Recombinant Human FLRG Protein, CF

• Reactivity: Hu
• Applications: Bioactivity
• Format: Carrier-Free

Recombinant Human FLRG Protein, CF Summary

• Details of Functionality: Measured by its ability to neutralize Activin-mediated erythroid differentiation of K562 human chronic myelogenous leukemia cells. The ED₅₀ for this effect is 3-15 ng/mL in the presence of 7.5 ng/mL recombinant human Activin A.
• Source: Mouse myeloma cell line, NS0-derived human Follistatin-related Gene Protein/FLRG protein
  Met27-Val263, with a C-terminal 6-His tag
• Accession #: O95633
• N-terminal Sequence: Met27
• Protein/Peptide Type: Recombinant Proteins
• Gene: FSTL3
• Purity: >90%, by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by silver stain
• Endotoxin Note: <0.10 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.

Applications/Dilutions

• Dilutions:
  • Bioactivity
• Theoretical MW: 26 kDa.
  Disclaimer note: The observed molecular weight of the protein may vary from the listed predicted molecular weight due to post translational modifications, post translation cleavages, relative charges, and other experimental factors.
• SDS-PAGE: 38 kDa, reducing conditions

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
• Buffer: Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS.
• Purity: >90%, by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by silver stain
• Reconstitution Instructions: Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile PBS.

Notes

This product is produced by and ships from R&D Systems, Inc., a Bio-Techne brand.

Alternate Names for Recombinant Human FLRG Protein, CF

• FLRG
• FLRGFSRP
• follistatin-like 3 (secreted glycoprotein)
• Follistatin-like 3
• Follistatin-like protein 3
• Follistatin-related gene protein
• follistatin-related protein 3
• FSTL3

Background

Follistatin-related gene protein (FLRG), also known as follistatin-like 3 (FSTL3) is a glycoprotein belonging to the follistatin-module protein family. Human FLRG cDNA encodes a 263 amino acid (aa) residue protein with a putative 26 aa signal peptide, an N-terminal domain, two cysteine-rich follistatin-like domains (FS) and a C‑terminal acidic domain. Compared to follistatin, FLRG lacks the third FS domain found in follistatin. In addition, FLRG also lacks the heparin-binding domain found within the first amino-terminal FS domain of follistatin. Mouse and human FLRG share approximately 83% aa sequence homology. Like follistatin, FLRG has been shown to bind and inhibit the activities of TGF-beta family ligands including activin, BMP-2, -6, -7 and GDF-8/myostatin. While both FLRG and follistatin are located in a wide and overlapping range of adult and fetal tissue, their sites of peak expression differ: FLRG most highly in heart, lung, kidney, placenta and testis, while follistatin is highest in ovary and pituitary. The expression of FLRG is upregulated by TGF-beta  and activin signaling through Smad proteins. Although FLRG is a secreted protein in many cell types, it has also been localized to the nuclear compartment in HeLa, 293 and CHO cells (1 - 5).

1. Tsuchida, K. et al. (2000) J. Biol. Chem. 275:40778.
2. Sidis, Y. et al. (2002) Endocrinology 143:1613.
3. Tortoriello, D.V. et al. (2001) Endocrinology 142:3426.
4. Hill, J. et al. (2002) J. Biol. Chem. 277:40735.
5. Bartholin, L. et al. (2001) Oncogene 20:5409.

Publications for Follistatin-related Gene Protein/FLRG/Fstl3 (1288-F3/CF)(5)

Publications using 1288-F3/CF

• RG Walker, M Czepnik, EJ Goebel, JC McCoy, A Vujic, M Cho, J Oh, S Aykul, KL Walton, G Schang, DJ Bernard, AP Hinck, CA Harrison, E Martinez-H, AJ Wagers, RT Lee, TB Thompson Structural basis for potency differences between GDF8 and GDF11 BMC Biol, 2017-03-03;15(1):19. 2017-03-03 [PMID: 28257634] (Bioassay, Human)
• Nanda S, Savvidou M, Syngelaki A, Akolekar R, Nicolaides KH Prediction of gestational diabetes mellitus by maternal factors and biomarkers at 11 to 13 weeks. Prenat. Diagn., 2010-12-28;31(2):135-41. 2010-12-28 [PMID: 21268030] (ELISA (Standard))
• Miron P, Lambert J, Marcil A, Cowans NJ, Stamatopoulou A, Spencer K Maternal plasma levels of follistatin-related gene protein in the first trimester of pregnancies with Down syndrome. Prenat. Diagn., 2010-03-01;30(3):224-8. 2010-03-01 [PMID: 20063262] (ELISA (Standard))
• Jeanpierre S, Nicolini FE, Kaniewski B, Dumontet C, Rimokh R, Puisieux A, Maguer-Satta V BMP4 regulation of human megakaryocytic differentiation is involved in thrombopoietin signaling. Blood, 2008-07-29;112(8):3154-63. 2008-07-29 [PMID: 18664625] (Bioassay, Human)
• Butler GS, Dean RA, Tam EM, Overall CM Pharmacoproteomics of a metalloproteinase hydroxamate inhibitor in breast cancer cells: dynamics of membrane type 1 matrix metalloproteinase-mediated membrane protein shedding. Mol. Cell. Biol., 2008-05-27;28(15):4896-914. 2008-05-27 [PMID: 18505826] (Bioassay, Human)

Bioinformatics

• Gene Symbol: FSTL3
• Uniprot:
  • O95633()