Human CD14 DuoSet ELISA, 15 Plate

• Reactivity: Hu
• Applications: ELISA
• Conjugate: Biotin

Human CD14 DuoSet ELISA, 15 Plate Summary

• Source: N/A
• Assay Type: Solid Phase Sandwich ELISA
• Inter-Assay: See PDF Datasheet for details
• Intra-Assay: See PDF Datasheet for details
• Spike Recovery: See PDF Datasheet for details
• Sample Volume: See PDF Datasheet for details
• Gene: CD14

Applications/Dilutions

• Dilutions:
  • ELISA
• Application Notes: No significant interference observed with available related molecules.

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Store the unopened product at 2 - 8 °C. Do not use past expiration date.

Notes

This product is produced by and ships from R&D Systems, Inc., a Bio-Techne brand.

Alternate Names for Human CD14 DuoSet ELISA, 15 Plate

• CD14 antigen
• CD14 molecule
• CD14
• monocyte differentiation antigen CD14
• Myeloid cell-specific leucine-rich glycoprotein

Background

CD14 is a glycoprotein that mediates the interaction of lipopolysaccharide (LPS, endotoxin) with cells, thereby signaling the presence of gram-negative bacteria (1-3). CD14 is either soluble (CD14) (4, 5) or membrane-bound (mCD14) by a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor (6, 7). mCD14 is a 55 kDa glycoprotein (1), while CD14 varies from about 43 to 53 kDa, depending on the degree of glycosylation and whether it was synthesized without the anchor or was shed by phospholipase cleavage of the anchor or by proteolysis (12-14). There is no evidence for different mRNAs for m- and CD14. There is no apparent sequence homology with other proteins. The sequence of human CD14 is 63-73% identical to that of mouse, rat, or rabbit CD14 (15). 

mCD14 is expressed primarily on myeloid cells, such as monocytes, macrophages and neutrophils (1-3), the cells most sensitive to LPS, and to a lesser extent on other cells, such as B cells (8) and a circulating dendritic cell progenitor (9). CD14 appears to mediate LPS stimulation of cells that do not express mCD14 (10, 11), such as endothelial, epithelial and smooth-muscle cells. CD14 is found in both serum and urine (5).  

The binding of LPS to CD14 requires an acute phase protein, LPS-binding protein (LBP) (16). The relationship of mCD14, CD14, LPS and LBP is complicated. At low concentrations of LPS, LBP is essential for the binding of LPS to CD14, but at high concentrations, LBP may actually inhibit binding of LPS to CD14. In addition, CD14 may compete with mCD14 for LPS (17) and may serve to help clear LPS (18). These four factors thus appear to participate in a complex feedback mechanism of immune regulation involving both up-regulation and down-regulation of the inflammatory process triggered by LPS. It is loss of control of this mechanism that appears to lead to septic shock. LPS-bound CD14 signals production of inflammatory cytokines and other inflammatory proteins, but the mechanism of signal transduction is unclear. Since a GPI anchor is not transmembrane, there presumably is another transmembrane protein on cells through which LPS-bound CD14 transmits a signal (19). 

In addition to its well known role in gram-negative infections, CD14 likely serves other functions as well. It recognizes soluble peptidylglycan from gram-positive cell walls (20), and it has been reported to bind apoptotic cells and induce their phagocytosis (21).

