S100A4 Antibody [Unconjugated]

Western blot shows lysates of 3T3‑L1 mouse embryonic fibroblast adipose‑like cell line. PVDF membrane was probed with 1 µg/mL of Sheep Anti-Human/Mouse S100A4 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF4138) followed by HRP-conjugated Anti-Sheep IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog # HAF016). A specific band was detected for S100A4 at approximately 11 kDa (as indicated). This experiment was conducted under reducing conditions and using Immunoblot Buffer Group 2.

Simple Western lane view shows lysates of 3T3‑L1 mouse embryonic fibroblast adipose-like cell line, loaded at 0.2 mg/mL. A specific band was detected for S100A4 at approximately 12 kDa (as indicated) using 10 µg/mL of Sheep Anti-Human/Mouse S100A4 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF4138) followed by 1:50 dilution of HRP-conjugated Anti-Sheep IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog # HAF016). This experiment was conducted under reducing conditions and using the12-230 kDa separation system.

Western blot shows lysates of HeLa human cervical epithelial carcinoma parental cell line and S100A4 knockout HeLa cell line (KO). PVDF membrane was probed with 1 µg/mL of Sheep Anti-Human/Mouse S100A4 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF4138) followed by HRP-conjugated Anti-Sheep IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog # HAF016). A specific band was detected for S100A4 at approximately 12 kDa (as indicated) in the parental HeLa cell line, but is not detectable in knockout HeLa cell line. GAPDH (Catalog # AF5718) is shown as a loading control. This experiment was conducted under reducing conditions and using Immunoblot Buffer Group 1.

• Reactivity: Hu, Mu
• Applications: WB, Simple Western, KO
• Clonality: Polyclonal
• Host: Sheep
• Conjugate: Unconjugated
• Concentration: LYOPH

S100A4 Antibody [Unconjugated] Summary

• Immunogen: E. coli-derived recombinant mouse S100A4
  Ala2-Lys101
  Accession # P07091
• Specificity: Detects human and mouse S100A4 in direct ELISAs and Western blots. In direct ELISAs, less than 1% cross-reactivity with recombinant mouse (rm) S100A8, rmS100A6, rmS100A9, rmS100A10, rmS100A13, rmS100A16, recombinant human (rh) S100A1, rhS100A7, rhS100A11, rhS100B, and rhS100P is observed.
• Source: N/A
• Isotype: IgG
• Clonality: Polyclonal
• Host: Sheep
• Gene: S100A4
• Purity Statement: Antigen Affinity-purified

Applications/Dilutions

• Dilutions:
  • Knockout Validated
  • Simple Western 10 ug/mL
  • Western Blot 1 ug/mL

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
• Buffer: Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with Trehalose. *Small pack size (SP) is supplied either lyophilized or as a 0.2 µm filtered solution in PBS.
• Preservative: No Preservative
• Concentration: LYOPH
• Reconstitution Instructions: Reconstitute at 0.2 mg/mL in sterile PBS.

Notes

This product is produced by and ships from R&D Systems, Inc., a Bio-Techne brand.

Alternate Names for S100A4 Antibody [Unconjugated]

• 18A2
• 42A
• Calvasculin
• CAPL
• CAPLS100 calcium binding protein A4 (calcium protein, calvasculin, metastasin
• fibroblast-specific protein-1,42A
• FSP1
• leukemia multidrug resistance associated protein
• malignant transformation suppression 1
• Metastasin
• MTS1
• murine placental homolog)
• P9KA
• PEL98
• Placental calcium-binding protein
• Protein Mts1
• protein S100-A4
• S100 calcium binding protein A4
• S100 calcium-binding protein A4 (calcium protein, calvasculin, metastasin, murine placental homolog)
• S100 calcium-binding protein A4
• S100A4

