Recombinant Mouse Activin B Protein

Recombinant Mouse Activin B (Catalog # 8260-AB) induces hemoglobin expression in K562 human chronic myelogenous leukemia cells. The ED50 for this effect is 0.2-1.2 ng/mL.

1 μg/lane ofRecombinant Mouse Activin Bwas resolved with SDS-PAGE under reducing (R) and non-reducing (NR) conditionsand visualized by silver staining, showing bands at 12 and 21 kDa, respectively.

• Reactivity: Mu
• Applications: Bioactivity

Recombinant Mouse Activin B Protein Summary

• Details of Functionality: Measured by its ability to induce hemoglobin expression in K562 human chronic myelogenous leukemia cells. Schwall, R.H. et al. (1991) Method Enzymol. 198:340. The ED₅₀ for this effect is 0.2-1.2 ng/mL.
• Source: Human embryonic kidney cell, HEK293-derived mouse Activin B protein
  Gly297-Ala411
• Accession #: Q04999
• N-terminal Sequence: Gly297
• Structure / Form: Disulfide-linked homodimer
• Protein/Peptide Type: Recombinant Proteins
• Gene: Inhbb
• Purity: >95%, by SDS-PAGE with silver staining.
• Endotoxin Note: <0.10 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.

Applications/Dilutions

• Dilutions:
  • Bioactivity
• Theoretical MW: 13 kDa (monomer).
  Disclaimer note: The observed molecular weight of the protein may vary from the listed predicted molecular weight due to post translational modifications, post translation cleavages, relative charges, and other experimental factors.
• SDS-PAGE: 12 kDa, reducing conditions

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
• Buffer: Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in HCl with BSA as a carrier protein.
• Purity: >95%, by SDS-PAGE with silver staining.
• Reconstitution Instructions: Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile 4 mM HCl.

Notes

This product is produced by and ships from R&D Systems, Inc., a Bio-Techne brand.

Alternate Names for Recombinant Mouse Activin B Protein

• activin AB beta polypeptide
• Activin Beta B
• Activin beta-B chain
• INHBB
• inhibin beta B chain
• Inhibin Beta B
• Inhibin Subunit Beta B
• inhibin, beta B (activin AB beta polypeptide)
• inhibin, beta B
• Inhibin, beta-2

Background

Activin and Inhibin, members of the TGF-beta superfamily of cytokines, are involved in a range of biological processes including neural development, stem cell differentiation, reproductive physiology, inflammation, tissue morphogenesis and bone remodeling (1-5). Activins function as either a homodimer or heterodimer of non-glycosylated beta subunit proteins ( beta A, beta B, beta C, and beta E in mammals). Inhibins are heterodimers consisting of a unique alpha  subunit and any one beta  subunit. The alpha - and beta -subunits are produced as precursor proteins with an amino-terminal propeptide that is cleaved to release a carboxy-terminal monomeric subunit that becomes bioactive upon disulfide linkage with another Activin monomer (6, 7). The bioactive Activin B dimeric protein consists of two beta B subunits. The 13 kDa mature mouse Activin beta B subunit shares 99% and 98% amino acid sequence identity with rat and human Activin beta B, respectively. Activin B exerts its biological function upon binding to the type 2 serine/threonine kinase Activin receptor (Act RIIA). This receptor-ligand complex noncovalently associates and transphosphorylates the type 1 Activin receptor (ActRI) to initiate intracellular SMAD activation and the subsequent regulation of Activin-responsive gene transcription (8). BAMBI, Betaglycan, and Cripto, regulate the bioactivity of Activin B by restricting its ability to induce receptor complex assembly. Alternatively, bioavailability of Activin B is modulated through sequestration into inactive complexes with alpha 2-Macroglobulin, Follstatin, and FLRG (9-12).

1. Woodruff, T.K. (1998) Biochemical Pharmacology 55:953.
2. Paulusma, C.C. et al. (1994) J. Immunol. Methods 169:143.
3. Vassalli, A. et al. (1994) Genes Dev. 8:414.
4. Shat-Tal, Y. and D. Zipori (2002) Stem Cells 20:493.
5. Ying, S.Y. et al. (1997) Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 214:114.
6. Gray, A.M. and A.J. Mason (1990) Science 247:1328.
7. Mason, A.J. et al. (1996) Mol. Endocrinol. 10:1055.
8. de Caestecker, M. (2004) Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 15:1.
9. Hedger, M.P. and D.M. de Kretser (2013) Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 24: 285.
10. Gray, P.C. and W. Vale (2012) FEBS Letters 586:1836.
11. Kelber, J.A. et al. (2008) J. Biol. Chem. 283: 4490.
12. Xia, Y. and A.L. Schneyer (2009) Journal of Endocrinology 202:1.

Publications for Activin B/Inhibin beta B (8260-AB)(6)

Publications using 8260-AB

• T Yamamoto, Z Diao, M Murakami, F Shimokawa, T Matsui, M Funaba Factors affecting the induction of uncoupling protein 1 in C2C12 myogenic cells Cytokine, 2022-06-20;157(0):155936. 2022-06-20 [PMID: 35738051] (Bioassay, Mouse)
• X Wang, P Tang, F Guo, M Zhang, Y Yan, M Huang, Y Chen, L Zhang, L Zhang mDia1 and Cdc42 regulate Activin B-induced migration of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells Stem Cells, 2018-11-09;0(0):. 2018-11-09 [PMID: 30358011] (Bioassay, Mouse)
• Alison C. McGarvey, Stanislav Rybtsov, Céline Souilhol, Sara Tamagno, Ritva Rice, David Hills et al. A molecular roadmap of the AGM region reveals BMPER as a novel regulator of HSC maturation Journal of Experimental Medicine 2017-12-04 [PMID: 29093060] (Bioassay, Mouse)
• BC Goh, V Singhal, AJ Herrera, RE Tomlinson, S Kim, MC Faugere, EL Germain-Le, TL Clemens, SJ Lee, DJ DiGirolamo Activin Receptor Type IIA (ACVR2A) Functions Directly in Osteoblasts as a Negative Regulator of Bone Mass J. Biol. Chem., 2017-06-28;0(0):. 2017-06-28 [PMID: 28659341] (Bioassay, Mouse)
• L Zhang, P Xu, X Wang, M Zhang, Y Yan, Y Chen, L Zhang, L Zhang Activin B regulates adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells to promote skin wound healing via activation of the MAPK signaling pathway Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol., 2017-04-08;87(0):69-76. 2017-04-08 [PMID: 28396222] (Bioassay, Mouse)
• Guo T, Marmol P, Moliner A, Bjornholm M, Zhang C, Shokat K, Ibanez C Adipocyte ALK7 links nutrient overload to catecholamine resistance in obesity. Elife, 2014-08-25;3(0):e03245. 2014-08-25 [PMID: 25161195] (Bioassay, Mouse)

Bioinformatics

• Gene Symbol: Inhbb
• Uniprot:
  • Q04999()