Dkk-2 Antibody [Alexa Fluor® 488]

• Reactivity: Mu
• Applications: WB, IHC
• Clonality: Polyclonal
• Host: Goat
• Conjugate: Alexa Fluor 488

Dkk-2 Antibody [Alexa Fluor® 488] Summary

• Immunogen: Mouse myeloma cell line NS0-derived recombinant mouse Dkk-2
  Ser26-Ile259
  Accession # Q9QYZ8
• Specificity: Detects mouse Dkk‑2 in Western blots.
• Isotype: IgG
• Clonality: Polyclonal
• Host: Goat
• Purity Statement: Antigen Affinity-purified

Applications/Dilutions

• Dilutions:
  • Immunohistochemistry
  • Western Blot

Packaging, Storage & Formulations

• Storage: Protect from light. Do not freeze. 12 months from date of receipt, 2 to 8 °C as supplied
• Buffer: Supplied 0.2mg/ml in 1X PBS with RDF1 and 0.09% Sodium Azide

Notes

This product is produced by and ships from R&D Systems, Inc., a Bio-Techne brand.

Alternate Names for Dkk-2 Antibody [Alexa Fluor® 488]

• dickkopf (Xenopus laevis) homolog 2
• dickkopf 2
• dickkopf homolog 2 (Xenopus laevis)
• dickkopf related protein-2
• dickkopf-2
• dickkopf-related protein 2
• Dkk2
• Dkk-2
• hDkk-2

Background

Dickkopf related protein 2 (Dkk-2) is a member of the Dickkopf family of secreted Wnt modulators (1-3). Dkk proteins contain a signal peptide and two conserved cysteine-rich domains that are separated by a linker region. The second cysteine-rich domain, which shows a configuration of cysteines conserved in prokineticin and colipase families, mediates Dkk-2 binding activities (2-4). The 226 amino acid (aa), ~35 kDa mature mouse Dkk-2 shares 41% and 34% aa identity with mouse Dkk-1 and Dkk-4, respectively. It also shares 99%, 96%, 96%, 96% and 94% aa identity with rat, human, canine, equine and bovine Dkk-2, respectively, and can activate the canonical Wnt signaling pathway in Xenopus embryos (5). Dkk proteins modify Wnt engagement of a receptor complex composed of a Frizzled protein and a low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein, either LRP5 or LRP6 (3). When LRP6 is overexpressed, direct high-affinity binding of Dkk-2 to LRP can enhance canonical Wnt signaling (6-8). However, when Dkk-2 and LRP6 form a ternary complex with Kremen2, Wnt signaling is inhibited due to internalization of Dkk-2/LRP6/Krm2 complexes (9, 10). Thus, depending on the cellular context, Dkk-2 can either activate or inhibit canonical Wnt signaling (3). In contrast, binding of Dkk-1 or Dkk-4 to LRP is consistently antagonistic (3). Dkk proteins are expressed in mesenchymal tissues and control epithelial transformations. Dkk-2 expression has been studied most in bone and eye. Mouse Dkk-1 or Dkk-2 deficiencies have opposite effects on bone homeostasis, despite downregulating Wnt antagonism in both cases (11, 12). Dkk-2 expression is induced by Wnts in bone, and is thought to enhance bone density by promoting terminal differentiation of osteoblasts and mineral deposition (11). In contrast, Dkk-1 negatively regulates late osteoblast proliferation, which limits bone density (12). Dkk-2-deficient mice are blind due to faulty differentiation of corneal epithelium (13).

Limitations

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.