Kynurenine 3-Monooxygenase/KMO Antibody (2493A) [Unconjugated]

Western blot shows lysates of mouse liver tissue, rat spleen tissue, and MDA‑MB‑453 human breast cancer cell line. PVDF membrane was probed with 1 µg/mL of Rabbit Anti-Human/Mouse/Rat Kynurenine 3-Monooxygenase/KMO Monoclonal Antibody (Catalog # MAB8050) followed by HRP-conjugated Anti-Rabbit IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog # HAF008). A specific band was detected for Kynurenine 3-Monooxygenase/KMO at approximately 55 kDa (as indicated). This experiment was conducted under reducing conditions and using Immunoblot Buffer Group 1.

Kynurenine 3-Monooxygenase/KMO was detected in immersion fixed paraffin-embedded sections of human placenta using Rabbit Anti-Human/Mouse/Rat Kynurenine 3-Monooxygenase/KMO Monoclonal Antibody (Catalog # MAB8050) at 3 µg/mL for 1 hour at room temperature followed by incubation with the Anti-Rabbit IgG VisUCyte™ HRP Polymer Antibody (Catalog # VC003). Before incubation with the primary antibody, tissue was subjected to heat-induced epitope retrieval using Antigen Retrieval Reagent-Basic (Catalog # CTS013). Tissue was stained using DAB (brown) and counterstained with hematoxylin (blue). Specific staining was localized to cytoplasm in syncytiotrophoblast cells. View our protocol for IHC Staining with VisUCyte HRP Polymer Detection Reagents.

• Reactivity: Hu, Mu, Rt
• Applications: WB, IHC
• Clone: 2493A
• Clonality: Monoclonal
• Host: Rabbit
• Conjugate: Unconjugated

Kynurenine 3-Monooxygenase/KMO Antibody (2493A) [Unconjugated] Summary

• Additional Information: Recombinant Monoclonal Antibody.
• Immunogen: S. frugiperda insect ovarian cell line Sf 21-derived recombinant human Kynurenine 3-Monooxygenase/KMO
  Asp2-Leu441
  Accession # O15229
• Specificity: Detects human Kynurenine 3-Monooxygenase/KMO in direct ELISAs. Detects human, mouse, and rat Kynurenine 3-Monooxygenase/KMO in Western blot.
• Source: N/A
• Isotype: IgG
• Clonality: Monoclonal
• Host: Rabbit
• Purity Statement: Protein A or G purified from cell culture supernatant

Applications/Dilutions

• Dilutions:
  • Immunohistochemistry 3-25 ug/mL
  • Western Blot 1 ug/mL

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
• Buffer: Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with Trehalose. *Small pack size (SP) is supplied either lyophilized or as a 0.2 µm filtered solution in PBS.
• Reconstitution Instructions: Reconstitute at 0.5 mg/mL in sterile PBS.

Notes

This product is produced by and ships from R&D Systems, Inc., a Bio-Techne brand.

Alternate Names for Kynurenine 3-Monooxygenase/KMO Antibody (2493A) [Unconjugated]

• KMO
• kynurenine 3-monooxygenase (kynurenine 3-hydroxylase)
• Kynurenine 3Monooxygenase
• Kynurenine 3-Monooxygenase

Background

Kynurenine 3-Monooxygenase (KMO), also known as Kynurenine 3-Hydroxylase, is a part of the kynurenine pathway of tryptophan degradation (1). KMO catalyzes the NADPH- and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)-dependent 3-hydroxylation of kynurenine to 3-hydroxykynurenine (3-HK). 3-HK is neurotoxic via the generation of hydrogen peroxide (2) and through the excitotoxic effects of its downstream metabolite quinolinic acid (3). The levels of 3-HK and quinolinic acid are increased in the brain with Alzheimer's disease and Huntington's disease (1). Inhibition of KMO was shown to reverse cognitive and motor deficits in mouse models of those diseases via an increase in neuroprotective kynurenic acid (4). KMO is found in the mitochondrial outer membrane of microglial cells in the brain and dendritic cells and macrophages in the periphery (1). 

1. Schwarcz, R. et al. (2012) Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 13:465.
2. Okuda, S. et al. (1996) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 93:12553.
3. Stone, T.W. and M.N. Perkins. (1981) Eur. J. Pharmacol. 72:411.
4. Zwilling, D. et al. (2011) Cell 145:863.

Limitations

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.

Bioinformatics

• Uniprot:
  • O15229()