NKG2C/CD159c/KLRC2 Antibody (134591) [Allophycocyanin]

Human peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) lymphocytes were stained with Mouse Anti-Human NCAM-1/CD56 PE-conjugated Monoclonal Antibody (Catalog # FAB2408P) and either (A) Mouse Anti-Human NKG2C/CD159c APC-conjugated Monoclonal Antibody (Catalog # FAB138A) or (B) Mouse IgG1Allophycocyanin Isotype Control (Catalog # IC002A). View our protocol for Staining Membrane-associated Proteins.

Cell surface expression of NKG2C and gene expression of CD57+NKG2C+ NK cells in healthy subjects and HIV-1 chronically infected individuals. a Flow cytometric gating strategy of sorted CD57+NKG2C+ NK cells. b Graphical analysis of frequency of CD57+NKG2C+ NK cells in healthy (black) and HIV-1-infected individuals (red). Mann–Whitney test was used to determine significance between frequencies of each group. c Volcano plot displaying upregulated (red), downregulated (blue), and stably expressed (gray) pre-selected genes, involved in NK cell-mediated responses to HIV-1 infection. Size of each data point is calculated as −log10(p-value) × log2(FC), p-value cutoff p 2 or 2 or <1/2. Transcriptional analysis from 11 vaccinated individuals and 1 independent experiment is represented Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//www.nature.com/articles/s41467-018-03618-w), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

Distribution of CD57+NKG2C+ NK frequencies in different groups. Flow cytometry was done on PBMC to assess CD57+NKG2C+ NK frequency by gating on lymphocytes, excluding CD3+ cells, gating on CD56dim cells, and plotting NKG2C versus CD57 expression. Horizontal lines bisecting groups represent medians with IQR shown above and below them. Significant differences between medians are shown above lines spanning the groups compared. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27314055), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

Frequency of responding NK cells across multiple stimulation conditions. a Top row: overall successive gating strategy demonstrates initial broad gating on forward and side scatter to include large lymphocytes. Forward area and height are used to discriminate single cells followed by identification of viable cells. Monocytes and B cells are excluded using CD14 and CD19, and T cells are excluded using CD3 and CD4. Bottom row: CD56 and CD16 are used to identify NK cells and changes in CD16 expression across stimulation conditions. Black gate is the total NK population and red gate is CD56 dim population. b A univariate analysis of the frequency of CD107a, INF-gamma , TNF, granzyme B, perforin, and eomesodermin expression from the total NK cell population as well as CD57 and CD8 expression are shown. c Pie charts of classic Boolean analysis of five functional markers measured (CD107a, IFN-gamma , TNF, granzyme B, and perforin). Comparison of pies and nonparametric partial permutation tests (Monte Carlo simulation) are performed to determine statistical significance between pies (p-value < 0.0001)69. d Graph of classic Boolean analysis of five functional markers measured. Four healthy subjects from four independent experiments in each stimulation condition are included. CD107a, IFN-gamma , and TNF are mock subtracted (i.e., stimulated condition − unstimulated result). Black bars represent the standard error mean (SEM) for each stimulation condition calculated as the variance of the sampling distribution obtained, equal to the variance of the population divided by the sample size Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//www.nature.com/articles/s41467-018-03618-w), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

• Reactivity: Hu
• Applications: Flow
• Clone: 134591
• Clonality: Monoclonal
• Host: Mouse
• Conjugate: Allophycocyanin

NKG2C/CD159c/KLRC2 Antibody (134591) [Allophycocyanin] Summary

• Immunogen: BaF3 mouse pro-B cell line transfected with human NKG2C/CD159c and CD94
• Specificity: Detects human NKG2C/CD159c heterodimer with CD94 in flow cytometry. It does not cross-react with the human NKG2A/CD94 heterodimer or with the human CD94 homodimer.
• Source: N/A
• Isotype: IgG1
• Clonality: Monoclonal
• Host: Mouse
• Gene: KLRC2
• Purity Statement: Protein A or G purified from hybridoma culture supernatant

Applications/Dilutions

• Dilutions:
  • Flow Cytometry 10 uL/10^6 cells

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Protect from light. Do not freeze.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, 2 to 8 °C as supplied.
• Buffer: Supplied in a saline solution containing BSA and Sodium Azide.
• Preservative: Sodium Azide

Notes

This product is produced by and ships from R&D Systems, Inc., a Bio-Techne brand.

