ILT4/CD85d/LILRB2 Antibody [Alexa Fluor™ Plus 488]

• Reactivity: Hu
• Clonality: Polyclonal
• Host: Goat
• Conjugate: Alexa Fluor Plus 488

ILT4/CD85d/LILRB2 Antibody [Alexa Fluor™ Plus 488] Summary

• Specificity: Detects human LILRB2/CD85d/ILT4 in direct ELISAs and Western blots. In direct ELISAs and Western blots, approximately
  35% cross-reactivity with recombinant human (rh) ILT2 is observed and 5% cross-reactivity with rhILT5 is observed.
• Isotype: IgG
• Clonality: Polyclonal
• Host: Goat

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Protect from light. Do not freeze. 12 months from date of receipt, 2 to 8 °C as supplied
• Buffer: Supplied 0.2 mg/mL in a saline solution containing BSA and Sodium Azide.

Notes

This product is produced by and ships from R&D Systems, Inc., a Bio-Techne brand.

Alternate Names for ILT4/CD85d/LILRB2 Antibody [Alexa Fluor™ Plus 488]

• CD85 antigen-like family member D
• CD85d antigen
• CD85d
• Ig-like transcript 4
• ILT4
• ILT-4
• ILT4CD85d
• Immunoglobulin-like transcript 4
• Leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor 2
• leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor subfamily B member 2 soluble isoform
• leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor subfamily B member 2
• leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor, subfamily B (with TM and ITIM domains)
• LILRB2
• LIR2
• LIR2CD85D
• LIR-2subfamily A (with TM domain), member 6
• member 2
• MIR10
• MIR10LILRA6
• Monocyte/macrophage immunoglobulin-like receptor 10

Background

The immunoglobulin-like transcript (ILT) comprise a family of activating and inhibitory type immunoreceptors whose genes are located in the same locus that encodes killer cell Ig-like receptors (KIR) (1‑3). ILT4, also known as LIR-2 and LILRB2, is a type I transmembrane protein expressed primarily on monocytes and dendritic cells (DC) (4). Human ILT4 is produced as a 598 amino acid (aa) precursor including a 21 aa signal sequence, a 440 aa extracellular domain (ECD), a 21 aa transmembrane segment, and a 116 aa cytoplasmic domain. The ECD contains four Ig-like domains, and the cytoplasmic domain contains three immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs (ITIM) (5). The ECD of human ILT4 shares 76% aa identity with chimpanzee ILT4 and 74%, 81%, 33%, 52%, 77%, 61%, and 64% aa identity with human ILT1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, and 8, respectively. ILT4 binds to classical MHC I proteins as well as the non-classical HLA-G1 and HLA-F molecules (5‑9). It competes with CD8 alpha for MHC I binding but does not compete with KIR2DL1 (7). Ligation of ILT4 induces Tyr phosphorylation within its cytoplasmic ITIMs, a requirement for association with SHP-1 (4, 6). Activation of ILT4 inhibits signaling through Fc gamma RI (4) and Fc epsilon RI (6) and causes DC to become tolerogenic by down-regulation of
co-stimulatory molecules (10, 11). ILT4 mediates tolerogenic DC-induced CD4⁺ T cell energy in vitro and in vivo (10‑12).

1. Suciu-Foca, N. et al. (2005) Int. Immunopharmacol. 5:7. 
2. Hofmeister, V. and E.H. Weiss (2003) Semin. Canc. Biol. 13:317. 
3. Hunt, J.S. et al. (2005) FASEB J. 19:681. 
4. Finger, N.A. et al. (1998) Eur. J. Immunol. 28:3423. 
5. Borges, L. et al. (1997) J. Immunol. 159:5192. 
6. Colonna, M. et al. (1998) J. Immunol. 160:3096. 
7. Shiroishi, M. et al. (2003) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 100:8856.
8. Lepin, E.J.M. et al. (2000) Eur. J. Immunol. 30:3552.
9. Allen, R.L. et al. (2001) J. Immunol. 167:5543.
10. Chang, C.C. et al. (2002) Nat. Immunol. 3:237.
11. Ristich, V. et al. (2005) Eur. J. Immunol. 35:1133.
12. Manavalan, J.S. et al. (2003) Transpl. Immunol. 11:245.

Limitations

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.