Recombinant Human PILR-alpha Avi-tag His-tag Protein, CF

Measured by its binding ability in a functional ELISA. When Biotinylated Recombinant Human PILR‑alpha Avi-tag His-tag (Catalog # AVI6484) is captured on EvenCoat Streptavidin Coated Plates (CP004) at 2.00 μg/mL (100 μL/well), Recombinant Human PANP Fc Chimera Protein (7920-PN) binds with an ED50 of 8.00-80.0 ng/mL.

2 μg/lane of Recombinant Human PILR-alpha Avi-tag His-tag Protein (Catalog # AVI6484) was resolved with SDS-PAGE under reducing (R) and non-reducing (NR) conditions and visualized by Coomassie® Blue staining, showing bands at 39-47 kDa.

• Reactivity: Hu
• Applications: Bioactivity
• Format: Carrier-Free

Recombinant Human PILR-alpha Avi-tag His-tag Protein, CF Summary

• Additional Information: Biotinylated
• Details of Functionality: Measured by its binding ability in a functional ELISA. When Biotinylated Recombinant Human PILR‑ alpha Avi-tag His-tag (Catalog # AVI6484) is captured on EvenCoat Streptavidin Coated Plates (Catalog # CP004) at 2.00 μg/mL (100 μL/well), Recombinant Human PANP Fc Chimera Protein (Catalog # 7920-PN) binds with an ED₅₀ of 8.00-80.0 ng/mL.
• Source: Chinese Hamster Ovary cell line, CHO-derived human PILR-alpha protein
  

  Human PILR-alpha (Thr25-Thr196) Accession # Q9UKJ1.3	Avi-tag	6-His tag
  N-terminus		C-terminus

• Accession #: Q9UKJ1.3
• N-terminal Sequence: Gln20 predicted: No results obtained, sequencing might be blocked
  Thr25 (minor)
• Structure / Form: Biotinylated via Avi-tag
• Protein/Peptide Type: Recombinant Proteins
• Purity: >95%, by SDS-PAGE visualized with Silver Staining and quantitative densitometry by Coomassie® Blue Staining.
• Endotoxin Note: <0.10 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.

Applications/Dilutions

• Dilutions:
  • Bioactivity
• Theoretical MW: 23 kDa.
  Disclaimer note: The observed molecular weight of the protein may vary from the listed predicted molecular weight due to post translational modifications, post translation cleavages, relative charges, and other experimental factors.
• SDS-PAGE: 39-47 kDa, under reducing conditions.

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
• Buffer: Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with Trehalose.
• Purity: >95%, by SDS-PAGE visualized with Silver Staining and quantitative densitometry by Coomassie® Blue Staining.
• Reconstitution Instructions: Reconstitute at 500 μg/mL in PBS.

Notes

This product is produced by and ships from R&D Systems, Inc., a Bio-Techne brand.

Alternate Names for Recombinant Human PILR-alpha Avi-tag His-tag Protein, CF

• Cell surface receptor FDF03
• FDF03
• inhibitory receptor PILRalpha
• Inhibitory receptor PILR-alpha
• paired immunoglobin-like receptor alpha
• paired immunoglobin-like type 2 receptor alpha
• paired immunoglobulin-like receptor alpha
• paired immunoglobulin-like type 2 receptor alpha
• PILRA
• PILRalpha
• PILR-alpha