Alternate Names for NKG2C/CD159c/KLRC2 Antibody (134591) [Allophycocyanin]

• CD159 antigen-like family member C
• CD159c antigen
• CD159c
• killer cell lectin-like receptor subfamily C, member 2
• KLRC2
• MGC138244
• NK cell receptor C
• NKG2-C type II integral membrane protein
• NKG2C
• NKG2-C
• NKG2CNKG2-C-activating NK receptor

Background

Human NKG2C (NK cell Group 2 isoform C; Killer cell lectin-like receptor subfamily C, member 2) is a member of the C-type lectin-like superfamily of proteins. Natural killer (NK) receptors are expressed in both NK cells and cytotoxic CD8⁺ T cells and have both activating and inhibitory members (1-3). Regulation of the balance between the activating and inhibitory receptors is important and lack of such regulation has been implicated in autoimmunity (4). The NKG2 family includes seven receptors: NKG2A, -B, -C, -D, -E, -F, and -H, which is the longer isoform of NKG2E. Except for NKG2D and NKG2F, the NKG2 family members form heterodimers with CD94 (5, 6). NKG2C interacts with the adapter molecule DAP12 and acts as activating receptor when heterodimerized with CD94 (7). Human NKG2C is synthesized as a 231 amino acid (aa) protein that includes a 70 aa cytoplasmic domain, a 23 aa transmembrane segment, and a 138 aa extracellular domain (ECD). Within the ECD, human NKG2C shares 40% sequence identity with mouse NKG2C. NKG2C-CD94 heterodimers bind to the widely expressed nonclassical MHC-I molecule, HLA-E (Qa-1b in mouse), which presents a peptide derived from the signal peptide of classical MHC-I molecules (8, 9). Triggering the NKG2C-CD94 complex may activate the cytolytic activity and cytokine production of NK and CD8⁺ T cells (8, 10). Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection promotes the differentiation and expansion of NKG2C⁺ NK cell subsets, possibly involving a cognate interaction of CD94/NKG2C with ligand(s) displayed by HCMV‑infected cells (11, 12).

1. Orbelyan, G.A. et al. (2014) J. Immunol. 193:610.
2. Tassi I. et al. (2006) Immnunol Rev. 214:92.
3. Lanier, L.L. (2008) Nat. Immunol. 9:495.
4. Schleinitz, N. et al. (2010) Immunology. 174:2878.
5. Lopez-Botet, M. et al. (2000) Hum. Immunol. 61:7.
6. Braud, V.M. et al. (1998) Nature. 391:795.
7. Lanier, L.L. (1998) Immunity 8:693.
8. Vance, R.E. et al. (1999) J Exp Med 190:1801.
9. Kaiser B.K. et al. (2005) J Immunol 174:2878.
10. Bellón T. et al. (1999) J Immunol 162:3996.
11. Pupuleku A. et al. (2017) Front Immunol. 8:1317.
12. Hammer Q. et al. (2018) Nat Immunol. 19:453.

Limitations

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.

Publications for NKG2C/CD159c/KLRC2 Antibody (FAB138A)(20)

