Recombinant Human Integrin alpha 2b beta 3 Protein, CF

• Reactivity: Hu
• Applications: Bioactivity
• Format: Carrier-Free

Recombinant Human Integrin alpha 2b beta 3 Protein, CF Summary

• Details of Functionality: Measured by its binding ability in a functional ELISA. When Recombinant Human Integrin alpha 2b beta 3 is coated at 2 μg/mL, Human Fibronectin (Catalog # 1918-FN) binds with an apparent K_d <1 nM.
• Source: Chinese Hamster Ovary cell line, CHO-derived human Integrin alpha 2b beta 3 protein
  

  Human Integrin alpha 2b Leu32-Arg993 (R887L) Accession # P08514	GGGSGGGS	Acidic Tail	HHHHHH
  Human Integrin beta 3 (Gly27-Asp718) Accession # AAA52589	HP	GGGSGGGS	Basic Tail
  N-terminus			C-terminus

• Accession #: P08514 (Integrin alpha 2b) & AAA52589 (Integrin beta 3)
• N-terminal Sequence: Leu32 (Integrin alpha 2b) & Gly27 (Integrin beta 3)
• Structure / Form: Noncovalently-linked heterodimer
• Protein/Peptide Type: Recombinant Proteins
• Gene: ITGA2B
• Purity: >95%, by SDS-PAGE visualized with Silver Staining and quantitative densitometry by Coomassie® Blue Staining.
• Endotoxin Note: <1.0 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.

Applications/Dilutions

• Dilutions:
  • Bioactivity
• Theoretical MW: 113.6 kDa (Integrin alpha 2b) & 84.8 kDa (Integrin beta 3).
  Disclaimer note: The observed molecular weight of the protein may vary from the listed predicted molecular weight due to post translational modifications, post translation cleavages, relative charges, and other experimental factors.
• SDS-PAGE: 140-150 kDa & 110-120 kDa, reducing conditions

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
• Buffer: Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with Trehalose.
• Purity: >95%, by SDS-PAGE visualized with Silver Staining and quantitative densitometry by Coomassie® Blue Staining.
• Reconstitution Instructions: Reconstitute at 200 μg/mL in PBS.

Notes

This product is produced by and ships from R&D Systems, Inc., a Bio-Techne brand.

Alternate Names for Recombinant Human Integrin alpha 2b beta 3 Protein, CF

• BDPLT16;BDPLT2;CD41;CD41B;GP2B;GPIIb;GT;GT1;GTA;HPA3;Integrin alpha-IIb;ITGA2B;PPP1R93
• Integrin alpha 2b beta 3

Background

Integrin alpha 2b beta 3 (also alpha IIb beta 3 or GPIIbIIIa) is the only alpha 2b integrin and shares the beta 3 subunit only with alpha V beta 3 (1‑3). It is the non‑covalent heterodimer of type I transmembrane subunits, alpha 2b/CD41 (present as a disulfide‑linked complex of 114 kDa heavy and 22 kDa light chains) and 93 kDa beta 3/CD61 (1‑3). It is the most abundant integrin expressed by megakaryocytes and platelets, both on the surface and within alpha granules (1, 2). Deficiencies of alpha 2b beta 3 produce Glanzmann thrombasthenia, a potentially serious bleeding disorder (4). In its constitutively inactive state, alpha 2b beta 3 is flexed within the extracellular domains. Activation, either by intracellular signaling or by Mg²⁺ or Mn²⁺ binding, extends the integrin to expose the ligand binding site created by interaction of the beta 3 vWFA domain with the alpha 2b  beta ‑propeller structure (1). The 962 aa human alpha 2b ECD shares 78‑83% aa sequence identity with mouse, rat, canine, equine and porcine  alpha 2b while the 685 aa human  beta 3 ECD shares 95% aa identity with horse and dog, and 89‑92% aa identity with mouse, rat and porcine beta 3. It is unclear whether splice variants of beta 3 that differ in the cytoplasmic domain are expressed significantly in platelets (5‑7). However, platelet expression of a beta 3 splice variant that produces a soluble 60 kDa beta 3 isoform, and an alpha 2b isoform lacking aa 948‑982, have been reported (7, 8). Active cell surface alpha 2b beta 3 adheres to fibrinogen, mediating platelet/platelet interactions that initiate a cascade of platelet activation and aggregation, extracellular matrix adhesion, formation of thrombi and clot retraction (1). It also binds matrix proteins that have an RGD motif, including fibronectin, plasminogen, prothrombin, thrombospondin and vitronectin (1, 2). Targeting of alpha 2b beta 3 by therapeutic antibodies or small molecules can inhibit formation of thrombi in patients with acute coronary syndrome, and potentially inhibits tumor angiogenesis and metastasis by blocking interaction of platelet alpha 2b beta 3 with tumor cells (1, 9).

1. Kasirer-Friede, A. et al. (2007) Immunol. Rev. 218:247.
2. Poncz, M. et al. (1987) J. Biol. Chem. 262:8476.
3. Fitzgerald, L.A. et al. (1987) J. Biol. Chem. 262:3936.
4. Franchini, M. et al. (2010) Clin. Chim. Acta 411:1.
5. Kumar, C. S. et al. (1987) J. Biol. Chem. 272:16390.
6. van Kuppevelt, H. et al. (1989) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 86:5415.
7. Djaffar, I. et al. (1994) Biochem. J. 300:67.
8. Bray, P.F. et al. (1990) J. Biol. Chem. 265:9587.
9. Erpenbeck, L. and M.P. Schon (2010) Blood 115:3427.

Publications for Integrin alpha 2b beta 3 (7148-A2)(3)

Publications using 7148-A2

• S Bhatnagar, E Khera, J Liao, V Eniola, Y Hu, DE Smith, GM Thurber Oral and Subcutaneous Administration of a Near-Infrared Fluorescent Molecular Imaging Agent Detects Inflammation in a Mouse Model of Rheumatoid Arthritis Sci Rep, 2019-03-12;9(1):4661. 2019-03-12 [PMID: 30858419] (Binding Assay, Human)
• KH Koh, Y Cao, S Mangos, NJ Tardi, RR Dande, HW Lee, B Samelko, MM Altintas, VP Schmitz, H Lee, K Mukherjee, V Peev, DJ Cimbaluk, J Reiser, E Hahm Nonimmune cell-derived ICOS ligand functions as a renoprotective alphavbeta3 integrin-selective antagonist J. Clin. Invest., 2019-03-18;129(4):1713-1726. 2019-03-18 [PMID: 30747722] (Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR, Human)
• Kwon I, Hong S, Kim Y, Nam H, Kang S, Yang S, Heo J Thrombolytic effects of the snake venom disintegrin saxatilin determined by novel assessment methods: a FeCl3-induced thrombosis model in mice. PLoS ONE, 2013-11-18;8(11):e81165. 2013-11-18 [PMID: 24260554] (Binding Assay)

Bioinformatics

• Gene Symbol: ITGA2B
• Uniprot:
  • P08514 (Integrin alpha 2b) & AAA52589 (Integrin beta 3)()