Background

PILR-alpha (paired immunoglobulin-like type 2 receptor-alpha; also FDF03) is one of two members that belong to a small family of immunoregulatory Ig-superfamily receptors (1-4). It is a counterpart to PILR-beta , and likely gave rise to the PILR-beta gene through duplication and rearrangement (1). The PILRs represent one of many pairs of Ig-like domain-containing receptors that participate in immune regulation. PILR-alpha and -beta should not be confused with the similarly named PIRs (also paired immunoglobulin-like receptors ), or the functionally-related SIRP and ILT/LILR/CD85/LIR family of receptors (2). While PIRs, ILTs and SIRPs contain three to six Ig‑like domains in their extracellular region, PILR-alpha and -beta show only one Ig-like region in their extracellular domain (ECD) (1-5). Human PILR-alpha is a monomeric, 55 kDa, 294 amino acid (aa) type I transmembrane (TM) glycoprotein (3-5). It contains a 178 aa ECD (aa 20-197), a 21 aa TM segment, and a long, 85 aa cytoplasmic region (aa 219-303). The ECD shows one V-type Ig-like domain between aa 32-150, while the cytoplasmic region contains two ITIMs (immunoreceptor Tyr-based inhibitory motifs) between aa 267-272 and 296-301. Given that ITIMs are known to interact with phosphatases such as PTPN6 and PTPN11, the presence of these motifs make mouse PILR-alpha an inhibitory receptor. Three potential isoforms for human PILR-alpha have been reported. The first contains a 24 aa substitution for aa 152‑303, a second possesses a 36 aa substitution for aa 264-303, and a third shows a deletion of aa 152-224 (6). The human PILR-alpha ECD shares 43% aa sequence identity with mouse PILR-alpha ECD, and 82% aa sequence identity with the ECD of human PILR-beta (3, 4).

PILR-alpha is expressed by neutrophils, macrophages, monocytes, mast cells, APCs, microglia, neurons, cardiac muscle and renal proximal plus pancreatic duct eipthelium (4, 7, 8). It has multiple binding partners, including CD99 (4, 9), glycoprotein B/gB of HSV-1 (7), PANP (PILR-associated neural protein) (8) and NPDC1 plus collectin-12 (10). Although PILR-alpha and -beta are related through gene duplication and highly similar in their ECD aa sequence, they do not necessarily share the same ligands (or binding partners), as PILR-beta fails to bind to gB and PANP (8, 10). Notably, PILR-alpha binding appears to be dependent upon the presence of a poorly-defined peptide sequence coupled to a sialylated, O-linked carbohydrate motif (5, 9-12). It is unclear what function(s) can be attributed to PILR-alpha . One possibility suggests that in the early stage of an immune response, PILR-beta predominates over PILR-alpha on the APC surface. Ligation of PILR-beta by CD99 induces IL-12 production and immune cell activation. But this ligation also up‑regulates PILR-alpha expression, and subsequent CD99:PILR‑ alpha engagement now promotes IL-27 production, with a concomitant increase in T cell IL-10 production, and a down‑regulation of the inflammatory response (10). Our Avi-tag Biotinylated PILR-alpha protein features biotinylation at a single site contained within the Avi-tag, a unique 15 amino acid peptide.  Protein orientation will be uniform when bound to streptavidin-coated surface due to the precise control of biotinylation and the rest of the protein is unchanged so there is no interference in the protein's bioactivity.

1. Wilson, M.D. et al. (2006) Physiol. Genomics 27:201.
2. Lanier, L.L. (2001) Curr. Opin. Immunol. 13:326.
3. Fournier, N. et al. (2000) J. Immunol. 165:1197.
4. Shiratori, I. et al. (2004) J. Exp. Med. 199:525.
5. Mousseau, D.D. et al. (2000) J. Biol. Chem. 275:4467.
6. SwissProt Accession # Q9UKJ1.
7. Tato, C.M. et al. (2012) PLoS ONE 7:e31680.
8. Satoh, T. et al. (2008) Cell 132:935.
9. Tabata, S. et al. (2008) J. Biol. Chem. 283:8893.
10. Sun, Y. et al. (2012) J. Biol. Chem. 287:15837.
11. Wang, J. et al. (2008) J. Biol. Chem. 180:1686.
12. Arii, J. et al. (2010) J. Virol. 84:10733.

Bioinformatics

• Uniprot:
  • Q9UKJ1.3()