Publications using FAB138A

• Santos, AJM;van Unen, V;Lin, Z;Chirieleison, SM;Ha, N;Batish, A;Chan, JE;Cedano, J;Zhang, ET;Mu, Q;Guh-Siesel, A;Tomaske, M;Colburg, D;Varma, S;Choi, SS;Christophersen, A;Baghdasaryan, A;Yost, KE;Karlsson, K;Ha, A;Li, J;Dai, H;Sellers, ZM;Chang, HY;Dunn, JCY;Zhang, BM;Mellins, ED;Sollid, LM;Fernandez-Becker, NQ;Davis, MM;Kuo, CJ; A human autoimmune organoid model reveals IL-7 function in coeliac disease Nature 2024-07-24 [PMID: 39048815] (Flow Cytometry, Human)
• Palamarchuk, AI;Kovalenko, EI;Streltsova, MA; The hTERT and iCasp9 Transgenes Affect EOMES and T-BET Levels in NK Cells and the Introduction of Both Genes Improves NK Cell Proliferation in Response to IL2 and IL15 Stimulation Biomedicines 2024-03-14 [PMID: 38540262] (Flow Cytometry, Human)
• Boudreau, CM;Burke, JS;Yousif, AS;Sangesland, M;Jastrzebski, S;Verschoor, C;Kuchel, G;Lingwood, D;Kleanthous, H;De Bruijn, I;Landolfi, V;Sridhar, S;Alter, G; Antibody-mediated NK cell activation as a correlate of immunity against influenza infection Nature communications 2023-08-24 [PMID: 37620306] (Flow Cytometry, Human)
• SJ Choi, JY Koh, MS Rha, IH Seo, H Lee, S Jeong, SH Park, EC Shin KIR+CD8+ and NKG2A+CD8+ T�cells are distinct innate-like populations in humans Cell Reports, 2023-03-09;42(3):112236. 2023-03-09 [PMID: 36897779] (Flow Cytometry, Human)
• R Chimienti, T Baccega, S Torchio, F Manenti, S Pellegrini, A Cospito, A Amabile, MT Lombardo, P Monti, V Sordi, A Lombardo, M Malnati, L Piemonti Engineering of immune checkpoints B7-H3 and CD155 enhances immune compatibility of MHC-I-/- iPSCs for beta cell replacement Cell Reports, 2022-09-27;40(13):111423. 2022-09-27 [PMID: 36170817] (Flow Cytometry, Human)
• Avishai Shemesh, Yapeng Su, Daniel R. Calabrese, Daniel Chen, Janice Arakawa-Hoyt, Kole T. Roybal et al. Diminished cell proliferation promotes natural killer cell adaptive-like phenotype by limiting Fc epsilon RI gamma expression Journal of Experimental Medicine 11/7/2022 [PMID: 36066491]
• A Teramo, A Binatti, E Ciabatti, G Schiavoni, G Tarrini, G Barilà, G Calabretto, C Vicenzetto, VR Gasparini, M Facco, I Petrini, R Grossi, N Pisanti, S Bortoluzzi, B Falini, E Tiacci, S Galimberti, G Semenzato, R Zambello Defining TCRgammadelta lymphoproliferative disorders by combined immunophenotypic and molecular evaluation Nature Communications, 2022-06-08;13(1):3298. 2022-06-08 [PMID: 35676278] (Flow Cytometry, Human)
• IA Ariyanto, R Estiasari, B Karim, IP Wijaya, B Bela, A Soebandrio, P Price, S Lee Which NK cell populations mark the high burden of CMV present in all HIV patients beginning ART in Indonesia? AIDS research and therapy, 2022-03-15;19(1):16. 2022-03-15 [PMID: 35292053] (Flow Cytometry, Human)
• S Waters, S Lee, A Irish, P Price Challenging the Conventional Interpretation of HCMV Seronegativity Microorganisms, 2021-11-18;9(11):. 2021-11-18 [PMID: 34835508] (Flow Cytometry, Human)
• S Pascual-Gu, M Ataya, I Ramírez-Ma, J Yélamos, R Chalela, S Bellido, M López-Bote, J Gea Adaptive NKG2C+ natural killer cells are related to exacerbations and nutritional abnormalities in COPD patients Respir. Res., 2020-03-04;21(1):63. 2020-03-04 [PMID: 32131843] (Flow Cytometry, Human)
• Polidy Pean, Janin Nouhin, Meng Ratana, Yoann Madec, Laurence Borand, Olivier Marcy et al. High Activation of gamma δ T Cells and the gamma δ2pos T-Cell Subset Is Associated With the Onset of Tuberculosis-Associated Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome, ANRS 12153 CAPRI NK Frontiers in Immunology 8/27/2019 [PMID: 31507608]
• TM Campbell, BP McSharry, M Steain, TA Russell, DC Tscharke, JJ Kennedy, B Slobedman, A Abendroth Functional paralysis of human natural killer cells by alphaherpesviruses PLoS Pathog., 2019-06-13;15(6):e1007784. 2019-06-13 [PMID: 31194857] (Flow Cytometry, Human)
• N Newhook, N Fudge, M Grant NK cells generate memory-type responses to human cytomegalovirus-infected fibroblasts Eur. J. Immunol., 2017-05-23;0(0):. 2017-05-23 [PMID: 28475279] (Flow Cytometry, Human)
• John Heath NKG2C(+)CD57(+) Natural Killer Cell Expansion Parallels Cytomegalovirus-Specific CD8(+) T Cell Evolution towards Senescence J Immunol Res, 2016-05-29;2016(0):7470124. 2016-05-29 [PMID: 27314055] (Flow Cytometry, Human)
• Nielsen C, White M, Bottomley C, Lusa C, Rodriguez-Galan A, Turner S, Goodier M, Riley E Impaired NK Cell Responses to Pertussis and H1N1 Influenza Vaccine Antigens in Human Cytomegalovirus-Infected Individuals. J Immunol, 2015-04-08;194(10):4657-67. 2015-04-08 [PMID: 25855356] (Flow Cytometry, Human)
• Dimova T, Brouwer M, Gosselin F, Tassignon J, Leo O, Donner C, Marchant A, Vermijlen D Effector Vgamma9Vdelta2 T cells dominate the human fetal gammadelta T-cell repertoire. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2015-01-23;112(6):E556-65. 2015-01-23 [PMID: 25617367] (Flow Cytometry, Human)
• Golden-Mason L, McMahan R, Strong M, Reisdorph R, Mahaffey S, Palmer B, Cheng L, Kulesza C, Hirashima M, Niki T, Rosen H Galectin-9 functionally impairs natural killer cells in humans and mice. J Virol, 2013-02-13;87(9):4835-45. 2013-02-13 [PMID: 23408620] (Flow Cytometry, Human)
• Charoudeh H, Terszowski G, Czaja K, Gonzalez A, Schmitter K, Stern M Modulation of the natural killer cell KIR repertoire by cytomegalovirus infection. Eur J Immunol, 2012-12-12;43(2):480-7. 2012-12-12 [PMID: 23161492] (Flow Cytometry, Human)
• Bottger E, Multhoff G, Kun JF, Esen M Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes induce granzyme B by NK cells through expression of host-Hsp70. PLoS ONE, 2012-03-15;7(3):e33774. 2012-03-15 [PMID: 22438997] (Flow Cytometry, Human)
• Alici E, Sutlu T, Bjorkstrand B, Gilljam M, Stellan B, Nahi H, Quezada HC, Gahrton G, Ljunggren HG, Dilber MS Autologous antitumor activity by NK cells expanded from myeloma patients using GMP-compliant components. Blood, 2008-01-11;111(6):3155-62. 2008-01-11 [PMID: 18192509] (Flow Cytometry, Human)

Bioinformatics

• Gene Symbol: KLRC2