Publications for CD14 (DY383)(34)

Publications using DY383

• Orban, B;Simon, D;Erd?-Bonyár, S;Berki, T;Molnár, T;Závori, L;Schwarcz, A;Péterfi, Z;Csécsei, P; Effects of Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Patients Without In-Hospital Infection on FABP-I, LBP, and sCD-14 International journal of molecular sciences 2025-01-08 [PMID: 39859200] (Human)
• Lengvenyte, A;Cognasse, F;Hamzeh-Cognasse, H;Sénèque, M;Strumila, R;Olié, E;Courtet, P; Baseline circulating biomarkers, their changes, and subsequent suicidal ideation and depression severity at 6 months: A prospective analysis in patients with mood disorders Psychoneuroendocrinology 2024-07-06 [PMID: 39003840] (Human)
• Grannes, H;Ueland, T;Simeone, P;Liani, R;Guagnano, MT;Aukrust, P;Michelsen, AE;Birkeland, K;di Castelnuovo, A;Cipollone, F;Consoli, A;Halvorsen, B;Gregersen, I;Santilli, F; Liraglutide and not lifestyle intervention reduces soluble CD163 after comparable weight loss in obese participants with prediabetes or type 2 diabetes mellitus Cardiovascular diabetology 2024-04-29 [PMID: 38685051] (Human)
• Giron, LB;Liu, Q;Adeniji, OS;Yin, X;Kannan, T;Ding, J;Lu, DY;Langan, S;Zhang, J;Azevedo, JLLC;Li, SH;Shalygin, S;Azadi, P;Hanna, DB;Ofotokun, I;Lazar, J;Fischl, MA;Haberlen, S;Macatangay, B;Adimora, AA;Jamieson, BD;Rinaldo, C;Merenstein, D;Roan, NR;Kutsch, O;Gange, S;Wolinsky, SM;Witt, MD;Post, WS;Kossenkov, A;Landay, AL;Frank, I;Tien, PC;Gross, R;Brown, TT;Abdel-Mohsen, M; Immunoglobulin G N-glycan markers of accelerated biological aging during chronic HIV infection Nature communications 2024-04-10 [PMID: 38600088] (Human)
• Li, JZ;Melberg, M;Kittilson, A;Abdel-Mohsen, M;Li, Y;Aga, E;Bosch, RJ;Wonderlich, ER;Kinslow, J;Giron, LB;Di Germanio, C;Pilkinton, M;MacLaren, L;Keefer, M;Fox, L;Barr, L;Acosta, E;Ananworanich, J;Coombs, R;Mellors, J;Deeks, S;Gandhi, RT;Busch, M;Landay, A;Macatangay, B;Smith, DM;AIDS Clinical Trials Group A5345 Study Team, ; Predictors of HIV rebound differ by timing of antiretroviral therapy initiation JCI insight 2024-02-08 [PMID: 38329130] (Human)
• Boby, N;Williams, KM;Das, A;Pahar, B; Toll-like Receptor 2 Mediated Immune Regulation in Simian Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Rhesus Macaques Vaccines 2023-12-17 [PMID: 38140264] (Primate - Macaca mulatta (Rhesus Macaque))
• Sereti, I;Verburgh, ML;Gifford, J;Lo, A;Boyd, A;Verheij, E;Verhoeven, A;Wit, FWNM;Schim van der Loeff, MF;Giera, M;Kootstra, NA;Reiss, P;Vujkovic-Cvijin, I; Impaired gut microbiota-mediated short-chain fatty acid production precedes morbidity and mortality in people with HIV Cell reports 2023-10-30 [PMID: 37918403] (Human)
• Giron, LB;Liu, Q;Adeniji, OS;Yin, X;Kannan, T;Ding, J;Lu, DY;Langan, S;Zhang, J;Azevedo, JLLC;Hanna, DB;Ofotokun, I;Lazar, J;Fischl, MA;Haberlen, S;Macatangay, B;Adimora, AA;Jamieson, BD;Rinaldo, C;Merenstein, D;Roan, NR;Kutsch, O;Gange, S;Wolinsky, S;Witt, M;Post, WS;Kossenkov, A;Landay, A;Frank, I;Tien, PC;Gross, R;Brown, TT;Abdel-Mohsen, M; Plasma Glycomic Markers of Accelerated Biological Aging During Chronic HIV Infection bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology 2023-08-10 [PMID: 37609144] ( Human)
