culture Supernatant
• Standard Curve Range: 0.15ng/ml - 10 ng/ml
• Sensitivity: 50 pg/ml

Caspase-1 Antibody Pair [Biotin] Summary

• Description: Sandwich ELISA for the quantitative determination of Mouse Caspase-1
• Specificity: Detects mouse Caspase-1 (p10 and p20 domain). Does not detect human Caspase-1.
• Standard Curve Range: 0.15ng/ml - 10 ng/ml
• Sensitivity: 50 pg/ml
• Assay Type: Sandwich ELISA
• Sample Volume: 100 ul
• Gene: CASP1

Applications/Dilutions

• Dilutions:
  • Sandwich ELISA
• Application Notes: 1. Dilute the desired amount of Coating Antibody (COAT) (1 mg/ml) (mouse monoclonal antibody) to 2 ug/ml in PBS without carrier protein and use it fresh.
  2. Dilute the desired amount of Detection Antibody (DET) (0.5 mg/ml) (biotinylated mouse monoclonal antibody) to 1 ug/ml in ELISA Buffer and use it fresh.
  3. Reconstitute the Streptavidin-HRP (STREP) with 100 ul ELISA Buffer. After reconstitution, prepare aliquots and store the reconstituted STREP at -20C. Avoid freeze/thaw cycles. Dilute the reconstituted Streptavidin-HRP to the working concentration by adding 10 ul in 10 ml of ELISA Buffer (1:1000).
  4. Reconstitute the Standard Protein (STD) (recombinant mouse Caspase-1) with 100 ul ELISA Buffer to obtain a concentration of 10 ug/ml. After reconstitution, prepare aliquots and store the reconstituted standard at -20C. Avoid freeze/ thaw cycles. A standard curve using 2-fold serial dilutions in ELISA Buffer is recommended. Suggested standard points are 10 ng/ml, 5 ng/ml, 2.5 ng/ml, 1.25 ng/ml, 0.625 ng/ml, 0.3125 ng/ml, 0.15625 ng/ml and 0 ng/ml.

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Store at 4C short term. Aliquot and store at -20C long term. Avoid freeze-thaw cycles.

Alternate Names for Caspase-1 Antibody Pair [Biotin]

• CASP1 nirs variant 1
• CASP1
• CASP-1
• caspase 1, apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase
• Caspase-1 subunit p10
• Caspase-1 subunit p20
• Caspase1
• Caspase-1
• EC 3.4.22.36
• EC:3.4.22.36
• ICE
• IL-1 beta-converting enzyme
• IL1BC
• IL-1BC
• IL1BCE
• IL1B-convertase
• interleukin 1, beta, convertase
• interleukin 1-B converting enzyme
• Interleukin-1 beta convertase
• Interleukin-1 beta-converting enzyme
• p45

Background

Caspase-1, also known as interleukin-1-beta (IL-1beta) -converting enzyme (ICE), is a member of the cysteine-aspartic protease (caspase) family (1). The caspase family are aspartic proteolytic enzymes that play a key role in apoptotic cell death and inflammation (1). Caspase-1 is synthesized as an inactive proenzyme with a theoretical molecular weight of approximately 45 kDa and is 404 amino acids (aa) in length. The caspase-1 protein structure contains an N-terminal CARD (caspase recruitment domain), a large 20kDa P20 subunit (aa 120-297), and a small 10kDa P10 subunit (aa 317-404) (1, 2). The proenzyme undergoes cleavage at aspartic acid (Asp) residues to produce the active caspase-1 enzyme which exists as a heterotetramer (homodimer of the P20 and P10 heterodimers) (2). Inflammasome complexes sense various microbial and endogenous signals, including ligand-receptor interaction and growth factor deprivation, which results in the processing of pro-caspase to active caspase-1 (3, 4).The active caspase-1 is responsible for the cleavage and maturation of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1beta and IL-18, and promotes an inflammatory form of cell death induced by bacterial pathogens called pyroptosis (3, 4). Mature IL-1beta has a role in the immune reaction and recruiting inflammatory cells to the site of infection while IL-18 plays a role in interferon-gamma production and promotes cytolytic activity in natural killer cells (4).

Given the role of IL-1beta in inflammation, it makes sense that many diseases and pathologies have been associated with dysregulation of caspase-1 activation and the inflammasome (3, 4). The inflammasome is a multiprotein complex comprised of Nod-like receptor (NLR) family members and the adapter ASC (apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD) which are crucial for capase-1 activation (3-5). For instance, the neuronal apoptosis inhibitory protein (NAIP)/NLRC4 inflammasome has been associated with colorectal cancer, breast cancer, and glioma pathogenesis (5). Caspase-1 activation and mutations in the inflammasome have also been linked to Chron's disease and Alzheimer's disease (4). In addition to immune and inflammatory related disorder, the inflammasome has been linked to metabolic and obesity related disorders including diabetes and cardiovascular disease (6). Finally, caspase-1 deficient mice exhibit enhanced epithelial cell proliferation in the colon, increased tumor formation, and reduced apoptosis (1). A more thorough understanding of the inflammasome-caspase-1 signaling pathway will be important for understanding disease pathology and potential therapeutic development.

Alternative names for caspase-1 includes CASP1, CASP1 nirs variant 1, EC 3.4.22.36, ICE, IL-1 beta-converting enzyme, IL1BC, IL1BCE, IL1B-converstase, interleukin-1 beta convertase, and p45.

References

1. Shalini, S., Dorstyn, L., Dawar, S., & Kumar, S. (2015). Old, new and emerging functions of caspases. Cell death and differentiation. https://doi.org/10.1038/cdd.2014.216

2. Chang, H. Y., & Yang, X. (2000). Proteases for cell suicide: functions and regulation of caspases. Microbiology and molecular biology reviews: MMBR. https://doi.org/10.1128/mmbr.64.4.821-846.2000

3. Vanaja, S. K., Rathinam, V. A., & Fitzgerald, K. A. (2015). Mechanisms of inflammasome activation: recent advances and novel insights. Trends in cell biology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tcb.2014.12.009

4. Franchi, L., Eigenbrod, T., Munoz-Planillo, R., & Nunez, G. (2009). The inflammasome: a caspase-1-activation platform that regulates immune responses and disease pathogenesis. Nature immunology. https://doi.org/10.1038/ni.1703

5. Kay, C., Wang, R., Kirkby, M., & Man, S. M. (2020). Molecular mechanisms activating the NAIP-NLRC4 inflammasome: Implications in infectious disease, autoinflammation, and cancer. Immunological reviews. https://doi.org/10.1111/imr.12906

6. Pham, D., Park, P. (2020). Recent insights on modulation of inflammasomes by adipokines: a critical event for the pathogenesis of obesity and metabolism-associated diseases. Archives of Pharmacal Research. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12272-020-01274-7

Limitations

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Antibody Pairs are guaranteed for 6 months from date of receipt.

Bioinformatics

• Gene Symbol: CASP1