Azurocidin/CAP37/HBP Antibody [Alexa Fluor™ Plus 680]

• Clonality: Polyclonal
• Host: Goat
• Conjugate: Alexa Fluor Plus 680

Azurocidin/CAP37/HBP Antibody [Alexa Fluor™ Plus 680] Summary

• Specificity: Detects human Azurocidin/CAP37/HBP in direct ELISAs and Western blots.
• Isotype: IgG
• Clonality: Polyclonal
• Host: Goat

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Protect from light. Do not freeze. 12 months from date of receipt, 2 to 8 °C as supplied
• Buffer: Supplied 0.2 mg/mL in a saline solution containing BSA and Sodium Azide.

Notes

This product is produced by and ships from R&D Systems, Inc., a Bio-Techne brand.

Alternate Names for Azurocidin/CAP37/HBP Antibody [Alexa Fluor™ Plus 680]

• AZAMP
• AZU
• AZU1
• azurocidin 1
• Azurocidin
• CAP37
• CAP37Heparin-binding protein
• cationic antimicrobial protein 37
• HBP
• HBPCationic antimicrobial protein CAP37
• HUMAZUR
• NAZC
• neutrophil azurocidin

Background

Azurocidin, also known as cationic antimicrobial protein 37 (CAP37) and heparin-binding protein (HBP), is a member of the serine protease family that includes Cathepsin G, neutrophil elastase (NE), and proteinase 3 (PR3). These proteases are found in the specialized azurophilic granules of neutrophils (1, 2). Human Azurocidin 1 is encoded by the AZU1 gene located in a cluster with NE and PR3 on chromosome 19pter (2). The open reading frame predicts a 251 amino acid (aa) protein with an N-terminal 26 aa signal sequence and a 7 aa propeptide. There are also eight cysteine residues and 3 putative N-linked glycosylation sites (1).

Although Azurocidin 1 shares a significant degree of aa sequence identity with Cathepsin G, NE, and PR3, it lacks serine protease activity due to mutations at two of the three residues in the catalytic triad (His41Ser and Ser175Gly) (1, 3). Crystallographic analysis suggests that the antibacterial activity of Azurocidin is mediated by a hydrophobic pocket (residues 20 to 44) that binds Gram-negative bacteria lipid A. These structural data also imply that the heparin binding capacity is mediated by non-specific electrostatic interactions between the negatively charged heparin molecule and a large patch of positively charged residues near the lipid A binding site (3).

Azurocidin has also been identified as a modulator of endothelial permeability. Neutrophils arriving first at sites of inflammation release Azurocidin, which acts in a paracrine fashion on endothelial cells causing the development of intercellular gaps and allowing leukocyte extravasation. These findings imply that Azurocidin may be a reasonable therapeutic target for a variety of inflammatory disease conditions (4).

1. Morgan, J.G. et al. (1991) J. Immunol. 147:3210.
2. Zimmer, M. et al. (1992) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89:8215.
3. Iverson, L.F. et al. (1997) Nat. Struct. Biol. 4:265.
4. Gautam, N. et al. (2001) Nat. Med. 7:1123.

Limitations

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.