• Coufal, S;Kverka, M;Kreisinger, J;Thon, T;Rob, F;Kolar, M;Reiss, Z;Schierova, D;Kostovcikova, K;Roubalova, R;Bajer, L;Jackova, Z;Mihula, M;Drastich, P;Tresnak Hercogova, J;Novakova, M;Vasatko, M;Lukas, M;Tlaskalova-Hogenova, H;Jiraskova Zakostelska, Z; Serum TGF-?1 and CD14 Predicts Response to Anti-TNF-? Therapy in IBD Journal of immunology research 2023-06-20 [PMID: 37383609] (Human)
• L Blöbaum, M Witkowski, M Wegner, S Lammel, PA Schencke, K Jakobs, M Puccini, D Rei beta ner, D Steffens, U Landmesser, U Rauch, J Friebel Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction and Microbial Translocation in Patients with First-Diagnosed Atrial Fibrillation Biomedicines, 2023-01-10;11(1):. 2023-01-10 [PMID: 36672684] (Human)
• ML Sarangam, R Namazzi, D Datta, C Bond, CPB Vanderpool, RO Opoka, CC John, AL Conroy Intestinal Injury Biomarkers Predict Mortality in Pediatric Severe Malaria MBio, 2022-09-07;0(0):e0132522. 2022-09-07 [PMID: 36069443] (Human)
• H Kared, AS Wolf, A Alirezayla, A Ravussin, G Solum, TT Tran, F Lund-Johan, JT Vaage, LS Nissen-Mey, UC Nygaard, O Hungnes, AH Robertson, LM Næss, L Trogstad, P Magnus, LA Munthe, S Mjaaland Immune responses in Omicron SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infection in vaccinated adults Nature Communications, 2022-07-18;13(1):4165. 2022-07-18 [PMID: 35851055] (Human)
• OE Asowata, A Singh, A Ngoepe, N Herbert, R Fardoos, K Reddy, Y Zungu, F Nene, N Mthabela, D Ramjit, F Karim, K Govender, T Ndung'u, JZ Porterfiel, JH Adamson, FG Madela, VT Manzini, F Anderson, A Leslie, HN Kløverpris Irreversible depletion of intestinal CD4+ T-cells is associated with T-cell activation during chronic HIV infection JCI Insight, 2021-11-22;0(0):. 2021-11-22 [PMID: 34618690] (Human)
• V Chaban, ER Nakstad, H Stær-Jense, C Schjalm, I Seljeflot, J Vaage, C Lundqvist, JŠ Benth, K Sunde, TE Mollnes, GØ Andersen, SE Pischke Complement activation is associated with poor outcome after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest Resuscitation, 2021-06-11;0(0):. 2021-06-11 [PMID: 34126135] (Human)
• R Fernandez-, MW Plankey, D Ware, J Bordon Changes in liver steatosis in HIV-positive women are associated with the BMI, but not with biomarkers Cytokine, 2021-05-12;0(0):155573. 2021-05-12 [PMID: 33994069] (Human)
• HK Pihlstrøm, T Ueland, AE Michelsen, P Aukrust, F Gatti, C Hammarströ, M Kasprzycka, J Wang, G Haraldsen, G Mjøen, DO Dahle, K Midtvedt, IA Eide, A Hartmann, H Holdaas Exploring the potential effect of paricalcitol on markers of inflammation in de novo renal transplant recipients PLoS ONE, 2020-12-16;15(12):e0243759. 2020-12-16 [PMID: 33326471] (Human)
• S Novelli, C Lécuroux, C Goujard, J Reynes, A Villemant, L Blum, A Essat, V Avettand-F, O Launay, JM Molina, C Bourgeois, L Meyer Persistence of monocyte activation under treatment in people followed since acute HIV-1 infection relative to participants at high or low risk of HIV infection EBioMedicine, 2020-11-26;62(0):103129. 2020-11-26 [PMID: 33248370] (Human)