Background

S100A4 (also named metastasin, Mtsl and calvasculin) is an 11 kDa member of the S100 (soluble in 100% saturated ammonium sulfate) family of proteins (1‑5). The S100 family is a further classified as a member of the EF-hand superfamily of Ca⁺⁺-binding proteins. These participate in both calcium‑dependent and calcium‑independent protein-protein interactions. The hallmark of this superfamily is the EF-hand motif that consists of a Ca⁺⁺-binding site flanked by two alpha -helices (helix E and helix F) that were originally identified in a right-handed model of carp muscle calcium‑binding protein (6). Mouse S100A4 is 101 amino acids (aa) in length (1, 2). It contains two EF hand domains, one between aa 12‑47, and a second between aa 50‑85. The first domain has a 14 aa cation-binding motif and binds Ca⁺⁺ with low affinity. The second Ca⁺⁺-binding motif is 12 aa in length and binds Ca⁺⁺ with high affinity. S100A4 has no classical signal sequence but is secreted from cells (3, 7). Mouse S100A4 shares 93%, 96% and 89% aa identity with human, rat and canine S100A4, respectively. S100A4 exists as dimer (8, 9, 10). Extracellular S100A4 is reported to induce MMP production, activate MMPs, promote neurite outgrowth and stimulate cardiomyocyte proliferation (4, 10, 11, 12, 13). Within the cell, dimers are likely the functional unit. Here, they are constitutive homo- or heterodimers (with S100A1) that interact with Ca⁺⁺, undergo a conformational change, and subsequently bind to cytoplasmic targets. Known targets include p53, myosin heavy chain II, F-actin and liprin beta 1 (4, 14). In general, it can be said that S100A4 blocks target phosphorylation and multimerization (4, 7, 14). S100A4 activity has been associated with cell transformation. It seems likely this is either coincidental, or a consequence, rather than a cause of transformation (3).

1. Jackson-Grusby, L.L. et al. (1987) Nucleic Acids Res. 15:6677.
2. Goto, K. et al. (1988) J. Biochem. 103:48.
3. Garrett, S.C. et al. (2006) J. Biol. Chem. 281:677.
4. Santamaria-Kisiel, L. et al. (2006) Biochem. J. 396:201.
5. Donato, R. (2001) Int. J. Biochem. Mol. Biol. 33:637.
6. Kretsinger, R.H. and C.E. Nockolds (1973) J. Biol. Chem. 248:3313.
7. Helfman, D.M. et al. (2005) Br. J. Cancer 92:1955.
8. Burkitt, W.I. et al. (2003) Biochem. Soc. Trans. 31:985.
9. Vallaly, K.M. et al. (2002) Biochemistry 41:12670.
10. Novitskaya, V. et al. (2000) J. Biol. Chem. 275:41278.
11. Stary, M. et al. (2006) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 343:555.
12. Semov, A. et al. (2005) J. Biol. Chem. 280:20833.
13. Saleem, M. et al. (2006) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 103:14825.
14. Kriajevska, M. et al. (2002) J. Biol. Chem. 277:5229.

Limitations

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.

Publications for S100A4 Antibody (AF4138)(7)

Publications using AF4138

• Takanori Adachi, Wantong Zhao, Kazumasa Minami, Yuhki Yokoyama, Daisuke Okuzaki, Rika Kondo et al. Chk1 suppression leads to a reduction in the enhanced radiation-induced invasive capability on breast cancer cells Journal of Radiation Research 2021-09-13 [PMID: 34124754] (Western Blot, Human)
• Takanori Adachi, Wantong Zhao, Kazumasa Minami, Yuhki Yokoyama, Daisuke Okuzaki, Rika Kondo et al. Chk1 suppression leads to a reduction in the enhanced radiation-induced invasive capability on breast cancer cells Journal of Radiation Research 2021-09-13 [PMID: 34124754]
• Gao QY, Zhang HF, Tao J et al. Mitochondrial Fission and Mitophagy Reciprocally Orchestrate Cardiac Fibroblasts Activation Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology 2021-01-21 [PMID: 33585469]
• Gao QY, Zhang HF, Tao J et al. Mitochondrial Fission and Mitophagy Reciprocally Orchestrate Cardiac Fibroblasts Activation Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology 2021-01-21 [PMID: 33585469]
• Kathryn Ellis, Elizabeth C. Driver, Takayuki Okano, Abigail Lemons, Matthew W. Kelley GSK3 regulates hair cell fate in the developing mammalian cochlea Developmental Biology 2019-09-01 [PMID: 31185200]
• Kathryn Ellis, Elizabeth C. Driver, Takayuki Okano, Abigail Lemons, Matthew W. Kelley GSK3 regulates hair cell fate in the developing mammalian cochlea Developmental Biology 2019-09-01 [PMID: 31185200] (Immunohistochemistry, Transgenic Mouse)
• Tsuchiya M, Yamaguchi F, Shimamoto S et al. Oxidized S100A4 inhibits the activation of protein phosphatase 5 through S100A1 in MKN-45 gastric carcinoma cells. Int. J. Mol. Med. 2014-12-01 [PMID: 25269953]

Bioinformatics

• Gene Symbol: S100A4
• Uniprot:
  • P07091()