• JB Trojanek, J Micha?kiew, R Grzywa-Czu, W Ja?czyk, L Gackowska, I Kubiszewsk, A Helmin-Bas, A Wierzbicka, M Szalecki, P Socha Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinases and Their Tissue Inhibitors in Peripheral Blood Leukocytes and Plasma of Children with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Mediators Inflamm., 2020-09-10;2020(0):8327945. 2020-09-10 [PMID: 32963496] (Human)
• JAD Van, S Clotet-Fre, AC Hauschild, I Batruch, I Jurisica, Y Elia, FH Mahmud, E Sochett, EP Diamandis, JW Scholey, A Konvalinka Urinary proteomics links keratan sulfate degradation and lysosomal enzymes to early type 1 diabetes PLoS ONE, 2020-05-26;15(5):e0233639. 2020-05-26 [PMID: 32453760] (Human)
• I Vujkovic-C, O Sortino, E Verheij, J Sklar, FW Wit, NA Kootstra, B Sellers, JM Brenchley, J Ananworani, MSV Loeff, Y Belkaid, P Reiss, I Sereti HIV-associated gut dysbiosis is independent of sexual practice and correlates with noncommunicable diseases Nat Commun, 2020-05-15;11(1):2448. 2020-05-15 [PMID: 32415070] (Human)
• DM Muema, NA Akilimali, OC Ndumnego, SS Rasehlo, R Durgiah, DBA Ojwach, N Ismail, M Dong, A Moodley, KL Dong, ZM Ndhlovu, JM Mabuka, BD Walker, JK Mann, T Ndung'u Association between the cytokine storm, immune cell dynamics, and viral replicative capacity in hyperacute HIV infection BMC Med, 2020-03-25;18(1):81. 2020-03-25 [PMID: 32209092] (Human)
• S Coufal, N Galanova, L Bajer, Z Gajdarova, D Schierova, Z Jiraskova, K Kostovciko, Z Jackova, Z Stehlikova, P Drastich, H Tlaskalova, M Kverka Inflammatory Bowel Disease Types Differ in Markers of Inflammation, Gut Barrier and in Specific Anti-Bacterial Response Cells, 2019-07-13;8(7):. 2019-07-13 [PMID: 31337064] (Human)
• C Petes, V Mintsopoul, RL Finnen, BW Banfield, K Gee The effects of CD14 and IL-27 on induction of endotoxin tolerance in human monocytes and macrophages J. Biol. Chem., 2018-09-21;0(0):. 2018-09-21 [PMID: 30242126] (Human)
• Y Liu, OC Ndumnego, T Chen, RS Kim, ER Jenny-Avit, T Ndung'u, D Wilson, JM Achkar Soluble CD14 as a Diagnostic Biomarker for Smear-Negative HIV-Associated Tuberculosis Pathogens, 2018-02-27;7(1):. 2018-02-27 [PMID: 29495442] (Human)
• A Chéret, C Durier, A Mélard, M Ploquin, J Heitzmann, C Lécuroux, V Avettand-F, L David, G Pialoux, JM Chennebaul, M Müller-Tru, C Goujard, C Rouzioux, L Meyer Impact of early cART on HIV blood and semen compartments at the time of primary infection PLoS ONE, 2017-07-14;12(7):e0180191. 2017-07-14 [PMID: 28708873] (Human)
• T Booiman, FW Wit, I Maurer, D De Frances, CA Sabin, AM Harskamp, M Prins, P Garagnani, C Pirazzini, C Franceschi, D Fuchs, M Gisslén, A Winston, P Reiss, NA Kootstra High Cellular Monocyte Activation in People Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus on Combination Antiretroviral Therapy and Lifestyle-Matched Controls Is Associated With Greater Inflammation in Cerebrospinal Fluid Open Forum Infect Dis, 2017-05-25;4(3):ofx108. 2017-05-25 [PMID: 28680905] (Human)
• T Ueland, LE Laugsand, LJ Vatten, I Janszky, C Platou, AE Michelsen, JK Damås, P Aukrust, BO Åsvold Monocyte/macrophage and T cell activation markers are not independently associated with MI risk in healthy individuals - results from the HUNT Study Int. J. Cardiol., 2017-06-12;0(0):. 2017-06-12 [PMID: 28615143] (Human)
• Identification of promising plasma immune biomarkers to differentiate active pulmonary tuberculosis Cytokine, 2016-08-31;88(0):99-107. 2016-08-31 [PMID: 27591510] (Human)
• Uhde M, Ajamian M, Caio G, De Giorgio R, Indart A, Green P, Verna E, Volta U, Alaedini A Intestinal cell damage and systemic immune activation in individuals reporting sensitivity to wheat in the absence of coeliac disease. Gut, 2016-07-25;65(12):1930-1937. 2016-07-25 [PMID: 27459152] (Human)
• Royal W, Cherner M, Burdo T, Umlauf A, Letendre S, Jumare J, Abimiku A, Alabi P, Alkali N, Bwala S, Okwuasaba K, Eyzaguirre L, Akolo C, Guo M, Williams K, Blattner W Associations between Cognition, Gender and Monocyte Activation among HIV Infected Individuals in Nigeria. PLoS ONE, 2016-02-01;11(2):e0147182. 2016-02-01 [PMID: 26829391] (Human)
• Quon B, Ngan D, Wilcox P, Man S, Sin D Plasma sCD14 as a biomarker to predict pulmonary exacerbations in cystic fibrosis. PLoS ONE, 2014-02-20;9(2):e89341. 2014-02-20 [PMID: 24586701] (Human)
• Sahlander K, Larsson K, Palmberg L Daily exposure to dust alters innate immunity. PLoS ONE, 2012-02-15;7(2):e31646. 2012-02-15 [PMID: 22355383] (Human)
• Pitteri SJ, JeBailey L, Faca VM, Thorpe JD, Silva MA, Ireton RC, Horton MB, Wang H, Pruitt LC, Zhang Q, Cheng KH, Urban N, Hanash SM, Dinulescu DM Integrated proteomic analysis of human cancer cells and plasma from tumor bearing mice for ovarian cancer biomarker discovery. PLoS ONE, 2009-11-19;4(11):e7916. 2009-11-19 [PMID: 19936259] (Human)
• Srinivasan M, Kodumudi KN, Zunt SL Soluble CD14 and toll-like receptor-2 are potential salivary biomarkers for oral lichen planus and burning mouth syndrome. Clin. Immunol., 2007-10-03;126(1):31-7. 2007-10-03 [PMID: 17916440] (Human)

FAQs for CD14 (DY383). (Showing 1 - 1 of 1 FAQs).

1. What is the difference between the Quantikine and Duoset ELISA kits?
   • Our Quantikine kits are fully optimized and validated for the sample types listed on the product specific webpage and datasheet, as this can vary between kits. Each kit is supplied ready to use with one pre-coated 96-well plate, a detection antibody directly conjugated to HRP, and all other necessary reagents. These kits are ideal for researchers who want the convenience of a ready to use and optimized ELISA product. Some of these kits are also available prepackaged in larger 6 and 50 plate sizes.Our DuoSet Kits, in contrast, are ELISA development kits containing the capture and detection antibody, the mass-value calibrated standard, and streptavidin-HRP to prepare approximately 5 or 15 plates. Ancillary reagents will need to be used/purchased, and for most kits, we will recommend one of our Ancillary Reagent Kits, which contain the reagents we use ourselves in-house. DuoSet kits are validated only for cell culture supernatant samples and therefore require further development and validation for accurate measurement in more complex samples such as serum and plasma. Our DuoSet Kits offer an economical, flexible alternative for the experienced ELISA user.

Bioinformatics

• Gene Symbol: CD14